<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>UTas ePrints - Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure.</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script>
<style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style>
<style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style>
<link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" />
<link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" />
<meta content="Hindrum, Stephen" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Burke, Chris" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Edwards, Stephen" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Johns, Deon" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="C.Burke@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="article" name="eprints.type" />
<meta content="2007-09-27" name="eprints.datestamp" />
<meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" />
<meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" />
<meta content="Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure." name="eprints.title" />
<meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
<meta content="300703" name="eprints.subjects" />
<meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" />
<meta content="abalone aquaculture, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, systems failure Mollusc culture; Marine molluscs; Growth rate; Mortality causes; Synergism; Ammonia; Anoxic conditions; Aquaculture systems; Anoxia; Oxygen depletion; Haliotis laevigata; Haliotis rubra; Australia" name="eprints.keywords" />
<meta content="A growth trial was conducted on two Australian species of commercially cultured abalone to determine the effect of episodic exposure to sub-optimal water quality on growth and mortality. This was primarily designed to simulate systems failure, resulting in partial or complete interruption in the normal water exchange and corresponding changes in dissolved oxygen and ammonia levels. Experimental abalone were nominally exposed, at intervals ranging from once in six weeks to once a week, to 60% dissolved oxygen saturation and 150 microg/L un-ionised ammonia for 8 hours. No significant effect on growth or mortality was found for either species, with observation of abalone behaviour and food consumption indicating the exposures imposed a mild and transient stress.
A more severe challenge exposure (nominally 30% dissolved oxygen and 600 microg/L un-ionised ammonia for 8 h) at the end of the growth trial had a greater impact on food consumption and activity, but this disappeared within 24 hours and did not cause any mortality after 2 d.
" name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2001-12" name="eprints.date" />
<meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
<meta content="Journal of Shellfish Research" name="eprints.publication" />
<meta content="20" name="eprints.volume" />
<meta content="2" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="679-684" name="eprints.pagerange" />
<meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" />
<meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
<meta content="0730-8000" name="eprints.issn" />
<meta content="http://shellfish.org/pubs/jsrtoc/jsr202.htm" name="eprints.official_url" />
<meta content="Allan, G.L. & G.B. Maguire. 1991. Lethal levels of low dissolved oxygen and effects of short term oxygen stress on subsequent growth of juvenile Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture 94:27-37.
Bayne, B.L. 1971. Ventilation, the heart beat and oxygen uptake by (Mytilus edulis L.) in declining oxygen tension. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 40A: 1065-1085.
Bartsch, M.R., D.L. Waller, W.G Cope & S. Gutreuter. 2000. Emersion and thermal tolerances of three species of unionid mussels: survival and behavioural effects. J. Shell. Res. 19(1):233-240.
Bower, C.E. & J.P. Bidwell. 1978. Ionization of ammonia in seawater: effects temperature, pH and salinity. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 35(7):542-575.
Bower, C.E & T. Holm-Hansen. 1980. A salicylate-hypochlorite method for determining ammonia in seawater. Can. J. Fish. Aquatic Sci. 37:794-798.
Brix, O., G. Lykkeboe & K. Johansen. 1979. Reversed Bohr and Root shifts in hemocyanin of the marine prosobranch Buccinum undatum: Adaptations to a periodically hypoxic habitat. J. Comp. Physiol. 129(B):97-103.
Bruno, T.J. & P.D.N. Svoronos (Eds). 1989. CRC Handbook of Basic Tables for Chemical Analysis. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Colt, J.E. & D.A. Armstrong. 1981. Nitrogen toxicity to crustaceans, fish and molluscs. In : L. J. Allen & E. C. Kinney (eds). Proceedings of the Bio-Engineering Symposium for Fish Culture. Fish Culture Section of the American Fisheries Society, FCS Publication 1, pp. 34-47.
Douros, W.J. 1987. Stacking behaviour of an inter-tidal abalone: an adaptive response or a consequence of space limitation ? J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 108: 1-14.
GÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂäde, G. & W. Ellington. 1983. The anaerobic molluscan heart: adaptation to environmental anoxia. Comparison with energy metabolism in vertebrate hearts. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A., 76(3): 615-620.
Gilroy, A. & S. Edwards. 1998. Optimum temperature for growth of Australian abalone: preferred temperature and critical thermal maximum for blacklip abalone, Haliotis rubra (Leach), and greenlip abalone, Haliotis laevigata (Leach). Aqua. Res. 29:481-485.
Grasshoff (1989). Methods of Seawater Analysis. Velag Chemie, New York, pp. 134-137.
Harris, J.O., G.B Maguire, S.J. Edwards & S.M. Hindrum. 1998. Effect of ammonia on the growth rate and oxygen consumption of juvenile greenlip abalone, Haliotis laevigata Donovan. Aquaculture 160:259-272.
Harris, J.O., G.B. Maguire, S.J. Edwards S.J. & D.R. Johns. 1999a. Low dissolved oxygen reduces growth rate and oxygen consumption of juvenile greenlip abalone, Haliotis laevigata Donovan. Aquaculture 160:259-272.
Harris, J.O., G.B. Maguire, S.J. Edwards & S.M. Hindrum, 1999b. Effect of pH on growth rate, oxygen consumption rate and histopathology of gill and kidney tissue for juvenile greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra Leach). J. Shell. Res. 18(2):611-619.
Maguire, G.B., S.M. Hindrum, D.R. Johns, G.A. Dunstan, & M.A. Cropp. 1996. Effects of tank drainage frequency on growth of juvenile greenlip abalone, Haliotis laevigata. In: P. Hone (Ed). Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Abalone Aquaculture Workshop. Port Lincoln, South Australia, August, 1996. South Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide.
Meade, J.W. 1985. Allowable ammonia for fish culture. Prog. Fish Cult. 47(3):135-145.
Morton, B. 1990. The physiology and feeding behaviour of two marine scavenging gastropods in Hong Kong: the subtidal (Babylonia lutosa)(Lamarck) and the intertidal (Nassarius festivus)(Powys). J. Moll. Stud. 56: 275-288.
Nakanishi, T. 1978. Studies on the effect of the environment on the heart rate of shellfishes 11. Effect of temperature, low salinity and hypoxia on the heart rate of an abalone (Haliotis (Nordotis)discuss hannai) Ino. Bull. Hokkaido Reg. Fish. Res. Lab 43: 59-68.
Newell, R.C. & A. Roy. 1973. A statistical model relating the oxygen consumption of a mollusc (Littorina littorea) to activity, body size and environmental conditions. Physiol .Zool. 46: 253-275.
Nimura, Y. & H. Yamakawa. 1989. Oxygen uptake rate and heart rate of small abalone (Sulculus supertexta) as related to the ambient oxygen concentration. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 55(10): 1869.
Russell, C.W. & B.K. Evans. 1989. Cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of the black lip abalone (Haliotis ruber). J. Exp. Biol.. 252: 105-117.
Russo, R.C. & R.V. Thurston. 1991. Toxicity of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate to fishes. In: D. Brune and J. Tomasso (Ed). Aquaculture and Water Quality. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, pp. 58-89.
Shepherd, S.A. 1973. Studies on southern Australian abalone (genus Haliotis) 1. Ecology of five sympatric species. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 24:217-57.
Shepherd, S.A. & D. Partington. 1995. Studies on southern Australian abalone (genus Haliotis) XVI. Recruitment, habitat and stock relations. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 46:669-80.
Storey, K.B. & J. Storey. 1990. Metabolic rate depression and biochemical adaptation in anaerobiosis, hibernation and estivation. Quart. Rev. Biol. 65(2):145-174.
Thurston, R.V & R. Russo. 1981. Ammonia toxicity to fishes. Effect of pH on the toxicity of un-ionised ammonia species. Env. Sci. Tech. 15(7): 837-840.
Underwood, A.J. 1981. Techniques of analysis of variance in marine biology and ecology. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 19:513-605.
Voltzow, J. 1983. Flow through and around the abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana). The Veliger 26(1): 18-21.
Wajsbrot, N., A. Gasith, M. Krom & D. M. Popper. 1991. Acute toxicity of ammonia to juvenile gilthead seabream Sparus aurata under reduced oxygen levels. Aquaculture 92: 277-288.
Wells R.M.G., J. Baldwin, S.R. Speed & R.E. Weber. 1998. Haemocyanin function in the New Zealand abalone Haliotis iris and H. australis : relationships between oxygen-binding properties, muscle metabolism and habitat. Mar. Fresh. Res. 49: 143-149.
" name="eprints.referencetext" />
<meta content="Hindrum, Stephen and Burke, Chris and Edwards, Stephen and Johns, Deon (2001) Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure. Journal of Shellfish Research, 20 (2). pp. 679-684. ISSN 0730-8000" name="eprints.citation" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1915/1/Pulse_paper_final_00.htm" name="eprints.document_url" />
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" />
<meta content="Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure." name="DC.title" />
<meta content="Hindrum, Stephen" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="Burke, Chris" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="Edwards, Stephen" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="Johns, Deon" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="300703 Aquaculture" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="A growth trial was conducted on two Australian species of commercially cultured abalone to determine the effect of episodic exposure to sub-optimal water quality on growth and mortality. This was primarily designed to simulate systems failure, resulting in partial or complete interruption in the normal water exchange and corresponding changes in dissolved oxygen and ammonia levels. Experimental abalone were nominally exposed, at intervals ranging from once in six weeks to once a week, to 60% dissolved oxygen saturation and 150 microg/L un-ionised ammonia for 8 hours. No significant effect on growth or mortality was found for either species, with observation of abalone behaviour and food consumption indicating the exposures imposed a mild and transient stress.
A more severe challenge exposure (nominally 30% dissolved oxygen and 600 microg/L un-ionised ammonia for 8 h) at the end of the growth trial had a greater impact on food consumption and activity, but this disappeared within 24 hours and did not cause any mortality after 2 d.
" name="DC.description" />
<meta content="2001-12" name="DC.date" />
<meta content="Article" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="text/html" name="DC.format" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1915/1/Pulse_paper_final_00.htm" name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="http://shellfish.org/pubs/jsrtoc/jsr202.htm" name="DC.relation" />
<meta content="Hindrum, Stephen and Burke, Chris and Edwards, Stephen and Johns, Deon (2001) Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure. Journal of Shellfish Research, 20 (2). pp. 679-684. ISSN 0730-8000" name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1915/" name="DC.relation" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/BibTeX/epprod-eprint-1915.bib" title="BibTeX" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/ContextObject/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="OpenURL ContextObject" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/ContextObject::Dissertation/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="OpenURL Dissertation" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/ContextObject::Journal/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="OpenURL Journal" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/DC/epprod-eprint-1915.txt" title="Dublin Core" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/DIDL/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="DIDL" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/EndNote/epprod-eprint-1915.enw" title="EndNote" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/HTML/epprod-eprint-1915.html" title="HTML Citation" type="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/METS/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="METS" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/MODS/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="MODS" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/RIS/epprod-eprint-1915.ris" title="Reference Manager" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/Refer/epprod-eprint-1915.refer" title="Refer" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/Simple/epprod-eprint-1915text" title="Simple Metadata" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/Text/epprod-eprint-1915.txt" title="ASCII Citation" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/1915/XML/epprod-eprint-1915.xml" title="EP3 XML" type="text/xml" />
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" onLoad="loadRoutine(); MM_preloadImages('images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif')">
<div class="ep_noprint"><noscript><style type="text/css">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/nojs.css);</style></noscript></div>
<table width="795" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td><script language="JavaScript1.2">mmLoadMenus();</script>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="795">
<!-- fwtable fwsrc="eprints_banner_final2.png" fwbase="ePrints_banner.gif" fwstyle="Dreamweaver" fwdocid = "1249563342" fwnested="0" -->
<tr>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="104" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="44" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="105" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="41" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="16" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="82" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="69" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="98" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="12"><img name="ePrints_banner_r1_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r1_c1.gif" width="795" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="6"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c1.gif" width="32" height="118" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td rowspan="5"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c2.gif" width="104" height="103" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td colspan="10"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c3.gif" width="659" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c3.gif" width="190" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="7"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c6" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c6.gif" width="469" height="37" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><img name="ePrints_banner_r4_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r4_c3.gif" width="190" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c3.gif" width="149" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/information.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821132634_0,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c5');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c5','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c5" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5.gif" width="57" height="25" border="0" alt="About" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/view/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133021_1,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c7');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c7','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c7" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Browse" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/search/simple" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133201_2,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c8');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c8','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c8" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Search" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/register" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout();" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_1018171924_3,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c9');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c9','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c9" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="register" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/users/home" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133422_4,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c10');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c10','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c10" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10.gif" width="82" height="25" border="0" alt="user area" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/help/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133514_5,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c11');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c11','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c11" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11.gif" width="69" height="25" border="0" alt="Help" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="3" colspan="4"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c12" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c12.gif" width="98" height="40" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c3.gif" width="44" height="39" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></td>
<td><a href="/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r6_c4','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4.gif" width="105" height="24" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></a></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="24" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c2.gif" width="104" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td colspan="8"><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c4.gif" width="517" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><table width="100%" style="font-size: 90%; border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr>
<td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td>
<td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap">
<form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline">
<input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" />
<input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" />
<input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" />
<input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" />
<input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" />
</form>
</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" -->
<div align="center">
<table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left">
<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure.</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Hindrum, Stephen</span> and <span class="person_name">Burke, Chris</span> and <span class="person_name">Edwards, Stephen</span> and <span class="person_name">Johns, Deon</span> (2001) <xhtml:em>Effects of combined exposure to elevated ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels in greenlip (Haliotis laevigata Donovan) and blacklip (H. rubra Leach) abalone. 1. Growth and mortality data from simulated systems failure.</xhtml:em> Journal of Shellfish Research, 20 (2). pp. 679-684. ISSN 0730-8000</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1915/1/Pulse_paper_final_00.htm"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/text_html.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1915/1/Pulse_paper_final_00.htm"><span class="ep_document_citation">HTML</span></a> - Full text restricted<br />409Kb</td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://shellfish.org/pubs/jsrtoc/jsr202.htm">http://shellfish.org/pubs/jsrtoc/jsr202.htm</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">A growth trial was conducted on two Australian species of commercially cultured abalone to determine the effect of episodic exposure to sub-optimal water quality on growth and mortality. This was primarily designed to simulate systems failure, resulting in partial or complete interruption in the normal water exchange and corresponding changes in dissolved oxygen and ammonia levels. Experimental abalone were nominally exposed, at intervals ranging from once in six weeks to once a week, to 60% dissolved oxygen saturation and 150 microg/L un-ionised ammonia for 8 hours. No significant effect on growth or mortality was found for either species, with observation of abalone behaviour and food consumption indicating the exposures imposed a mild and transient stress.
A more severe challenge exposure (nominally 30% dissolved oxygen and 600 microg/L un-ionised ammonia for 8 h) at the end of the growth trial had a greater impact on food consumption and activity, but this disappeared within 24 hours and did not cause any mortality after 2 d.
</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">abalone aquaculture, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, systems failure Mollusc culture; Marine molluscs; Growth rate; Mortality causes; Synergism; Ammonia; Anoxic conditions; Aquaculture systems; Anoxia; Oxygen depletion; Haliotis laevigata; Haliotis rubra; Australia</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/300703.html">300000 Agricultural, Veterinary and Environmental Sciences > 300700 Fisheries Sciences > 300703 Aquaculture</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1915</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Dr Chris Burke</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">27 Sep 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1915;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1915">item control page</a></p>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" -->
<table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer">
<tr valign="top">
<td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br />
© University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br />
<a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright & Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a> </td>
<td width="32%"><div align="right">
<p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p>
<p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br />
</a></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td><p> </p></td>
<td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- #EndLibraryItem -->
<div align="center"></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
