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  5.     <title>UTas ePrints - Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale</title>
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  13.     <meta content="Johnson, Craig R." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="Craig.Johnson@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
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  19. <meta content="Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale" name="eprints.title" />
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  23. <meta content="Definitive version available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=MF9920611" name="eprints.note" />
  24. <meta content="This paper briefly reviews information on settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci in the
  25. Great Barrier Reef (GBR) system, with emphasis on the recent phenomenon of population outbreaks
  26. of the starfish. Observations that recent outbreaks have occurred in two series of activity (1962-77 and
  27. 1979-91 +), each characterized by a southward wave of infestations in the central section of the GBR,
  28. and that outbreaks are not preceded by observable increases in densities of juveniles, have important
  29. implications for settlement and recruitment processes. The pattern of outbreaks indicates that primary
  30. outbreaks occur infrequently and unpredictably in the vicinity of 16 degrees S. However, it is not possible to
  31. assert that primary outbreaks have not occurred elsewhere in the GBR system, and isolated outbreaks
  32. at the southern end of the GBR may be primary events. Present data are insufficient to discern whether
  33. recruitment leading to primary outbreaks is by mass settlement of larvae or aggregation of adult starfish
  34. of various ages. In contrast, evidence indicates strongly that the majority of outbreaks in the system
  35. are secondary infestations as a result of water-borne transport and subsequent mass settlements of
  36. planktonic larvae seeded by other outbreak populations (and initially by populations undergoing primary
  37. outbreaks). The likelihood and pattern of secondary outbreaks is influenced by several parameters
  38. that operate at vastly different scales. These include passive transport of larvae by large-scale circulation
  39. patterns at scales of 10 to the power of 4-10 to the power of 6 m, which can largely account for the southward wave, and substratum
  40. selectivity by larvae at small scales (0-10 to the power of -3 m). The spatial distribution of important cues for larval
  41. settlement (coral rubble and the coralline alga Lithothamnium pseudosorum) suggests that mass
  42. settlements are more likely to occur in deep water at the base of reefs, where they are less likely to
  43. be observed.
  44. Several foci are defined for future research on settlement and recruitment processes. These include
  45. (1) identification of parameters influencing the spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment events
  46. that initiate primary outbreaks, (2) testing of hypotheses relating to dissipation of the southward
  47. movement of outbreaks at about 20 degrees S despite an abundance of reefs in the area supporting high coral
  48. cover, (3) determining the period of competency of larvae for settlement, (4) elucidating the behaviour
  49. of larvae (particularly late brachiolaria) in the water column, (5) further work to identify substrata
  50. inductive of larval settlement and to determine the nature of inducers, the spatial distribution of
  51. inductive substrata, and the effect of small-scale hydrodynamic processes in modifying the response
  52. of larvae to inductive substrata, and (6) testing of the hypothesis of deep-water recruitment.
  53. " name="eprints.abstract" />
  54. <meta content="1992" name="eprints.date" />
  55. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  56. <meta content="Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research" name="eprints.publication" />
  57. <meta content="43" name="eprints.volume" />
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  64. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF9920611" name="eprints.official_url" />
  65. <meta content="Andrews, J . C. (1983). Water masses, nutrient levels and seasonal drift on the outer central shelf
  66. (Great Barrier Reef). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34, 821-34.
  67. Babcock, R. C., and Mundy, C. N. (1992). Reproductive biology, spawning and field fertilization rates
  68. of Acanthaster planci. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43, 525-34.
  69. Benzie, J. A. H. (1992). Review of the genetics, dispersal and recruitment of crown-of-thorns starfish
  70. (Acanthaster planci). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43, 597-610.
  71. Benzie, J. A. H., and Stoddart, J . A. (1992). Genetic structure of outbreaking and non-outbreaking
  72. crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthasterplanci) populations on the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Biology
  73. (Berlin) 112, 119-30.
  74. Bernstein, B. B., Schroeter, S. C., and Mann, K. H. (1983). Sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droe-
  75. bachiensis) aggregating behaviour investigated by a subtidal multifactorial experiment. Canadian
  76. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 40, 1975-86.
  77. Birkeland, C. (1982). Terrestrial runoff as a cause of outbreaks of Acanthasterplanci (Echinodermata:
  78. Asteroidea). Marine Biology (Berlin) 69, 175-85.
  79. Birkeland, C., and Lucas, J . S. (1990). 'Acanthaster planci: Major Management Problem of Coral
  80. Reefs.' (CRC Press: Boca Raton.)
  81. Birkeland, C., Chia, F. S., and Strathmann, R. R. (1971). Development, substratum selection, delay
  82. of metamorphosis and growth in the seastar, Mediaster aequalis Stimpson. Biological Bulletin
  83. (Woods Hole) 141, 99-108.
  84. Black, K. P., and Moran, P. J. (1991). Influence of hydrodynamics on the passive dispersal and initial
  85. recruitment of larvae of Acanthaster planci (Echinodermata : Asteroidea) on the Great Barrier Reef.
  86. Marine Ecology: Progress Series 69, 55-65.
  87. Black, K. P., Gay, S. L., and Andrews, J. C. (1990). Residence times of neutrally-buoyant matter such
  88. as larvae, sewage or nutrients on coral reefs. Coral Reefs 9, 105-14.
  89. Black, K. P., Moran, P. J., and Hammond, L. S. (1991). Numerical models show coral reefs can be
  90. self-seeding. Marine Ecology: Progress Series 74, 1-11.
  91. Brodie, J. E. (1992). Enhancement of larval and juvenile survival and recruitment in Acanthaster planci
  92. from the effects of terrestrial runoff: a review. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater
  93. Research 43, 539-54.
  94. Chapman, A. R. O., and Johnson, C. R. (1990). Disturbance and organization of macroalgal asemb-
  95. lages in the northwest Atlantic. Hydrobiologia 192, 77-121.
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  97. of Marine and Freshwater Research 38, 671-83.
  98. Conand, C. (1985). Distribution, reproductive cycle and morphometric relationships of Acanthaster
  99. planci (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) in New Caledonia, western tropical Pacific. In 'Echinodermata:
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  116. Ebert, T. A., and Russell, M. P. (1988). Latitudinal variation in size structure of the west coast purple
  117. sea urchin: a correlation with headlands. Limnology and Oceanography 33, 286-94.
  118. Endean, R. (1982). Crown-of-thorns starfish on the Great Barrier Reef. Endeavour (Oxford) 6, 10-14.
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  248. juvenile Acanthaster planci on reefs in a recovery phase. Abstracts of the 6th International Coral
  249. Reef Symposium, p. 1 10.
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  253. " name="eprints.referencetext" />
  254. <meta content="Johnson, Craig R. (1992) Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 43 (3). pp. 611-627. ISSN 0067-1940" name="eprints.citation" />
  255. <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1231/1/johnson.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" />
  256. <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" />
  257. <meta content="Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale" name="DC.title" />
  258. <meta content="Johnson, Craig R." name="DC.creator" />
  259. <meta content="270702 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)" name="DC.subject" />
  260. <meta content="This paper briefly reviews information on settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci in the
  261. Great Barrier Reef (GBR) system, with emphasis on the recent phenomenon of population outbreaks
  262. of the starfish. Observations that recent outbreaks have occurred in two series of activity (1962-77 and
  263. 1979-91 +), each characterized by a southward wave of infestations in the central section of the GBR,
  264. and that outbreaks are not preceded by observable increases in densities of juveniles, have important
  265. implications for settlement and recruitment processes. The pattern of outbreaks indicates that primary
  266. outbreaks occur infrequently and unpredictably in the vicinity of 16 degrees S. However, it is not possible to
  267. assert that primary outbreaks have not occurred elsewhere in the GBR system, and isolated outbreaks
  268. at the southern end of the GBR may be primary events. Present data are insufficient to discern whether
  269. recruitment leading to primary outbreaks is by mass settlement of larvae or aggregation of adult starfish
  270. of various ages. In contrast, evidence indicates strongly that the majority of outbreaks in the system
  271. are secondary infestations as a result of water-borne transport and subsequent mass settlements of
  272. planktonic larvae seeded by other outbreak populations (and initially by populations undergoing primary
  273. outbreaks). The likelihood and pattern of secondary outbreaks is influenced by several parameters
  274. that operate at vastly different scales. These include passive transport of larvae by large-scale circulation
  275. patterns at scales of 10 to the power of 4-10 to the power of 6 m, which can largely account for the southward wave, and substratum
  276. selectivity by larvae at small scales (0-10 to the power of -3 m). The spatial distribution of important cues for larval
  277. settlement (coral rubble and the coralline alga Lithothamnium pseudosorum) suggests that mass
  278. settlements are more likely to occur in deep water at the base of reefs, where they are less likely to
  279. be observed.
  280. Several foci are defined for future research on settlement and recruitment processes. These include
  281. (1) identification of parameters influencing the spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment events
  282. that initiate primary outbreaks, (2) testing of hypotheses relating to dissipation of the southward
  283. movement of outbreaks at about 20 degrees S despite an abundance of reefs in the area supporting high coral
  284. cover, (3) determining the period of competency of larvae for settlement, (4) elucidating the behaviour
  285. of larvae (particularly late brachiolaria) in the water column, (5) further work to identify substrata
  286. inductive of larval settlement and to determine the nature of inducers, the spatial distribution of
  287. inductive substrata, and the effect of small-scale hydrodynamic processes in modifying the response
  288. of larvae to inductive substrata, and (6) testing of the hypothesis of deep-water recruitment.
  289. " name="DC.description" />
  290. <meta content="1992" name="DC.date" />
  291. <meta content="Article" name="DC.type" />
  292. <meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" />
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  403.     <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale</h1>
  404.     <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Johnson, Craig R.</span> (1992) <xhtml:em>Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale.</xhtml:em> Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 43 (3). pp. 611-627. ISSN 0067-1940</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1231/1/johnson.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" border="0" class="ep_doc_icon" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1231/1/johnson.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />891Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input value="1599" name="docid" accept-charset="utf-8" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF9920611">http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF9920611</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">This paper briefly reviews information on settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci in the&#13;
  405. Great Barrier Reef (GBR) system, with emphasis on the recent phenomenon of population outbreaks&#13;
  406. of the starfish. Observations that recent outbreaks have occurred in two series of activity (1962-77 and&#13;
  407. 1979-91 +), each characterized by a southward wave of infestations in the central section of the GBR,&#13;
  408. and that outbreaks are not preceded by observable increases in densities of juveniles, have important&#13;
  409. implications for settlement and recruitment processes. The pattern of outbreaks indicates that primary&#13;
  410. outbreaks occur infrequently and unpredictably in the vicinity of 16 degrees S. However, it is not possible to&#13;
  411. assert that primary outbreaks have not occurred elsewhere in the GBR system, and isolated outbreaks&#13;
  412. at the southern end of the GBR may be primary events. Present data are insufficient to discern whether&#13;
  413. recruitment leading to primary outbreaks is by mass settlement of larvae or aggregation of adult starfish&#13;
  414. of various ages. In contrast, evidence indicates strongly that the majority of outbreaks in the system&#13;
  415. are secondary infestations as a result of water-borne transport and subsequent mass settlements of&#13;
  416. planktonic larvae seeded by other outbreak populations (and initially by populations undergoing primary&#13;
  417. outbreaks). The likelihood and pattern of secondary outbreaks is influenced by several parameters&#13;
  418. that operate at vastly different scales. These include passive transport of larvae by large-scale circulation&#13;
  419. patterns at scales of 10 to the power of 4-10 to the power of 6 m, which can largely account for the southward wave, and substratum&#13;
  420. selectivity by larvae at small scales (0-10 to the power of -3 m). The spatial distribution of important cues for larval&#13;
  421. settlement (coral rubble and the coralline alga Lithothamnium pseudosorum) suggests that mass&#13;
  422. settlements are more likely to occur in deep water at the base of reefs, where they are less likely to&#13;
  423. be observed.&#13;
  424. Several foci are defined for future research on settlement and recruitment processes. These include&#13;
  425. (1) identification of parameters influencing the spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment events&#13;
  426. that initiate primary outbreaks, (2) testing of hypotheses relating to dissipation of the southward&#13;
  427. movement of outbreaks at about 20 degrees S despite an abundance of reefs in the area supporting high coral&#13;
  428. cover, (3) determining the period of competency of larvae for settlement, (4) elucidating the behaviour&#13;
  429. of larvae (particularly late brachiolaria) in the water column, (5) further work to identify substrata&#13;
  430. inductive of larval settlement and to determine the nature of inducers, the spatial distribution of&#13;
  431. inductive substrata, and the effect of small-scale hydrodynamic processes in modifying the response&#13;
  432. of larvae to inductive substrata, and (6) testing of the hypothesis of deep-water recruitment.&#13;
  433. </p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" border="0" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Definitive version available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=MF9920611</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270702.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270700 Ecology and Evolution &gt; 270702 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Collections:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">UNSPECIFIED</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1231</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Professor Craig R. Johnson</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">24 Jun 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">04 Feb 2008 17:25</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1231;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=1231">item control page</a></p>
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