<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>UTas ePrints - Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script> <style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style> <style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style> <link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" /> <link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" /> <meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn" name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Choi-Lundberg, D.L." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Weston, S." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Vincent, A.J." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Chung, R.S." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Vickers, J.C." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="West, A.K." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Inn.Chuah@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="rschung@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="awest@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="article" name="eprints.type" /> <meta content="2007-10-17 05:04:35" name="eprints.datestamp" /> <meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" /> <meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" /> <meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord" name="eprints.title" /> <meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" /> <meta content="320000" name="eprints.subjects" /> <meta content="270000" name="eprints.subjects" /> <meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" /> <meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells; Spinal cord; Regeneration; Corticospinal tract; Collateral sprouting" name="eprints.keywords" /> <meta content="The definitive version is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com " name="eprints.note" /> <meta content="In recent years, injection of olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) into the spinal cord has been used as an experimental strategy to promote regeneration of injured axons. In this study, we have compared the effects of transplanting encapsulated ECs with those injected directly into the spinal cord. The dorsal columns of adult rats were cut at T8–9 and rats in experimental groups received either EC-filled porous polymer capsules or culture medium (CM)-filled capsules with ECs injected at the injury site. Control rats were in three groups: (1) uninjured, (2) lesion with transplantation of CM-filled capsules and (3) lesion with transplantation of CM-filled capsules and injections of CM. Three weeks after injury, Fluororuby was injected into the hindlimb motor and somatosensory cortex to label corticospinal neurons. Observations indicated that there were a few regenerating fibres, up to 10, in the EC-treated groups. In rats that received encapsulated ECs, regenerating fibres were present in close association with the capsule. Rats that received EC injections demonstrated a significant increase in the number of collateral branches from the intact ventral corticospinal tract (vCST) compared with the corresponding control, CM-injected group ( P = 0.003), while a trend for increased collateral branches was observed in rats that received encapsulated ECs ( P = 0.07)." name="eprints.abstract" /> <meta content="2004" name="eprints.date" /> <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" /> <meta content="Experimental Neurology" name="eprints.publication" /> <meta content="185" name="eprints.volume" /> <meta content="15-25" name="eprints.pagerange" /> <meta content="10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.008" name="eprints.id_number" /> <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" /> <meta content="0014-4886" name="eprints.issn" /> <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.008" name="eprints.official_url" /> <meta content="Boruch, A.V., Conners, J.J., Pipitone, M., Deadwyler, G., Storer, P.D., Devries, G.H., Jones, K.J., 2002. Neurotrophic and migratory properties of an olfactory ensheathing cell line. Glia 33, 225–229. Bunn, H.J., Woltmann, G., Grigg, J., 2002. Applicability of laser scanning cytometry to study paediatric alveolar macrophages. Eur. Respir. J. 20, 1437– 1443. Chuah, M.I., Au, C., 1993. Cultures of ensheathing cells from neonatal rat olfactory bulbs. Brain Res. 601, 213– 220. Chuah, M.I., Au, C., 1994. Olfactory cell cultures on ensheathing cell monolayers. Chem. Senses 19, 25– 34. Chuah, M.I., Teague, R., 1999. Basic fibroblast growth factor in the primary olfactory pathway: mitogenic effect on ensheathing cells. Neuroscience 88, 1043–1050. Chuah, M.I., West, A.K., 2002. Cellular and molecular biology of ensheathing cells. Microsc. Res. Tech. 58, 216– 227. Chuah, M.I., David, S., Blaschuk, O., 1991. Differentiation and survival of rat olfactory epithelial neurons in dissociated cell culture. Dev. Brain Res. 60, 123– 132. Chuah, M.I., Cossins, J.-M., Woodhall, E., Tennant, R., Nash, G., West, A.K., 2000. Glial Growth Factor 2 induces proliferation and structural changes in ensheathing cells. Brain Res. 857, 265– 274. Cohen-Cory, S., Fraser, S.E., 1995. Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on optic axon branching and remodelling in vivo. Nature 378, 192– 196. Daston, M.M., Bastmeyer, M., Rutishauser, U., O’Leary, D.D.M., 1996. Spatially restricted increase in polysialic acid enhances corticospinal axon branching related to target recognition and innervation. J. Neurosci. 16, 5497–5499. DeLucia, T.A., Conners, J.J., Brown, T.J., Cronin, C.M., Khan, T., Jones, K.J., 2003. Use of a cell line to investigate olfactory ensheathing cellenhanced axonal regeneration. Anat. Rec. 271B, 61– 70. Emery, E., Aldana, P., Bunge, M.B., Puckett, W., Srinivasan, A., Keane, R.W., Bethea, J., Levi, A.D., 1998. Apoptosis after traumatic human spinal cord injury. J. Neurosurg. 89, 911 –920. Fawcett, J.W., Asher, R.A., 1999. The glial scar and central nervous system repair. Brain Res. Bull. 49, 377– 391. Gallo, G., Letourneau, P.C., 1998. Localised sources of neurotrophins initiate axon collateral sprouting. J. Neurosci. 18, 5403– 5414. Gudino-Cabrera, G., Pastor, A.M., de la Cruz, R.R., Delgado-Garcia, J.M., Nieto-Sampedro, M., 1999. Limits to the capacity of transplants of olfactory glia to promote axonal regrowth in the CNS. NeuroReport 11, 467– 471. He, Y., Yao, Z., Gu, Y., Kuang, G., Chen, Y., 1992. Nerve growth factor promotes collateral sprouting of cholinergic fibres in the septohippocampal cholinergic system of aged rats with fimbria transection. Brain Res. 586, 27– 35. Henderson, C., 1989. Aminoalkylsilane: an inexpensive simple preparation for slide adhesion. J. Histotechnol. 12, 123– 124. Imaizumi, T., Lankford, K.L., Waxman, S.G., Greer, C.A., Kocsis, J.D., 1998. Transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells remyelinate and enhance axonal conduction in the demyelinated dorsal columns of the rat spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 18, 6176–6185. Joosten, E.A.J., Reshilov, L.N., Gispen, W.H., Bar, P.R., 1996. Embryonic form of N-CAM and development of the rat corticospinal tract: immuno- electron microscopical localization during spinal white matter ingrowth. Dev. Brain Res. 94, 99– 105. Li, X.G., Florence, S.L., Kaas, J.H., 1990. Areal distributions of cortical neurons projecting to different levels of the caudal brain stem and spinal cord in rats. Somatosens. Motor Res. 7, 315–335. Li, Y., Field, P.M., Raisman, G., 1997. Repair of adult rat corticospinal tract by transplants of olfactory ensheathing cells. Science 277, 2000– 2002. Li, Y.L., Field, P.M., Raisman, G., 1998. Regeneration of adult rat corticospinal axons induced by transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells. J. Neurosci. 18, 10514– 10524. Liang, L., Moret, V., Wiesendanger, M., Rouiller, E., 1991. Corticomotoneuronal connections in the rat: evidence from double-labeling of motoneurons and corticospinal axon arborizations. J. Comp. Neurol. 311, 356– 366. Lindsay, R.M., 1986. Reactive gliosis. In: Fedoroff, S., Vernadakis, A. (Eds.), Astrocytes: Cell Biology and Pathology of Astrocytes. Academic Press, Orlando, pp. 231– 262. Miller, M.W., 1987. The origin of corticospinal projection neurons in rat. Exp. Brain Res. 67, 339–351. Miragall, F., Kadmon, G., Husmann, M., Schachner, M., 1988. Expression of cell adhesion molecules in the olfactory system of the adult mouse: presence of the embryonic form of N-CAM. Dev. Biol. 129, 516– 531. Murray, M., Goldberger, M.E., 1974. Restitution of function and collateral 24 M.I. Chuah et al. / Experimental Neurology 185 (2004) 15–25 sprouting in the cat spinal cord: the partially hemisected animal. J. Comp. Neurol. 158, 19–36. Nash, H.H., Borke, R.C., Anders, J.J., 2002. Ensheathing cells and methylprednisolone promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery in the lesioned adult rat spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 22, 7111 –7120. Paxinos, G., Watson, C., 1986. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, second ed. Academic Press, Sydney. Prendergast, J., Misantone, L.J., 1980. Sprouting by tracts descending from the midbrain to the spinal cord: the result of thoracic funiculotomy in the newborn, 21-day-old, and adult rat. Exp. Neurol. 69, 458– 480. Ramon-Cueto, A., Plant, G.W., Avila, J., Bunge, M.B., 1998. Long-distance axonal regeneration in the transected adult rat spinal cord is promoted by olfactory ensheathing glia transplants. J. Neurosci. 18, 3803–3815. Ramon-Cueto, A., Cordero, M.I., Santos-Benito, F.F., Avila, J., 2000. Functional recovery of paraplegic rats and motor axon regeneration in their spinal cords by olfactory ensheathing glia. Neuron 25, 425–435. Schnell, L., Schneider, R., Kolbeck, R., Barde, Y., Schwab, M.E., 1994. Neurotrophin-3 enhances sprouting of corticospinal tract during development and after adult spinal cord lesion. Nature 367, 170– 173. Schucht, P., Raineteau, O., Schwab, M.E., Fouad, K., 2002. Anatomical correlates of locomotor recovery following dorsal and ventral lesions of the rat spinal cord. Exp. Neurol. 176, 143–153. Schwab, M.E., Bartholdi, D., 1996. Degeneration and regeneration of axons in the lesioned spinal cord. Physiol. Rev. 76, 319– 370. Takami, T., Oudega, M., Bates, M.L., Wood, P.M., Kleitman, N., Bunge, M.B., 2002. Schwann cell but not olfactory ensheathing glia transplants improve hindlimb locomotor performance in the moderately contused adult rat thoracic spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 22, 6670– 6681. Tisay, K.T., Key, B., 1999. The extracellular matrix modulates olfactory neurite growth on ensheathing cells. J. Neurosci. 19, 9890– 9899. Treloar, H.B., Nurcombe, V., Key, B., 1996. Expression of extracellular matrix molecules in the embryonic rat olfactory pathway. J. Neurobiol. 31, 41– 55. Vincent, A.J., West, A.K., Chuah, M.I., 2003. Morphological plasticity of ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1. Glia 41, 393– 403. Weidner, N., Ner, A., Salimi, N., Tuszynski, M.H., 2001. Spontaneous corticospinal axonal plasticity and functional recovery after adult central nervous system injury. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98, 3513– 3518. Woodhall, E., West, A.K., Chuah, M.I., 2001. Cultured olfactory ensheathing cells express Nerve Growth Factor, Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, Glia Cell Line-derived Neurotrophic Factor, and their receptors. Mol. Brain Res. 88, 203–213. Woodhall, E., West, A.K., Vickers, J.C., Chuah, M.I., 2003. Olfactory ensheathing cell phenotype following implantation in the lesioned spinal cord. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 60, 2241– 2253" name="eprints.referencetext" /> <meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn and Choi-Lundberg, D.L. and Weston, S. and Vincent, A.J. and Chung, R.S. and Vickers, J.C. and West, A.K. (2004) Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord. Experimental Neurology, 185 . pp. 15-25. ISSN 0014-4886" name="eprints.citation" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2230/1/chuah_exptlneurol.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" /> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /> <meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord" name="DC.title" /> <meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn" name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Choi-Lundberg, D.L." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Weston, S." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Vincent, A.J." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Chung, R.S." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Vickers, J.C." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="West, A.K." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="320000 Medical and Health Sciences" name="DC.subject" /> <meta content="270000 Biological Sciences" name="DC.subject" /> <meta content="In recent years, injection of olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) into the spinal cord has been used as an experimental strategy to promote regeneration of injured axons. In this study, we have compared the effects of transplanting encapsulated ECs with those injected directly into the spinal cord. The dorsal columns of adult rats were cut at T8–9 and rats in experimental groups received either EC-filled porous polymer capsules or culture medium (CM)-filled capsules with ECs injected at the injury site. Control rats were in three groups: (1) uninjured, (2) lesion with transplantation of CM-filled capsules and (3) lesion with transplantation of CM-filled capsules and injections of CM. Three weeks after injury, Fluororuby was injected into the hindlimb motor and somatosensory cortex to label corticospinal neurons. Observations indicated that there were a few regenerating fibres, up to 10, in the EC-treated groups. In rats that received encapsulated ECs, regenerating fibres were present in close association with the capsule. Rats that received EC injections demonstrated a significant increase in the number of collateral branches from the intact ventral corticospinal tract (vCST) compared with the corresponding control, CM-injected group ( P = 0.003), while a trend for increased collateral branches was observed in rats that received encapsulated ECs ( P = 0.07)." name="DC.description" /> <meta content="2004" name="DC.date" /> <meta content="Article" name="DC.type" /> <meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" /> <meta content="application/pdf" name="DC.format" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2230/1/chuah_exptlneurol.pdf" name="DC.identifier" /> <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.008" name="DC.relation" /> <meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn and Choi-Lundberg, D.L. and Weston, S. and Vincent, A.J. and Chung, R.S. and Vickers, J.C. and West, A.K. (2004) Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord. Experimental Neurology, 185 . pp. 15-25. 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border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr> <td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td> <td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap"> <form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline"> <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" /> <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" /> <input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" /> <input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" /> <input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" /> </form> </td> </tr></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" --> <div align="center"> <table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left"> <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord</h1> <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Chuah, Meng Inn</span> and <span class="person_name">Choi-Lundberg, D.L.</span> and <span class="person_name">Weston, S.</span> and <span class="person_name">Vincent, A.J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Chung, R.S.</span> and <span class="person_name">Vickers, J.C.</span> and <span class="person_name">West, A.K.</span> (2004) <xhtml:em>Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord.</xhtml:em> Experimental Neurology, 185 . pp. 15-25. ISSN 0014-4886</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2230/1/chuah_exptlneurol.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2230/1/chuah_exptlneurol.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />806Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="2800" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.008">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.008</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">In recent years, injection of olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) into the spinal cord has been used as an experimental strategy to promote regeneration of injured axons. In this study, we have compared the effects of transplanting encapsulated ECs with those injected directly into the spinal cord. The dorsal columns of adult rats were cut at T8–9 and rats in experimental groups received either EC-filled porous polymer capsules or culture medium (CM)-filled capsules with ECs injected at the injury site. Control rats were in three groups: (1) uninjured, (2) lesion with transplantation of CM-filled capsules and (3) lesion with transplantation of CM-filled capsules and injections of CM. Three weeks after injury, Fluororuby was injected into the hindlimb motor and somatosensory cortex to label corticospinal neurons. Observations indicated that there were a few regenerating fibres, up to 10, in the EC-treated groups. In rats that received encapsulated ECs, regenerating fibres were present in close association with the capsule. Rats that received EC injections demonstrated a significant increase in the number of collateral branches from the intact ventral corticospinal tract (vCST) compared with the corresponding control, CM-injected group ( P = 0.003), while a trend for increased collateral branches was observed in rats that received encapsulated ECs ( P = 0.07).</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The definitive version is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com </td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Olfactory ensheathing cells; Spinal cord; Regeneration; Corticospinal tract; Collateral sprouting</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/320000.html">320000 Medical and Health Sciences</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270000.html">270000 Biological Sciences</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2230</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">A/Prof MI Chuah</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">17 Oct 2007 16:04</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2230;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=2230">item control page</a></p> </td></tr></table> </div> <!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td> </tr> <tr> <td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" --> <table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer"> <tr valign="top"> <td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br /> © University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br /> <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright & Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a> </td> <td width="32%"><div align="right"> <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p> <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br /> </a></p> </div></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><p> </p></td> <td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td> </tr> </table> <!-- #EndLibraryItem --> <div align="center"></div></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>