<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>UTas ePrints - Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script> <style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style> <style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style> <link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" /> <link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" /> <meta content="Keen, D." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Sigafoos, J." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="Woodyatt, G." name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="article" name="eprints.type" /> <meta content="2007-08-23" name="eprints.datestamp" /> <meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" /> <meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" /> <meta content="Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication" name="eprints.title" /> <meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" /> <meta content="339999" name="eprints.subjects" /> <meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" /> <meta content="Prelinguistic behaviors; functional communication training; autism." name="eprints.keywords" /> <meta content="The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com" name="eprints.note" /> <meta content="This study evaluated the effectiveness of a teacher-implemented intervention package designed to replace prelinguistic behaviors with functional communication. Four young children with autism participated in a multiple-probe design across three communicative functions. Initially, three existing communication functions were selected for each child. Next, the existing prelinguistic behaviors that the children used to achieve these functions were identified. Replacement forms that were considered more recognizable and symbolic were defined to achieve these same functions. After a baseline phase, teachers received inservice training, consultation, and feedback on how to encourage, acknowledge, and respond to the replacement forms. During intervention, the replacement forms increased and prelinguistic behaviors decreased in most cases. The results suggested that the teacher-implemented intervention was effective in replacing prelinguistic behaviors with alternative forms of functional communication." name="eprints.abstract" /> <meta content="2001-08" name="eprints.date" /> <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" /> <meta content="Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders" name="eprints.publication" /> <meta content="31" name="eprints.volume" /> <meta content="4" name="eprints.number" /> <meta content="385-398" name="eprints.pagerange" /> <meta content="10.1023/A:1010612618969" name="eprints.id_number" /> <meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" /> <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" /> <meta content="0162-3257" name="eprints.issn" /> <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010612618969" name="eprints.official_url" /> <meta content="American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Baird, S., Mayfield, P., & Baker, P. (1997). Mothers' interpretations of the behaviour of their infants with visual and other impairments during interactions. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 91, 467-483. Bruininks, R. H., Woodcock, R. W., Weatherman, R. F., & Hill, B. K. (1984). Scales of independent behavior. Allen, TX: DLM Teaching Resources. Bzoch, K., & League, R. (1991). Receptive-Expressive Emergent Language Scale (2nd ed.), Austin, TX: Pro-Ed. Carr, E., & Durand, M. (1985). Reducing behavior problems through functional communication training. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 111-126. Carr, E., & Kemp, D. (1989). Functional equivalence of autistic leading and communicative pointing: Analysis and treatment. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19, 561-578. Downing, J. E., & Siegel Causey, E. (1988). Enhancing the nonsymbolic communicative behavior of children with multiple impairments. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 19, 338-348. Drasgow, E., & Halle, J. (1995). Teaching social communication to young children with severe disabilities. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 15, 164-186. Drasgow, E., Halle, J., & Ostrosky, M. (1998). Effects of differential reinforcement on the generalization of a replacement mand in three children with severe language delays. Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis, 31, 357-374. Durand, V. M. (1993). Functional communication training using assistive devices: Effects on challenging behavior and affect. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 9, 168-176. Durand, V. M., & Carr, E. G. (1991). Functional communication training to reduce challenging behavior: Maintenance and application in new settings. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 251-264. Einfeld, S. L., & Tonge, B. J. (1994). Developmental Behaviour Checklist. Melbourne, Australia: Monash University. Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1995). Meaningful differences in the everyday experience of young American children. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes. Haynes, W. (1998). Caretaker-child interaction. In W. Haynes & B. Shulman (Eds.), Communication development: Foundations, processes and clinical applications (pp. 73-100). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. Horner, R. D., & Baer, D. M. (1978). Multiple-probe technique: A variation of the multiple-baseline. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 189-196. Horner, R. H., & Day, H. M. (1991). The effects of response efficiency on functionally equivalent competing behaviors. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 719-732. Houghton, J., Bronicki, G. J., & Guess, D. (1987). Opportunities to express preferences and make choices among students with severe disabilities in classroom settings. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 12, 18-27. Kasari, C., Sigman, M., Mundy, P., & Yirmiya, N. (1988). Caregiver interactions with autistic children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 16, 45-56. Lambert, N. M., & Windmiller, M. B. (1981). AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale-school edition. Washington, DC: American Association on Mental Deficiency. Lim, L., Browder, D., & Sigafoos, J. (1998). The role of response effort and motion study in functionally equivalent task designs and alternatives. Journal of Behavioral Education, 8, 81-102. Mirenda, P. (1997). Supporting individuals with challenging behavior through functional communication training and AAC: Research review. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 398 Keen, Sigafoos, and Woodyatt 13, 207-225. Reichle, J. (1997). Communication intervention with persons who have severe disabilities. Journal of Special Education, 31, 110-134. Reichle, J., Halle, J., & Johnston, S. (1993). Developing an initial communicative repertoire: Application and issues for persons with severe disabilities. In A. P. Kaiser & D. B. Gray (Eds.), Enhancing children's communication: Research foundations for intervention (pp. 105-136). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes. Sailor, W., & Mix, B. (1975). The Topeka Association for Retarded Citizens Assessment System. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed. Schuler, A., & Prizant, B. (1987). Facilitating communication: Prelanguage approaches. In D. Cohen & A. Donnellan (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders. New York: Wiley. Siegel-Causey, E., & Guess, D. (1989). Enhancing nonsymbolic communication interactions among learners with severe disabilities. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes. Sigafoos, J., Woodyatt, G., Keen, D., Tait, K., Tucker, M., Roberts- Pennell, D., & Pittendreigh, N. (2000). Identifying potential communicative acts in children with developmental and physical disabilities. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 21, 77-86. Watson, L. R. (1998). Following the child's lead: Mother's interactions with children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 51-59. Wetherby, A., & Prizant, B. (1992a). Facilitating language and communication development in autism: Assessment and intervention guidelines. In D. Berkell (Ed.), Autism: Identification, education and treatment (pp. 107-134). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Erlbaum. Wetherby, A., & Prizant, B. (1992b). Profiling young children's communicative competence. In S. Warren & J. Reichle (Eds.), Causes and effects in communication and language intervention (Vol. 1, pp. 217-253). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes." name="eprints.referencetext" /> <meta content="Keen, D. and Sigafoos, J. and Woodyatt, G. (2001) Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31 (4). pp. 385-398. ISSN 0162-3257" name="eprints.citation" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1665/1/1SigRQF.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" /> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /> <meta content="Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication" name="DC.title" /> <meta content="Keen, D." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Sigafoos, J." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="Woodyatt, G." name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="339999 Other Education" name="DC.subject" /> <meta content="This study evaluated the effectiveness of a teacher-implemented intervention package designed to replace prelinguistic behaviors with functional communication. Four young children with autism participated in a multiple-probe design across three communicative functions. Initially, three existing communication functions were selected for each child. Next, the existing prelinguistic behaviors that the children used to achieve these functions were identified. Replacement forms that were considered more recognizable and symbolic were defined to achieve these same functions. After a baseline phase, teachers received inservice training, consultation, and feedback on how to encourage, acknowledge, and respond to the replacement forms. During intervention, the replacement forms increased and prelinguistic behaviors decreased in most cases. The results suggested that the teacher-implemented intervention was effective in replacing prelinguistic behaviors with alternative forms of functional communication." name="DC.description" /> <meta content="2001-08" name="DC.date" /> <meta content="Article" name="DC.type" /> <meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" /> <meta content="application/pdf" name="DC.format" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1665/1/1SigRQF.pdf" name="DC.identifier" /> <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010612618969" name="DC.relation" /> <meta content="Keen, D. and Sigafoos, J. and Woodyatt, G. (2001) Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31 (4). pp. 385-398. ISSN 0162-3257" name="DC.identifier" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1665/" name="DC.relation" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/BibTeX/epprod-eprint-1665.bib" title="BibTeX" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/ContextObject/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="OpenURL ContextObject" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/ContextObject::Dissertation/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="OpenURL Dissertation" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/ContextObject::Journal/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="OpenURL Journal" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/DC/epprod-eprint-1665.txt" title="Dublin Core" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/DIDL/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="DIDL" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/EndNote/epprod-eprint-1665.enw" title="EndNote" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/HTML/epprod-eprint-1665.html" title="HTML Citation" type="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/METS/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="METS" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/MODS/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="MODS" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/RIS/epprod-eprint-1665.ris" title="Reference Manager" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/Refer/epprod-eprint-1665.refer" title="Refer" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/Simple/epprod-eprint-1665text" title="Simple Metadata" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/Text/epprod-eprint-1665.txt" title="ASCII Citation" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1665/XML/epprod-eprint-1665.xml" title="EP3 XML" type="text/xml" /> </head> <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" onLoad="loadRoutine(); MM_preloadImages('images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif')"> <div class="ep_noprint"><noscript><style type="text/css">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/nojs.css);</style></noscript></div> <table width="795" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td><script language="JavaScript1.2">mmLoadMenus();</script> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="795"> <!-- fwtable fwsrc="eprints_banner_final2.png" fwbase="ePrints_banner.gif" fwstyle="Dreamweaver" fwdocid = "1249563342" fwnested="0" --> <tr> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="104" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="44" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="105" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="41" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="16" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="82" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="69" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="98" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="12"><img name="ePrints_banner_r1_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r1_c1.gif" width="795" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c1.gif" width="32" height="118" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c2.gif" width="104" height="103" border="0" alt="" /></a></td> <td colspan="10"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c3.gif" width="659" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c3.gif" width="190" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2" colspan="7"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c6" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c6.gif" width="469" height="37" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><img name="ePrints_banner_r4_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r4_c3.gif" width="190" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c3.gif" width="149" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/information.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821132634_0,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c5');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c5','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c5" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5.gif" width="57" height="25" border="0" alt="About" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/view/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133021_1,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c7');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c7','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c7" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Browse" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/search/simple" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133201_2,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c8');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c8','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c8" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Search" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/register" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout();" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_1018171924_3,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c9');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c9','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c9" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="register" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/users/home" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133422_4,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c10');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c10','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c10" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10.gif" width="82" height="25" border="0" alt="user area" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/help/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133514_5,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c11');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c11','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c11" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11.gif" width="69" height="25" border="0" alt="Help" /></a></td> <td rowspan="3" colspan="4"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c12" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c12.gif" width="98" height="40" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c3.gif" width="44" height="39" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></td> <td><a href="/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r6_c4','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4.gif" width="105" height="24" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></a></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="24" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c2.gif" width="104" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td colspan="8"><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c4.gif" width="517" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr><td><table width="100%" style="font-size: 90%; border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr> <td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td> <td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap"> <form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline"> <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" /> <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" /> <input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" /> <input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" /> <input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" /> </form> </td> </tr></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" --> <div align="center"> <table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left"> <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication</h1> <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Keen, D.</span> and <span class="person_name">Sigafoos, J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Woodyatt, G.</span> (2001) <xhtml:em>Replacing prelinguistic behaviours with functional communication.</xhtml:em> Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31 (4). pp. 385-398. ISSN 0162-3257</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1665/1/1SigRQF.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1665/1/1SigRQF.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />101Kb</td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010612618969">http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010612618969</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">This study evaluated the effectiveness of a teacher-implemented intervention package designed to replace prelinguistic behaviors with functional communication. Four young children with autism participated in a multiple-probe design across three communicative functions. Initially, three existing communication functions were selected for each child. Next, the existing prelinguistic behaviors that the children used to achieve these functions were identified. Replacement forms that were considered more recognizable and symbolic were defined to achieve these same functions. After a baseline phase, teachers received inservice training, consultation, and feedback on how to encourage, acknowledge, and respond to the replacement forms. During intervention, the replacement forms increased and prelinguistic behaviors decreased in most cases. The results suggested that the teacher-implemented intervention was effective in replacing prelinguistic behaviors with alternative forms of functional communication.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Prelinguistic behaviors; functional communication training; autism.</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/339999.html">330000 Education > 339900 Other Education > 339999 Other Education</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1665</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mrs Anita Cubit</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">23 Aug 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1665;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1665">item control page</a></p> </td></tr></table> </div> <!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td> </tr> <tr> <td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" --> <table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer"> <tr valign="top"> <td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br /> © University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br /> <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright & Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a> </td> <td width="32%"><div align="right"> <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p> <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br /> </a></p> </div></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><p> </p></td> <td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td> </tr> </table> <!-- #EndLibraryItem --> <div align="center"></div></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>