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    <title>UTas ePrints - Testosterone, ticks and travels: a test of the immunocompetence–handicap hypothesis in free-ranging male sand lizards</title>
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    <meta content="Olsson, Mats" name="eprints.creators_name" />
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<meta content="Testosterone, ticks and travels: a test of the
immunocompetence–handicap hypothesis
in free-ranging male sand lizards" name="eprints.title" />
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<meta content="The immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis suggests that androgen-dependent male characters
constitute honest signals of mate and/or rival quality because of the imposed costs through immune
suppression associated with elevated testosterone levels. We demonstrate in a field experiment that male
sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) exposed to elevated testosterone su¡ered from increased mass loss and tick
load compared to control males. Although the first of these two results could be due to an elevated basal
metabolic rate from increased plasma testosterone levels, the increased parasite load was statistically
independent of the loss in body condition and is likely to be due to compromised immune function.
Testosterone-treated males showed greater mobility than control males, and greater mobility resulted in
higher mating success. Our experiment thus lends support to the immunocompetence-handicap
hypothesis, suggesting that male testosterone levels have been moderated by balancing selection for
reproductive success and sustained immune function." name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2000-11" name="eprints.date" />
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<meta content="Proceedings of the Royal Society - Biological Sciences (Series B)" name="eprints.publication" />
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<meta content="1459" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="2339-2343" name="eprints.pagerange" />
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<meta content="Barnard, C. J., Behnke, J. M. &amp; Sewell, J. 1994 Social behaviour
and susceptibility to infection in house mice (Mus domesticus):
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lizards Lacerta agilis and L. vivipara as hosts to larvae and
nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus. Holarctic Ecol. 6, 32-40.
Browning, M. &amp; McMichael, A. 1996 HLA and MHC: genes,
molecules and function. Frome, UK: Bios Scientific Publishers.
Chandola, A., Kumar, D. S. &amp; Thapliyal, J. P. 1974 Matbaloc
response to male hormone and thyroid activity in the Indian
green lizard, Calotes versicolor. J. Endocrinol. 61, 285-291.
Cooper Jr,W. E., Mendonca, M. T. &amp; Vitt, L. J. 1987 Induction
of orange head coloration and activation of courtship and
aggression by testosterone in the male broad-headed skink
(Eumeces laticeps). J. Herpetol. 21, 96-101.
D|¨ az, J. A. 1993 Breeding coloration, mating opportunities,
activity, and survival in the lacertid lizard Psammodromus
algirus. Can. J. Zool. 71, 1104-1110.
Evans, M. R., Goldsmith, A. R. &amp; Norris, S. R. A. 2000 The
effects of testosterone on antibody production and plumage
coloration in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Behav.
Ecol. Sociobiol. (In the press.)
Folstad, I. &amp; Karter, A. J. 1992 Parasites, bright males and
immunocompetence handicap. Am. Nat. 139, 603-622.
Gullberg, A., Olsson, M. &amp; TegelstrÎm, H. 1997 Male mating
success, reproductive success and multiple paternity in a natural population of sand lizards: behavioural and
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1999 Is avian humoral immunocompetence suppressed by
testosterone? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 45, 167-175.
Marler, C. A. &amp; Moore, M. C. 1988 Evolutionary costs of
aggression revealed by testosterone manipulations in freeliving
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aggressionin testosterone-implantedfree-living male mountain
spiny lizards (Sceloporus jarrovi). Physiol. Zool. 62, 1334-1350.
Marler, C. A. &amp; Moore, M. C. 1991 Supplementary feeding
compensates for testosterone-induced costs of aggression in
male mountain spiny lizards, Sceloporus jarrovi. Anim. Behav. 42,
209-219.
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swallow (Hirundo rustica): a test of the Hamilton and Zuk
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immune defence: host immune response in relation to nest
reuse in birds. Evolution 50, 2066-2076.
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lizard (Lacerta agilis). PhD thesis,University ofGÎteborg, Sweden.
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agilis: an intra-sexually selected cue to fighting ability. Anim.
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Sauria). Copeia 1997, 456-460.
Olsson,M., Gullberg, A. &amp; TegelstrÎm, H. 1996a Mate guarding
in male sand lizards (Lacerta agilis). Behaviour133, 367-386.
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H. 1996b Female lizards control the paternity of their
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48, 397-404.
Saino, N., MÖller, A. P. &amp; Bolzern, A. M. 1995 Testosterone
effects on the immune system and parasite infestation of the
barn swallow (Hirundo rustica): an experimental test of the
immunocompetence hypothesis. Behav. Ecol. 6, 397-404.
Salvador, A.,Veiga, J. P., Martin, J., Lopez, P., Abelenda, M. &amp;
Puerta, M. 1996 The cost of producing a sexual signal: testosterone
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Energetic stress, immunosuppression and the cost of an antibody
response. Funct. Ecol. 12, 912-919.
Thapliyal, J. P., Chandola, A., Suresh Kumar, D. &amp; Oomen,
O. V. 1974 Testosterone versus thyroid hormone in the
regulation of oxidative metabolism in two species of reptiles.
J. Endocrinol. 63, 419-420.
Weatherhead, P. J., Metz, K. J., Bennett, G. F. &amp; Irwin, R. E.
1993 Parasite faunas, testosterone and secondary sexual traits
in red-winged blackbirds. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 33, 13-23.
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<meta content="The immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis suggests that androgen-dependent male characters
constitute honest signals of mate and/or rival quality because of the imposed costs through immune
suppression associated with elevated testosterone levels. We demonstrate in a field experiment that male
sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) exposed to elevated testosterone su¡ered from increased mass loss and tick
load compared to control males. Although the first of these two results could be due to an elevated basal
metabolic rate from increased plasma testosterone levels, the increased parasite load was statistically
independent of the loss in body condition and is likely to be due to compromised immune function.
Testosterone-treated males showed greater mobility than control males, and greater mobility resulted in
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    <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Testosterone, ticks and travels: a test of the immunocompetence–handicap hypothesis in free-ranging male sand lizards</h1>
    <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Olsson, Mats</span> and <span class="person_name">Wapstra, Erik</span> and <span class="person_name">Madsen, Thomas</span> and <span class="person_name">Silverin, Bengt</span> (2000) <xhtml:em>Testosterone, ticks and travels: a test of the immunocompetence–handicap hypothesis in free-ranging male sand lizards.</xhtml:em> Proceedings of the Royal Society - Biological Sciences (Series B), 267 (1459). pp. 2339-2343. ISSN 0962-8452</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2421/1/2000OlssonetalProcRSoc.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2421/1/2000OlssonetalProcRSoc.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />179Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="3128" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1289">http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1289</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">The immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis suggests that androgen-dependent male characters&#13;
constitute honest signals of mate and/or rival quality because of the imposed costs through immune&#13;
suppression associated with elevated testosterone levels. We demonstrate in a field experiment that male&#13;
sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) exposed to elevated testosterone su¡ered from increased mass loss and tick&#13;
load compared to control males. Although the first of these two results could be due to an elevated basal&#13;
metabolic rate from increased plasma testosterone levels, the increased parasite load was statistically&#13;
independent of the loss in body condition and is likely to be due to compromised immune function.&#13;
Testosterone-treated males showed greater mobility than control males, and greater mobility resulted in&#13;
higher mating success. Our experiment thus lends support to the immunocompetence-handicap&#13;
hypothesis, suggesting that male testosterone levels have been moderated by balancing selection for&#13;
reproductive success and sustained immune function.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Copyright 2007 Royal Society of London.</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis; sand lizard; mass loss; tick load&#13;
</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270604.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270600 Physiology &gt; 270604 Comparative Physiology</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2421</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Dr Erik Wapstra</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">15 Nov 2007 14:07</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2421;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2421">item control page</a></p>
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