<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>UTas ePrints - Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script>
<style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style>
<style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style>
<link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" />
<link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" />
<meta content="Garrety, Karin" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Robertson, Paul L." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Badham, Richard" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="Paul.Robertson@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="article" name="eprints.type" />
<meta content="2007-07-23" name="eprints.datestamp" />
<meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" />
<meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" />
<meta content="Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects " name="eprints.title" />
<meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
<meta content="350208" name="eprints.subjects" />
<meta content="350211" name="eprints.subjects" />
<meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" />
<meta content="Managing projects; teams; culture; technology; innovation; communities of practice
" name="eprints.keywords" />
<meta content="Development projects usually benefit when expertise is drawn from diverse sources, including potential users. Orchestrating the involvement of disparate groups requires finding a balance between differentiation, when teams work separately, and integration, when groups meet to exchange knowledge. This paper argues that a "community of practice" perspective can help project managers achieve this balance, by drawing attention to the assumptions, interests, skills, and formal and tacit knowledge of the different groups involved. Using a case study as illustration, we show that integration can be achieved by ensuring that the developing technology is comprehensible to all groups concerned, and that it satisfies their various interests." name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2004-07" name="eprints.date" />
<meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
<meta content="International Journal of Project Management" name="eprints.publication" />
<meta content="22" name="eprints.volume" />
<meta content="5" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="351-358" name="eprints.pagerange" />
<meta content="10.1016/j.ijproman.2003.08.003" name="eprints.id_number" />
<meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" />
<meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
<meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2003.08.003" name="eprints.official_url" />
<meta content=" [1] Brusoni S, Prencipe A. Unpacking the black box of modularity:
technologies, products and organizations. Ind Corporate Change
2001;10(1):179-205.
[2] Brusoni S, Prencipe A, Pavitt K. Knowledge specialization,
organizational coupling, and the boundaries of the firm: Why do
firms know more than they make? Admin Sci Quart 2001;46(4):
597-621.
[3] Nidumolu SR, Subramani M, Aldrich A. Situated learning and
the situated knowledge web: exploring the ground beneath
knowledge management. J Manage Inf Syst 2001;18(1):115-50.
[4] Lave J, Wenger E. Situated learning: legitimate peripheral
participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1992.
[5] Wenger E. Communities of practice: learning, meaning, and
identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998.
[6] Brown JS, Duguid P. The social life of information. Boston:
Harvard Business School Press; 2000.
[7] Wenger E, McDermott R, Snyder WM. Cultivating communities
of practice: a guide to managing knowledge. Boston: Harvard
Business School Press; 2002.
[8] Davis RC. The fundamentals of top management. New York:
Harper and Brothers, 1951 [quoted in Cleland DI. Project
management: Strategic design and implementation. 3rd ed. New
York: McGraw-Hill; 1999, p. 3].
[9] Meredith JR, Mantel JS. Project management: a managerial
approach. New York: Wiley; 1995. p. 7.
[10] Hughes TP. Rescuing prometheus. New York: Pantheon; 1998.
[11] Hobday M. The project-based organisation: an ideal form for
managing complex products and systems? Res Policy 2000;29:871-
93.
[12] Thompson JD. Organizations in action: social science bases of
administrative theory. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1967.
[13] Stalk G, Hout TM. competing against time: How time-based
competition is reshaping global markets. New York: Free Press;
1990.
[14] Womack JP, Jones DT, Roos D. The machine that changed the
world. New York: Rawson Associates; 1990.
[15] Kodama F. Emerging patterns of innovation: sources of Japan
technological edge. Harvard Business School Press; 1995.
[16] Fransman M. Japan
the evolution of industrial giants and global competitiveness.
Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1995.
[17] Smith PG, Reinertsen DG. Developing products in half the time:
new rules, new tools. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1998.
[18] von Krogh G, Ichijo K, Nonaka I. Enabling knowledge creation:
How to unlock the mystery of tacit knowledge and release
the power of innovation. New York: Oxford University Press;
2000.
[19] Wong WLP, Radcliffe DF. The tacit nature of design knowledge.
Technol Anal Strat Manage 2000;13(4):93-112.
[20] Berg M. The politics of technology: on bringing social theory into
technological design. Sci Technol Hum Values 1998;22(4):456-90.
[21] Chumg CA. Human issues influencing the successful implemen-
tation of advanced manufacturing technology. J Eng Technol
Manage 1996;13:283-99.
[22] Friedman AL, Cornford DS. Computer systems development:
history, organization and implementation. New York: John Wiley
and Sons; 1989.
[23] Leonard-Barton D. Wellsprings of knowledge: building and
sustaining the sources of innovation. Boston: Harvard Business
School Press; 1995.
[24] Langlois RN, Cosgel MM. The organization of consumption. In:
Bianchi M, editor. The active consumer: novelty and surprise in
consumer choice. London: Routledge; 1998. p. 107-21.
[25] Hansen MT. The search-transfer problem: the role of weak ties in
sharing knowledge across organization subunits. Admin Sci Quart
1999;44:82-111.
[26] Quinn JB, Baruch JJ, Zien KA. Innovation explosion: using
intellect and software to revolutionize growth strategies. New
York: Free Press; 1997.
[27] Lawrence PR, Lorsch JW. Organization and environment: man-
aging differentiation and integration. Boston: Division of Re-
search, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard
University; 1967.
[28] Chandler AD. Strategy and structure: chapters in the history of
industrial enterprise. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 1962.
[29] Galbraith J. Designing complex organizations. Reading, MA:
Addison-Wesley; 1973.
[30] Wheelwright SC, Clark KB. Revolutionizing product develop-
ment: quantum leaps in speed, efficiency, and quality. New York:
The Free Press; 1992.
[31] Clark KB, Fujimoto T. Product development performance:
strategy, organization, and management in the world auto
industry. Boston: Harvard Business School Press; 1991.
[32] Miller R, Lessard DR. Rising to the challenge of evolving high-
stakes games. In: Miller R, Lessard DR, editors. The strategic
management of large engineering projects: Shaping institutions,
risks, and governance. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 2000. p. 197-
210.
[33] Eden C, Huxham C. Action research for the study of organiza-
tions. In: Eden Clegg SR, Huxham Hardy C, Nord WR, editors.
Handbook of organizational studies. London: Sage Publications;
1996. p. 526-42.
[34] Valckenaers P, Van Brussel H, Bongaerts L, Wyns J. Holonic
manufacturing systems. Integr Comput-Aid Eng 1997;4:191-
201.
[35] Ehn P. Work-oriented design of computer artifacts. Stockholm:
Arbetslivscentrum; 1988.
[36] Grote G, Weik S, Wafler T, Zolch M. Criteria for the comple-
mentary allocation of functions in automated work systems and
their use in simultaneous engineering projects. Int J Ind Ergonom
1995;16:376-82.
[37] Badham R, Garrety K, Kirsch C. Humanistic redesign and
technological politics in organisations. J Organizational Change
Manage 2001;14(1):50-63.
[38] Garrety K, Badham R. The politics of socio-technical interven-
tion: an interactionist view. Technol Anal Strat Manage 2000;
12(1):103-18.
[39] Garrety K, Badham RJ. User-centred design and the normative
politics of technology. Sci Tech Hum Values 2004;29(2).
[40] Star SL, Griesemer JR. Institutional ecology, translations and
boundary objects: Amateurs and professionals in Berkeley
museum of vertebrate zoology, 1907-1939. Soc Stud Sci 1989;19:
387-420.
[41] von Hippel E. The sources of innovation. New York: Oxford University Press; 1988." name="eprints.referencetext" />
<meta content="Garrety, Karin and Robertson, Paul L. and Badham, Richard (2004) Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects. International Journal of Project Management, 22 (5). pp. 351-358." name="eprints.citation" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1437/1/PR7.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" />
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" />
<meta content="Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects " name="DC.title" />
<meta content="Garrety, Karin" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="Robertson, Paul L." name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="Badham, Richard" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="350208 Organisational Planning and Management" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="350211 Innovation and Technology Management" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="Development projects usually benefit when expertise is drawn from diverse sources, including potential users. Orchestrating the involvement of disparate groups requires finding a balance between differentiation, when teams work separately, and integration, when groups meet to exchange knowledge. This paper argues that a "community of practice" perspective can help project managers achieve this balance, by drawing attention to the assumptions, interests, skills, and formal and tacit knowledge of the different groups involved. Using a case study as illustration, we show that integration can be achieved by ensuring that the developing technology is comprehensible to all groups concerned, and that it satisfies their various interests." name="DC.description" />
<meta content="2004-07" name="DC.date" />
<meta content="Article" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="application/pdf" name="DC.format" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1437/1/PR7.pdf" name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2003.08.003" name="DC.relation" />
<meta content="Garrety, Karin and Robertson, Paul L. and Badham, Richard (2004) Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects. International Journal of Project Management, 22 (5). pp. 351-358." name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1437/" name="DC.relation" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/BibTeX/epprod-eprint-1437.bib" title="BibTeX" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/ContextObject/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="OpenURL ContextObject" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/ContextObject::Dissertation/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="OpenURL Dissertation" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/ContextObject::Journal/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="OpenURL Journal" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/DC/epprod-eprint-1437.txt" title="Dublin Core" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/DIDL/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="DIDL" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/EndNote/epprod-eprint-1437.enw" title="EndNote" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/HTML/epprod-eprint-1437.html" title="HTML Citation" type="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/METS/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="METS" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/MODS/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="MODS" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/RIS/epprod-eprint-1437.ris" title="Reference Manager" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/Refer/epprod-eprint-1437.refer" title="Refer" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/Simple/epprod-eprint-1437text" title="Simple Metadata" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/Text/epprod-eprint-1437.txt" title="ASCII Citation" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1437/XML/epprod-eprint-1437.xml" title="EP3 XML" type="text/xml" />
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" onLoad="loadRoutine(); MM_preloadImages('images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif')">
<div class="ep_noprint"><noscript><style type="text/css">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/nojs.css);</style></noscript></div>
<table width="795" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td><script language="JavaScript1.2">mmLoadMenus();</script>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="795">
<!-- fwtable fwsrc="eprints_banner_final2.png" fwbase="ePrints_banner.gif" fwstyle="Dreamweaver" fwdocid = "1249563342" fwnested="0" -->
<tr>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="104" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="44" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="105" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="41" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="16" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="82" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="69" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="98" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="12"><img name="ePrints_banner_r1_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r1_c1.gif" width="795" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="6"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c1.gif" width="32" height="118" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td rowspan="5"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c2.gif" width="104" height="103" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td colspan="10"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c3.gif" width="659" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c3.gif" width="190" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="7"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c6" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c6.gif" width="469" height="37" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><img name="ePrints_banner_r4_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r4_c3.gif" width="190" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c3.gif" width="149" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/information.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821132634_0,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c5');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c5','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c5" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5.gif" width="57" height="25" border="0" alt="About" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/view/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133021_1,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c7');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c7','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c7" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Browse" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/search/simple" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133201_2,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c8');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c8','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c8" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Search" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/register" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout();" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_1018171924_3,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c9');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c9','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c9" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="register" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/users/home" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133422_4,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c10');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c10','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c10" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10.gif" width="82" height="25" border="0" alt="user area" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/help/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133514_5,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c11');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c11','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c11" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11.gif" width="69" height="25" border="0" alt="Help" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="3" colspan="4"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c12" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c12.gif" width="98" height="40" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c3.gif" width="44" height="39" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></td>
<td><a href="/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r6_c4','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4.gif" width="105" height="24" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></a></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="24" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c2.gif" width="104" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td colspan="8"><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c4.gif" width="517" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><table width="100%" style="font-size: 90%; border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr>
<td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td>
<td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap">
<form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline">
<input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" />
<input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" />
<input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" />
<input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" />
<input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" />
</form>
</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" -->
<div align="center">
<table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left">
<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Garrety, Karin</span> and <span class="person_name">Robertson, Paul L.</span> and <span class="person_name">Badham, Richard</span> (2004) <xhtml:em>Integrating communities of practice in technology development projects.</xhtml:em> International Journal of Project Management, 22 (5). pp. 351-358.</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1437/1/PR7.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1437/1/PR7.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />181Kb</td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2003.08.003">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2003.08.003</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Development projects usually benefit when expertise is drawn from diverse sources, including potential users. Orchestrating the involvement of disparate groups requires finding a balance between differentiation, when teams work separately, and integration, when groups meet to exchange knowledge. This paper argues that a "community of practice" perspective can help project managers achieve this balance, by drawing attention to the assumptions, interests, skills, and formal and tacit knowledge of the different groups involved. Using a case study as illustration, we show that integration can be achieved by ensuring that the developing technology is comprehensible to all groups concerned, and that it satisfies their various interests.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Managing projects; teams; culture; technology; innovation; communities of practice
</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/350208.html">350000 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services > 350200 Business and Management > 350208 Organisational Planning and Management</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/350211.html">350000 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services > 350200 Business and Management > 350211 Innovation and Technology Management</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1437</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Ms Sophie Jerrim</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">23 Jul 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1437;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1437">item control page</a></p>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" -->
<table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer">
<tr valign="top">
<td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br />
© University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br />
<a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright & Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a> </td>
<td width="32%"><div align="right">
<p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p>
<p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br />
</a></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td><p> </p></td>
<td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- #EndLibraryItem -->
<div align="center"></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
