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  5.     <title>UTas ePrints - Increasing turbidity significantly alters the diet of brown trout: a multi-year longitudinal study</title>
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  13.     <meta content="Stuart-Smith, Rick D." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="Richardson, A.M.M." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  15. <meta content="White, R.W.G." name="eprints.creators_name" />
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  23. <meta content="Increasing turbidity significantly alters the diet of
  24. brown trout: a multi-year longitudinal study" name="eprints.title" />
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  26. <meta content="270701" name="eprints.subjects" />
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  28. <meta content="Daphnia carinata, feeding, Galaxias auratus, Tasmanian lake, trophic adaptability." name="eprints.keywords" />
  29. <meta content="The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com" name="eprints.note" />
  30. <meta content="The stomach contents of adult brown trout Salmo trutta from Lake Sorell, Tasmania, were
  31. analysed during 6 years of increasing turbidity to follow changes in the diet associated with
  32. dramatic changes in water clarity. Brown trout were sampled from 1996, when turbidity was 26
  33. NTU, to 2001 when turbidity was 141NTU. The mean relative volume of stomach contents
  34. decreased progressively to 2001, by which time it was only one sixth of that in 1996, and the mean
  35. diversity of prey in stomachs decreased from an average of more than six species per stomach in
  36. 1996 to one species in 2001. The species composition of stomach contents shifted from domination
  37. by the phreatoicid isopod Colubotelson sp., to the galaxiid fish Galaxias auratus and the
  38. amphipod Austrochiltonia australis, and then the cladoceran Daphnia carinata. To give an
  39. indication of diet changes over a typical yearly cycle in the current turbid state of the lake, a
  40. sample was taken from each season from December 2000 to September 2001. Two basic diets
  41. were found during the year; brown trout specialized on D. carinata in summer and autumn, and
  42. G. auratus in winter and spring. Mean diversity of prey was less than two species per stomach in
  43. all samples from 2000 to 2001, except for the sample from spring 2001 when it was 22 species per
  44. stomach, and the mean relative volume of stomach contents was more than three times greater in
  45. winter than any other season. The ways in which high turbidity may have influenced the changes
  46. in the brown trout diet observed since 1996 and the patterns evident during the seasons of
  47. 2000-2001 are discussed." name="eprints.abstract" />
  48. <meta content="2004" name="eprints.date" />
  49. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  50. <meta content="Journal of Fish Biology" name="eprints.publication" />
  51. <meta content="65" name="eprints.volume" />
  52. <meta content="376-388" name="eprints.pagerange" />
  53. <meta content="10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00456.x" name="eprints.id_number" />
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  56. <meta content="0022-1112" name="eprints.issn" />
  57. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00456.x" name="eprints.official_url" />
  58. <meta content="Ball, R. C. (1948). Relationship between available fish food, feeding habits of fish and
  59. total fish production in a Michigan lake. Michigan Technical Bulletin 206, 3-59.
  60. Barrett, J. C. (1992). Turbidity-induced changes in reactive distance of rainbow trout.
  61. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 121, 437-443.
  62. Berg, L. &amp; Northcote, T. G. (1985). Changes in territorial, gill-flaring, and feeding
  63. behavior in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) following short-term
  64. pulses of suspended sediment. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
  65. 42, 1410-1417.
  66. Borgstrom, R. (1973). The effect of increased water level fluctuation upon the brown
  67. trout population of Marvann, a Norwegian reservoir. Norwegian Journal of
  68. Zoology 21, 101-112.
  69. Bridcut, E. E. &amp; Giller, P. S. (1993). Diet variability in relation to season and habitat
  70. utilisation in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., in a southern Irish stream. Canadian
  71. Special Publications of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 118, 17-24.
  72. Cheng, D. M. H. &amp; Tyler, P. A. (1976). Primary productivity and nutrient status of Lakes
  73. Sorell and Crescent, Tasmania. Hydrobiologia 48, 59-64.
  74. Cortes, E. (1997). A critical review of methods of studying fish feeding based on analysis
  75. of stomach contents: application to elasmobranch fishes. Canadian Journal of
  76. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, 726-738.
  77. Dill, L. M. (1983). Adaptive flexibility in the foraging behaviour of fishes. Canadian
  78. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 40, 398-408.
  79. Dorgeloh, W. G. (1995). Fish distribution in relation to turbidity gradients in a man-made
  80. lake, Sterkfontein Dam (South Africa). Water SA 21, 95-99.
  81. Gardner, M. B. (1981). Effects of turbidity on feeding rates and selectivity of bluegills.
  82. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 110, 446-450.
  83. Gerking, S. D. (1994). Feeding Ecology of Fish. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  84. Gregory, R. S. &amp; Northcote, T. G. (1993). Surface, planktonic and benthic foraging
  85. by juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in turbid laboratory
  86. conditions. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, 233-240.
  87. Hayes, J. W. &amp; Rutledge, M. J. (1991). Relationship between turbidity and fish diets in
  88. Lakes Waahi and Whangape, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and
  89. Freshwater Research 25, 297-304.
  90. Herbert, D. W. M. &amp; Merkens, J. C. (1961). The effect of suspended mineral
  91. solids on the survival of trout. International Journal of Air and Water Pollution 5,
  92. 46-55.
  93. Hunt, P. C. &amp; Jones, J. W. (1972). The food of brown trout in Llyn Alaw, Anglesey,
  94. North Wales. Journal of Fish Biology 4, 333-352.
  95. Hyatt, K. D. (1979). Feeding strategy. In Fish Physiology, Vol. VIII (Hoar, W. S.,
  96. Randall, D. J. &amp; Brett, J. R., eds), pp. 71-119. London: Academic Press.
  97. Hyslop, E. J. (1980). Stomach contents analysis - a review ofmethods and their application.
  98. Journal of Fish Biology 17, 411-429.
  99. James, G. D. &amp; Graynoth, E. (2002). Influence of fluctuating lake levels and water clarity
  100. on trout populations in littoral zones of New Zealand alpine lakes. New Zealand
  101. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 36, 39-52.
  102. Johnsen, B. O. (1978). Seasonal variations in the diet of the brown trout (Salmo trutta L.)
  103. in a Norwegian mountain lake compared with the variations in the plankton and
  104. bottom fauna. Astarte 11, 37-43.
  105. Kelly-Quinn, M. &amp; Bracken, J. J. (1990). A seasonal analysis of the diet and feeding
  106. dynamics of brown trout, Salmo trutta L., in a small nursery stream. Aquaculture
  107. and Fisheries Management 21, 107-124.
  108. Papageorgiou, N. C., Neophytou, C. N. &amp; Vlachos, C. G. (1984). Food and feeding of
  109. brown trout (Salmo trutta Fario L.) in Aspropotamos Stream, Greece. Polskie
  110. Archiwum Hydrobiologii 31, 277-285.
  111. Rowe, D. K. (1984). Factors affecting the foods and feeding patterns of lake-dwelling
  112. rainbow trout (Salmo gairderii) in the North Island of New Zealand. New Zealand
  113. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 18, 129-141.
  114. Rowe, D. K. &amp; Dean, T. L. (1998). Effects of turbidity on the feeding ability of the
  115. juvenile migrant stage of six New Zealand freshwater fish species. New Zealand
  116. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 32, 21-29.
  117. Rowe, D. K., Dean, T. L., Williams, E. &amp; Smith, J. P. (2003). Effects of turbidity on the
  118. ability of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to feed on limnetic and
  119. benthic prey in laboratory tanks. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater
  120. Research 37, 45-52.
  121. Sokal, R. R. &amp; Rohlf, F. J. (1995). Biometry, 3rd edn. New York: W.H. Freeman and
  122. Company.
  123. Suarez, J. L., Reirez, L. &amp; Anadon, R. (1988). Feeding relationships between two
  124. salmonid species and the benthic community. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii 35,
  125. 341-359.
  126. Sweka, J. A. &amp; Hartman, K. J. (2001). Influence of turbidity on brook trout reactive
  127. distance and foraging success. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130,
  128. 138-146.
  129. Vinyard, G. L. &amp; O'Brien, W. J. (1976). Effects of light and turbidity on the reactive
  130. distance of the Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). Journal of the Fisheries Research
  131. Board of Canada 33, 2845-2849.
  132. Vollestad, L. A. &amp; Andersen, R. (1985). Resource partitioning of various age groups of
  133. brown trout, Salmo trutta, in the littoral zone of Lake Selura, Norway. Archiv fur
  134. Hydrobiologie 105, 177-185.
  135. Windell, J. T. &amp; Bowen, S. H. (1978). Methods for study of fish diets based on analysis of
  136. stomach contents. In Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh waters,
  137. 3rd edn (Bagenal, T., ed.), pp. 219-226. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  138. Yevsin, V. N. &amp; Ivanov, N. O. (1979). The summer feeding of brown trout, Salmo trutta,
  139. in the Pulon'ga River (Kola Peninsula). Journal of Ichthyology 19, 122-126.
  140. Hardie, S. A. (2003a). Current status of the macroinvertebrate communities in Lakes
  141. Crescent and Sorell. Inland Fisheries Service. http://www.ifs.tas.gov.au, 29 October
  142. 2003.
  143. Hardie, S. A. (2003b). Current status and ecology of the golden galaxies (Galaxias
  144. auratus). Inland Fisheries Service. http://www.ifs.tas.gov.au, 29 October 2003.
  145. Heffer, D. K. (2003). Wetlands of Lakes Sorell and Crescent: conservation and
  146. management. Inland Fisheries Service. http://www.ifs.tas.gov.au, 29 October 2003.
  147. Uytendaal, A. (2003). Water quality in Lakes Sorell and Crescent: Underlying processes
  148. and management options. Inland Fisheries Service. http://www.ifs.tas.gov.au,
  149. 29 October 2003." name="eprints.referencetext" />
  150. <meta content="Stuart-Smith, Rick D. and Richardson, A.M.M. and White, R.W.G. (2004) Increasing turbidity significantly alters the diet of brown trout: a multi-year longitudinal study. Journal of Fish Biology, 65 . pp. 376-388. ISSN 0022-1112" name="eprints.citation" />
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  157. <meta content="White, R.W.G." name="DC.creator" />
  158. <meta content="270701 Freshwater Ecology" name="DC.subject" />
  159. <meta content="The stomach contents of adult brown trout Salmo trutta from Lake Sorell, Tasmania, were
  160. analysed during 6 years of increasing turbidity to follow changes in the diet associated with
  161. dramatic changes in water clarity. Brown trout were sampled from 1996, when turbidity was 26
  162. NTU, to 2001 when turbidity was 141NTU. The mean relative volume of stomach contents
  163. decreased progressively to 2001, by which time it was only one sixth of that in 1996, and the mean
  164. diversity of prey in stomachs decreased from an average of more than six species per stomach in
  165. 1996 to one species in 2001. The species composition of stomach contents shifted from domination
  166. by the phreatoicid isopod Colubotelson sp., to the galaxiid fish Galaxias auratus and the
  167. amphipod Austrochiltonia australis, and then the cladoceran Daphnia carinata. To give an
  168. indication of diet changes over a typical yearly cycle in the current turbid state of the lake, a
  169. sample was taken from each season from December 2000 to September 2001. Two basic diets
  170. were found during the year; brown trout specialized on D. carinata in summer and autumn, and
  171. G. auratus in winter and spring. Mean diversity of prey was less than two species per stomach in
  172. all samples from 2000 to 2001, except for the sample from spring 2001 when it was 22 species per
  173. stomach, and the mean relative volume of stomach contents was more than three times greater in
  174. winter than any other season. The ways in which high turbidity may have influenced the changes
  175. in the brown trout diet observed since 1996 and the patterns evident during the seasons of
  176. 2000-2001 are discussed." name="DC.description" />
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  290.     <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Increasing turbidity significantly alters the diet of brown trout: a multi-year longitudinal study</h1>
  291.     <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Stuart-Smith, Rick D.</span> and <span class="person_name">Richardson, A.M.M.</span> and <span class="person_name">White, R.W.G.</span> (2004) <xhtml:em>Increasing turbidity significantly alters the diet of brown trout: a multi-year longitudinal study.</xhtml:em> Journal of Fish Biology, 65 . pp. 376-388. ISSN 0022-1112</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1598/1/honours_paper.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" border="0" class="ep_doc_icon" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1598/1/honours_paper.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />268Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input value="2063" name="docid" accept-charset="utf-8" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00456.x">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00456.x</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">The stomach contents of adult brown trout Salmo trutta from Lake Sorell, Tasmania, were&#13;
  292. analysed during 6 years of increasing turbidity to follow changes in the diet associated with&#13;
  293. dramatic changes in water clarity. Brown trout were sampled from 1996, when turbidity was 26&#13;
  294. NTU, to 2001 when turbidity was 141NTU. The mean relative volume of stomach contents&#13;
  295. decreased progressively to 2001, by which time it was only one sixth of that in 1996, and the mean&#13;
  296. diversity of prey in stomachs decreased from an average of more than six species per stomach in&#13;
  297. 1996 to one species in 2001. The species composition of stomach contents shifted from domination&#13;
  298. by the phreatoicid isopod Colubotelson sp., to the galaxiid fish Galaxias auratus and the&#13;
  299. amphipod Austrochiltonia australis, and then the cladoceran Daphnia carinata. To give an&#13;
  300. indication of diet changes over a typical yearly cycle in the current turbid state of the lake, a&#13;
  301. sample was taken from each season from December 2000 to September 2001. Two basic diets&#13;
  302. were found during the year; brown trout specialized on D. carinata in summer and autumn, and&#13;
  303. G. auratus in winter and spring. Mean diversity of prey was less than two species per stomach in&#13;
  304. all samples from 2000 to 2001, except for the sample from spring 2001 when it was 22 species per&#13;
  305. stomach, and the mean relative volume of stomach contents was more than three times greater in&#13;
  306. winter than any other season. The ways in which high turbidity may have influenced the changes&#13;
  307. in the brown trout diet observed since 1996 and the patterns evident during the seasons of&#13;
  308. 2000-2001 are discussed.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" border="0" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Daphnia carinata, feeding, Galaxias auratus, Tasmanian lake, trophic adaptability.</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270701.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270700 Ecology and Evolution &gt; 270701 Freshwater Ecology</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Collections:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">UNSPECIFIED</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1598</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mr Rick D. Stuart-Smith</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">13 Aug 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">12 Feb 2008 11:05</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1598;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=1598">item control page</a></p>
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