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<title>UTas ePrints - Geology, Mineralization, Alteration, and Structural Evolution of the El Teniente Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit</title>
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<meta content="Cannell, J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Cooke, D.R." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Walshe, J.L." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Stein, Holly J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="j_cann@yahoo.com" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="David.Cooke@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
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<meta content="2007-09-19" name="eprints.datestamp" />
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<meta content="Geology, Mineralization, Alteration, and Structural Evolution of the El Teniente Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit" name="eprints.title" />
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<meta content="El Teniente is a typical porphyry Cu-Mo deposit-in terms of its alteration and sulfide assemblage zonation,
association with felsic intrusions, and predominance of quartz vein-hosted copper mineralization. It is anomalous
in size, with >94 million metric tons (Mt) of contained fine copper making it the worlds largest known
porphyry Cu deposit. There is an intimate spatial and temporal association between all stages of mineralization
and latest Miocene to early Pliocene felsic intrusions at Teniente.
Most of the copper was emplaced during the late magmatic stage (5.9-4.9 Ma), contemporaneously with intrusion
of the dacite porphyry dike and dacite pipes into a mafic to intermediate sill-stock complex. Mineralization
of the late magmatic stage is mainly hosted by a quartz-anhydrite-dominated stockwork associated with
K-feldspar alteration in the dacites and Na-K-feldspar, biotite, and propylitic alteration of the mafic intrusive
package. Minor copper-mineralized hydrothermal biotite-cemented breccias formed at this time. The late
magmatic stage was followed by two stages of mineralized phyllic alteration, referred to as the principal hydrothermal
(4.9-4.8 Ma) and late hydrothermal (4.8-4.4 Ma) stages, during which thicker, Cu-rich veins were
emplaced. A 1,200-m-wide breccia pipe, the Braden Breccia, formed during the late hydrothermal stage and
appears to have destroyed a large amount of ore from the center of the deposit.
The late magmatic and principal hydrothermal vein stages have predominantly concentric and radial vein
orientations centered on the Braden Pipe. Most of the concentric veins are shallowly dipping, whereas the radial
veins are subvertical. We present a model in which vein distributions were controlled by the local stress
regime generated by the intrusion of a large, deep magma chamber that is interpreted to be the source of the
dacites, the Braden Pipe, and ultimately, the copper and molybdenum mineralization. The late hydrothermal
veins are steeply inward dipping and concentric to the Braden Pipe. In contrast to the late magmatic and principal
hydrothermal vein stages, radial veins and shallow-dipping concentric veins are rare, consistent with formation
during a stage of subsidence due to relaxation of intrusion-induced stresses. Resurgence of the magma
chamber reactivated the steep concentric structures in a reverse sense, and a build up of magmatic and/or fluid
pressure resulted in explosive brecciation and fluidization, producing the Braden Pipe. A predominantly late set of northeast-trending faults, associated with movements on the district-scale Teniente fault zone, is the only evidence for far-field stresses exceeding local stresses in the deposit." name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2005" name="eprints.date" />
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<meta content="Economic Geology" name="eprints.publication" />
<meta content="100" name="eprints.volume" />
<meta content="5" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="979-1003" name="eprints.pagerange" />
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<meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" />
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<meta content="0361-0128" name="eprints.issn" />
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<meta content="Acocella, V., Cifelli, F., and Funiciello, R., 2000, Analogue models of collapse calderas and resurgent domes: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,
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Burnham, C.W., 1979, Magmas and hydrothermal fluids, in Barnes, H.L., ed., Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits: New York, Wiley-Interscience, p. 71-136.
Camus, F., 1975, Geology of the El Teniente orebody with emphasis on wallrock alteration: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 70, p. 1341-1372.
Camus, F., 2002, The Andean porphyry systems: Hobart, Tasmania, University of Tasmania, CODES Special Publication 4, p. 1-38.
Cannell, J., 2004, El Teniente porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit, central Chile: Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Hobart, University of Tasmania, 317 p.
Cannell, J., Cooke, D.R., Stein, H.J., and Markey, R.J., 2003, New paragenetically constrained Re-Os molybdenite ages for El Teniente Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, central Chile [abs]: Society for Geology Applied to mineral Deposits (SGA), Athens, 2003, Abstracts with Programs, v. 1, p.
255-258.
Charrier, R., Baeza, O., Elgueta, S., Flynn, J.J., Gans, P., Kay, S.M., Munoz, N., Wyss, A.R., and Zurita, E., 2002, Evidence for Cenozoic extensional basin development and tectonic inversion south of the flat-slab segment,
southern central Andes, Chile (33degrees-36degrees S.L.): Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 15, p. 117-139.
Cuadra, P., 1986, Geocronologia K-Ar del yacimiento El Teniente y areas adyacentes: Revista Geologica de Chile, v. 27, p. 3-26.
Duarte, P.O., 2000, Caracterizacion geologica y geotecnica del porfido dacitico El Teniente: Unpublished Honours thesis, Santiago, Universidad de Chile, 80 p.
Engel, A.E., and Engel, C.G., 1960, Progressive metamorphism and granitization of the major paragneiss, northwest Adirondack Mountains, New York: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 71, p. 1-57.
Faunes, A., 1981, Caracterizacion de la mineralogiÃÂÃÂa metalica y alteracion en un sector del Stock Tonalitico del yacimiento El Teniente: Unpublished Honours thesis, Santiago, Universidad de Chile, 175 p.
Garrido, I., Riveros, M., Cladouhos, T., Espineira, D., and Allmendinger, R., 1994, Modelo geologico estructural del yacimiento El Teniente: Congreso Geologico Chileno, 7th, Concepcion, 1994, Actas, v. 2, p. 1553-1558.
Garwin, S., 2002, The geological setting of intrusion-related hydrothermal systems near the Batu Hijau porphyry Cu-Au deposit, Sumbawa, Indonesia: Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication 9, p. 333-366.
Godoy, E., Yanez, G., and Vera, E., 1999, Inversion of an Oligocene volcanotectonic basin and uplifting of its superimposed Miocene magmatic arc in the Chilean Central Andes: First seismic and gravity evidences: Tectonophysics,
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Heidrick, T.L., and Titley, S.R., 1982, Fracture and dike patterns in Laramide plutons and their structural and tectonic implications; American Southwest, in Titley S.R., ed., Advances in geology of porphyry Cu deposits,
southwestern North America: Tucson, University of Arizona Press, p. 73-91.
Holliday, J.R., Wilson, A.J., Blevin, P.L., Tedder, I.J., Dunham, P.D., and Pfitzner, M., 2002, Porphyry Au-copper mineralization in the Cadia district, eastern Lachlan fold belt, New South Wales, and its relationship to shoshonitic magmatism: Mineralium Deposita, v. 37, p. 100-116.
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Economic Geologists Special Publication 7, p. 27-59.
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Le Bel, L., 1979, Magmatic and hydrothermal micas in the environment of the Cerro Verde-Santa Rosa porphyry Cu, Peru, in Robert, J. L., ed., Les Micas; Chimie et cristallochimie: Paris, Masson, p. 35-41.
Lindgren, W., and Bastin, E.S., 1922, Geology of the Braden mine, Rancagua, Chile: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 17, p. 863-905.
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Maksaev, V., Munizaga, F., McWilliams, M., Fanning, M., Mathur, R., Ruiz, J., and Thiele, K., 2002, El Teniente porphyry Cu deposit in the Chilean Andes: New geochronological time frame and duration of hydrothermal activity [abs]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 34, no. 6, p 336.
Maksaev, V., Munizaga, F., McWilliams, M., Fanning, M., Mathur, R., Ruiz, J., and Zentilli, M., 2004, New chronology for El Teniente, Chilean Andes, from U-Pb, 40Ar/39Ar, Re-Os, and fission-track dating: Implications for the evolution of a supergiant porphyry Cu-Mo deposit: Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication 11, p. 15-54.
Ossandon, G., 1974, Petrografay alteracion del Porfido Dacitico, yacimiento El Teniente: Unpublished honours thesis, Santiago, Universidad de Chile, 112 p.
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Rivera, O., and Cembrano, J., 2000, Modelo de formacion de cuencas volcano-tectonicas en zonas de transferencia oblicuas a la cadena Andina: el caso de las cuencas Oligo-Miocenos de Chile central y su relacion con estructuras WNW-NW (33 degrees 00'-34 degrees 30' LS) [abs]: Congresso Geologico Chileno, 9th, Puerto Varas, Chile, 2000, Actas, 5 p.
Rivera, O., and Falcon, M., 2000, Las Formaciones Farellones, Coya-Machali y Abanico en los aldredores del yacimiento El Teniente: Sequencias de cuencas volcano-tectonicas transversales del Oligo-Mioceno
de Chile central (33 degrees 45'-34 degrees 30' LS): Congresso Geologico Chileno, 9th, Puerto Varas, Chile, 2000, Actas, 5 p.
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yacimiento El Teniente, Provincia de Cachapoal, VI Region, Chile: Unpublished Honours thesis, Concepcion, Universidad de Concepcion, 118 p.
Rytuba, J.J., 1994, Evolution of volcanic and tectonic features in caldera settings and their importance in localization of ore deposits: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY,
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299-332.
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Tosdal, R.M., and Richards, J.P., 2001, Magmatic and structural controls on the development of porphyry Cu plus or minus Mo plus or minus Au deposits: Reviews in Economic
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Zuniga, P., 1982, Alteracion y mineralizacion hipogenas en el sector oeste del yacimiento El Teniente: Unpublished Honours thesis, Santiago, Universidad de Chile, 107 p." name="eprints.referencetext" />
<meta content="Cannell, J. and Cooke, D.R. and Walshe, J.L. and Stein, Holly J. (2005) Geology, Mineralization, Alteration, and Structural Evolution of the El Teniente Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit. Economic Geology, 100 (5). pp. 979-1003. ISSN 0361-0128" name="eprints.citation" />
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<meta content="Cannell, J." name="DC.creator" />
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<meta content="El Teniente is a typical porphyry Cu-Mo deposit-in terms of its alteration and sulfide assemblage zonation,
association with felsic intrusions, and predominance of quartz vein-hosted copper mineralization. It is anomalous
in size, with >94 million metric tons (Mt) of contained fine copper making it the worlds largest known
porphyry Cu deposit. There is an intimate spatial and temporal association between all stages of mineralization
and latest Miocene to early Pliocene felsic intrusions at Teniente.
Most of the copper was emplaced during the late magmatic stage (5.9-4.9 Ma), contemporaneously with intrusion
of the dacite porphyry dike and dacite pipes into a mafic to intermediate sill-stock complex. Mineralization
of the late magmatic stage is mainly hosted by a quartz-anhydrite-dominated stockwork associated with
K-feldspar alteration in the dacites and Na-K-feldspar, biotite, and propylitic alteration of the mafic intrusive
package. Minor copper-mineralized hydrothermal biotite-cemented breccias formed at this time. The late
magmatic stage was followed by two stages of mineralized phyllic alteration, referred to as the principal hydrothermal
(4.9-4.8 Ma) and late hydrothermal (4.8-4.4 Ma) stages, during which thicker, Cu-rich veins were
emplaced. A 1,200-m-wide breccia pipe, the Braden Breccia, formed during the late hydrothermal stage and
appears to have destroyed a large amount of ore from the center of the deposit.
The late magmatic and principal hydrothermal vein stages have predominantly concentric and radial vein
orientations centered on the Braden Pipe. Most of the concentric veins are shallowly dipping, whereas the radial
veins are subvertical. We present a model in which vein distributions were controlled by the local stress
regime generated by the intrusion of a large, deep magma chamber that is interpreted to be the source of the
dacites, the Braden Pipe, and ultimately, the copper and molybdenum mineralization. The late hydrothermal
veins are steeply inward dipping and concentric to the Braden Pipe. In contrast to the late magmatic and principal
hydrothermal vein stages, radial veins and shallow-dipping concentric veins are rare, consistent with formation
during a stage of subsidence due to relaxation of intrusion-induced stresses. Resurgence of the magma
chamber reactivated the steep concentric structures in a reverse sense, and a build up of magmatic and/or fluid
pressure resulted in explosive brecciation and fluidization, producing the Braden Pipe. A predominantly late set of northeast-trending faults, associated with movements on the district-scale Teniente fault zone, is the only evidence for far-field stresses exceeding local stresses in the deposit." name="DC.description" />
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<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Geology, Mineralization, Alteration, and Structural Evolution of the El Teniente Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Cannell, J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Cooke, D.R.</span> and <span class="person_name">Walshe, J.L.</span> and <span class="person_name">Stein, Holly J.</span> (2005) <xhtml:em>Geology, Mineralization, Alteration, and Structural Evolution of the El Teniente Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit.</xhtml:em> Economic Geology, 100 (5). pp. 979-1003. ISSN 0361-0128</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1908/1/Cannell_Cooke_et_al_ECON_GEOL_2005.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" border="0" class="ep_doc_icon" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1908/1/Cannell_Cooke_et_al_ECON_GEOL_2005.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />4Mb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input value="2403" name="docid" accept-charset="utf-8" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/100.5.979">http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/100.5.979</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">El Teniente is a typical porphyry Cu-Mo deposit-in terms of its alteration and sulfide assemblage zonation,
association with felsic intrusions, and predominance of quartz vein-hosted copper mineralization. It is anomalous
in size, with >94 million metric tons (Mt) of contained fine copper making it the worlds largest known
porphyry Cu deposit. There is an intimate spatial and temporal association between all stages of mineralization
and latest Miocene to early Pliocene felsic intrusions at Teniente.
Most of the copper was emplaced during the late magmatic stage (5.9-4.9 Ma), contemporaneously with intrusion
of the dacite porphyry dike and dacite pipes into a mafic to intermediate sill-stock complex. Mineralization
of the late magmatic stage is mainly hosted by a quartz-anhydrite-dominated stockwork associated with
K-feldspar alteration in the dacites and Na-K-feldspar, biotite, and propylitic alteration of the mafic intrusive
package. Minor copper-mineralized hydrothermal biotite-cemented breccias formed at this time. The late
magmatic stage was followed by two stages of mineralized phyllic alteration, referred to as the principal hydrothermal
(4.9-4.8 Ma) and late hydrothermal (4.8-4.4 Ma) stages, during which thicker, Cu-rich veins were
emplaced. A 1,200-m-wide breccia pipe, the Braden Breccia, formed during the late hydrothermal stage and
appears to have destroyed a large amount of ore from the center of the deposit.
The late magmatic and principal hydrothermal vein stages have predominantly concentric and radial vein
orientations centered on the Braden Pipe. Most of the concentric veins are shallowly dipping, whereas the radial
veins are subvertical. We present a model in which vein distributions were controlled by the local stress
regime generated by the intrusion of a large, deep magma chamber that is interpreted to be the source of the
dacites, the Braden Pipe, and ultimately, the copper and molybdenum mineralization. The late hydrothermal
veins are steeply inward dipping and concentric to the Braden Pipe. In contrast to the late magmatic and principal
hydrothermal vein stages, radial veins and shallow-dipping concentric veins are rare, consistent with formation
during a stage of subsidence due to relaxation of intrusion-induced stresses. Resurgence of the magma
chamber reactivated the steep concentric structures in a reverse sense, and a build up of magmatic and/or fluid
pressure resulted in explosive brecciation and fluidization, producing the Braden Pipe. A predominantly late set of northeast-trending faults, associated with movements on the district-scale Teniente fault zone, is the only evidence for far-field stresses exceeding local stresses in the deposit.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" border="0" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">porphyry copper molybdenum structure paragenesis geochronology</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260100.html">260000 Earth Sciences > 260100 Geology</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Collections:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">UNSPECIFIED</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1908</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mrs Katrina Keep</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">19 Sep 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">29 Jan 2008 20:32</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1908;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1908">item control page</a></p>
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