<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>UTas ePrints - Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script>
<style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style>
<style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style>
<link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" />
<link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" />
<meta content="Watson, Jane M." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="jane.watson@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="article" name="eprints.type" />
<meta content="2007-10-04 03:32:39" name="eprints.datestamp" />
<meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" />
<meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" />
<meta content="Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict" name="eprints.title" />
<meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
<meta content="330202" name="eprints.subjects" />
<meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" />
<meta content="The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com" name="eprints.note" />
<meta content="This study follows two earlier studies of school students’ abilities to draw
inferences when comparing two data sets presented in graphical form (Watson and Moritz,
1999; Watson, 2001). Using the same interview protocol with a new sample of 60 students,
20 from each of grades 3, 6 and 9, cognitive conflict was introduced in the form of video
clips of reasoning expressed by students in the earlier studies. This methodology was
intended to mimic the type of argumentation that might take place in the classroom but
in a controlled setting where identical arguments could be presented to different students.
Interviews were videotaped and analysed in a similar fashion to the earlier studies in order
to document change associated with the presentation of cognitive conflict. Change was
documented with respect to the levels of observed response for two parts of the protocol
and for the use of displayed variation in the graphs. Implications of the methodology for
future research and teaching are discussed" name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2002-11" name="eprints.date" />
<meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
<meta content="Educational Studies in Mathematics" name="eprints.publication" />
<meta content="51" name="eprints.volume" />
<meta content="3" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="225-256" name="eprints.pagerange" />
<meta content="10.1023/A:1023622017006" name="eprints.id_number" />
<meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
<meta content="0013-1954" name="eprints.issn" />
<meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023622017006" name="eprints.official_url" />
<meta content="Australian Education Council: 1991, A National Statement on Mathematics for Australian
schools, Curriculum Corporation, Carlton, Vic.
Australian Education Council: 1994, Mathematics – A Curriculum Profile for Australian
Schools, Curriculum Corporation, Carlton, Vic.
Behr, M. and Harel, G.: 1990, ‘Students’ errors, misconceptions and cognitive conflict
in application of procedures’, Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics 12(3&4),
75–84.
Biehler, R.: 1997, ‘Students’ difficulties in practicing computer-supported data analysis:
Some hypothetical generalizations from results of two exploratory studies’, in J.B. Garfield
and G. Burrill (eds.), Research on the Role of Technology in Teaching and Learning
Statistics, International Statistical Institute, Voorburg, The Netherlands, pp. 169–190.
Biggs, J.B.: 1992, ‘Modes of learning, forms of knowing and ways of schooling’, in A.
Demetriou, M. Shayer and A. Efklides (eds.), Neo-Piagetian Theories of Cognitive
Development: Implications and Applications for Education, Routledge, London, pp.
31–51.
Biggs, J.B. and Collis, K.F.: 1982, Evaluating the Quality of Learning: The SOLO
Taxonomy, Academic Press, New York.
Chick, H.L. and Watson, J.M.: 2001, ‘Data representation and interpretation by primary
school students working in groups’, Mathematics Education Research Journal 13, 91–
111.
254 JANE M. WATSON
Driver, R.: 1985, ‘Changing perspectives on science lessons’, in N. Bennett and C.
Desforges (eds.), Recent Advances in Classroom Research, Scottish Academic Press,
Edinburgh, pp. 58–75.
Estepa, A., Batanero, C. and Sanchez, F.T.: 1999, ‘Students’ intuitive strategies in
judging association when comparing two samples’, Hiroshima Journal of Mathematics
Education 7, 17–30.
Gal, I., Rothschild, K. and Wagner, D.A.: 1989, April, Which Group is Better? The Development
of Statistical Reasoning in Elementary School Children, Paper presented at the
meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Kansas City.
Gal, I., Rothschild, K. and Wagner, D.A.: 1990, April, Statistical Concepts and Statistical
Reasoning in School Children: Convergence or Divergence?, Paper presented at the
meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Boston.
Gal, I. and Wagner, D.A.: 1992, Project STARC: Statistical Reasoning in the Classroom,
(Annual Report: Year 2, NSF Grant No. MDR90-50006). Philadelphia, PA: Literacy
Research Center, University of Pennsylvania.
Goos, M.: 2000, ‘Collaborative problem solving in senior secondary mathematics
classrooms’, in J. Bana and A. Chapman (eds.), Mathematics Education beyond 2000
(Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference of the Mathematics Education Research
Group of Australasia), MERGA, Perth, Vol. 1, pp. 38–45.
Green, D.: 1993, ‘Data analysis:What research do we need?’, in L. Pereira-Mendoza (ed.),
Introducing Data Analysis in the Schools: Who Should Teach It?, International Statistical
Institute, Voorburg, The Netherlands, pp. 219–239.
Kelly, B.A. and Watson, J.M.: 2002, ‘Variation in a chance sampling setting: The lollies
task’, in K. Irwin, M. Pfannkuch, B. Barton and M. Thomas (eds.), Mathematics Education
in the South Pacific (Proceedings of the 25th annual conference of the Mathematics
Education Research Group of Australasia), MERGA, Auckland, NZ.
Konold, C. and Miller, C.: 1994, DataScope [Computer program], Intellimation Library
for the Macintosh, Santa Barbara, CA.
Konold, C. and Pollatsek, A.: 2002, ‘Data analysis as the search for signals in noisy
processes’, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 33, 259–289.
Konold, C., Pollatsek, A., Well, A. and Gagnon, A.: 1997, ‘Students analyzing data: Research
of critical barriers’, in J.B. Garfield and G. Burrill (eds.), Research on the Role
of Technology in Teaching and Learning Statistics, International Statistical Institute,
Voorburg, The Netherlands, pp. 151–167.
Konold, C., Robinson, A., Khalil, K., Pollatsek, A.,Well, A.,Wing, R. and Mayr, S.: 2002,
‘Students’ use of modal clumps to summarize data’, in B. Phillips (ed.), Proceedings
of the Sixth International Conference on Teaching Statistics: Developing a statistically
literate society, Cape Town, South Africa, International Statistical Institute, Voorburg,
The Netherlands.
Macbeth, D.: 2000, ‘On an actual apparatus for conceptual change’, Science Education 84,
228–264.
Miles, M.B. and Huberman, A.M.: 1994, Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded
Sourcebook (2nd ed.), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
Mokros, J. and Russell, S.J.: 1995, ‘Children’s concepts of average and representativeness’,
Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 26, 20–39.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics: 2000, Principles and Standards for School
Mathematics, Author, Reston, VA.
Posner, G.J., Strike, K.A., Hewson, P.W. and Gertzog, W.A.: 1982, ‘Accommodation of
a scientific conception: Toward a theory of conceptual change’, Science Education 66,
211–227.
Pratt, D.: 2000, ‘Making sense of the total of two dice’, Journal for Research in
Mathematics Education 31, 602–625.
Reading, C. and Shaughnessy, M.: 2000, ‘Student perceptions of variation in a sampling
situation’, in T. Nakahara and M. Kyama (eds.), Proceedings of the 24th Conference
of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. 4),
Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, pp. 89–96.
Shaughnessy, J.M.: 1985, ‘Problem-solving derailers; The influence of misconceptions
on problem-solving performance’, in E.A. Silver (ed.), Teaching and Learning Mathematical
Problem Solving: Multiple Research Perspectives, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp.
399–415.
Shaughnessy, J.M.: 1997, ‘Missed opportunities in research on the teaching and learning
of data and chance’, in F. Biddulph and K. Carr (eds.), People in Mathematics Education
(Proceedings of the 20th annual conference of the Mathematics Education Research
Group of Australasia), MERGA, Rotorua, NZ, pp. 6–22.
Shaughnessy, J.M. and Ciancetta, M.: 2002, ‘Students’ understanding of variability in a
probability environment’, in B. Phillips (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth International
Conference on Teaching Statistics: Developing a statistically literate society, Cape Town,
South Africa, International Statistical Institute, Voorburg, The Netherlands.
Shaughnessy, J.M., Watson, J., Moritz, J. and Reading, C.: 1999, April, School Mathematics
Students’ Acknowledgement of Statistical Variation, in C. Maher (Chair), There’s
more to life than centers, Presession Research Symposium, 77th Annual National
Council of Teachers of Mathematics Conference, San Francisco, CA.
Steffe, L.P.: 1990, ‘Inconsistencies and cognitive conflict: A constructivist’s view’, Focus
on Learning Problems in Mathematics 12(3&4), 99–109.
Strike, K.A. and Posner, G.J.: 1992, ‘A revisionist theory of conceptual change’, in R.A.
Duschl and R.J. Hamilton (eds.), Philosophy of Science, Cognitive Psychology and Educational
Theory and Practice, State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, pp.
147–176.
Tirosh, D., Graeber, A.O. and Wilson, P.S.: 1990, ‘Introduction to special issue’, Focus on
Learning Problems in Mathematics 12(3&4), 29–30.
Torok, R. and Watson, J.: 2000, ‘Development of the concept of statistical variation: An
exploratory study’, Mathematics Education Research Journal 12, 147–169.
Watson, J.M.: 2001, ‘Longitudinal development of inferential reasoning by school students’,
Educational Studies in Mathematics 47, 337–372.
Watson, J.M.: 2002, ‘Creating cognitive conflict in a controlled research setting:
Sampling’, in B. Phillips (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on
the Teaching of Statistics: Developing a statistically literate society, Cape Town, South
Africa, International Statistical Institute, Voorburg, The Netherlands.
Watson, J.M. and Moritz, J.B.: 1999, ‘The beginning of statistical inference: Comparing
two data sets’, Educational Studies in Mathematics 37, 145–168.
Watson, J.M. and Moritz, J.B.: 2000, ‘Developing concepts of sampling’, Journal for
Research in Mathematics Education 31, 44–70.
Watson, J.M. and Moritz, J.B.: 2001a, ‘The role of cognitive conflict in developing students’
understanding of chance measurement’, in J. Bobis, B. Perry and M.Mitchelmore
(eds.), Numeracy and Beyond (Proceedings of the 24th annual conference of the Mathematics Education, Research Group of Australia Incorporated, Vol. 2), MERGA, Sydney,
pp. 523–530.
Watson, J.M. and Moritz, J.B.: 2001b, ‘Development of reasoning associated with pictographs:
Representing, interpreting and predicting’, Educational Studies in Mathematics
48, 47–81." name="eprints.referencetext" />
<meta content="Watson, Jane M. (2002) Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 51 (3). pp. 225-256. ISSN 0013-1954" name="eprints.citation" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2016/1/WatsonESM2002.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" />
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" />
<meta content="Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict" name="DC.title" />
<meta content="Watson, Jane M." name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="330202 Curriculum Studies - Mathematics Education" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="This study follows two earlier studies of school students’ abilities to draw
inferences when comparing two data sets presented in graphical form (Watson and Moritz,
1999; Watson, 2001). Using the same interview protocol with a new sample of 60 students,
20 from each of grades 3, 6 and 9, cognitive conflict was introduced in the form of video
clips of reasoning expressed by students in the earlier studies. This methodology was
intended to mimic the type of argumentation that might take place in the classroom but
in a controlled setting where identical arguments could be presented to different students.
Interviews were videotaped and analysed in a similar fashion to the earlier studies in order
to document change associated with the presentation of cognitive conflict. Change was
documented with respect to the levels of observed response for two parts of the protocol
and for the use of displayed variation in the graphs. Implications of the methodology for
future research and teaching are discussed" name="DC.description" />
<meta content="2002-11" name="DC.date" />
<meta content="Article" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="application/pdf" name="DC.format" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2016/1/WatsonESM2002.pdf" name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023622017006" name="DC.relation" />
<meta content="Watson, Jane M. (2002) Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 51 (3). pp. 225-256. ISSN 0013-1954" name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2016/" name="DC.relation" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/BibTeX/epprod-eprint-2016.bib" title="BibTeX" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/ContextObject/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="OpenURL ContextObject" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/ContextObject::Dissertation/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="OpenURL Dissertation" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/ContextObject::Journal/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="OpenURL Journal" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/DC/epprod-eprint-2016.txt" title="Dublin Core" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/DIDL/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="DIDL" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/EndNote/epprod-eprint-2016.enw" title="EndNote" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/HTML/epprod-eprint-2016.html" title="HTML Citation" type="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/METS/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="METS" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/MODS/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="MODS" type="text/xml" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/RIS/epprod-eprint-2016.ris" title="Reference Manager" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/Refer/epprod-eprint-2016.refer" title="Refer" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/Simple/epprod-eprint-2016text" title="Simple Metadata" type="text/plain" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/Text/epprod-eprint-2016.txt" title="ASCII Citation" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2016/XML/epprod-eprint-2016.xml" title="EP3 XML" type="text/xml" />
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" onLoad="loadRoutine(); MM_preloadImages('images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif')">
<div class="ep_noprint"><noscript><style type="text/css">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/nojs.css);</style></noscript></div>
<table width="795" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td><script language="JavaScript1.2">mmLoadMenus();</script>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="795">
<!-- fwtable fwsrc="eprints_banner_final2.png" fwbase="ePrints_banner.gif" fwstyle="Dreamweaver" fwdocid = "1249563342" fwnested="0" -->
<tr>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="104" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="44" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="105" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="41" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="16" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="82" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="69" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="98" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="12"><img name="ePrints_banner_r1_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r1_c1.gif" width="795" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="6"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c1.gif" width="32" height="118" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td rowspan="5"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c2.gif" width="104" height="103" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td colspan="10"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c3.gif" width="659" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c3.gif" width="190" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="7"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c6" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c6.gif" width="469" height="37" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><img name="ePrints_banner_r4_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r4_c3.gif" width="190" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c3.gif" width="149" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/information.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821132634_0,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c5');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c5','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c5" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5.gif" width="57" height="25" border="0" alt="About" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/view/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133021_1,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c7');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c7','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c7" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Browse" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/search/simple" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133201_2,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c8');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c8','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c8" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Search" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/register" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout();" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_1018171924_3,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c9');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c9','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c9" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="register" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/users/home" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133422_4,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c10');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c10','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c10" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10.gif" width="82" height="25" border="0" alt="user area" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/help/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133514_5,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c11');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c11','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c11" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11.gif" width="69" height="25" border="0" alt="Help" /></a></td>
<td rowspan="3" colspan="4"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c12" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c12.gif" width="98" height="40" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c3.gif" width="44" height="39" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></td>
<td><a href="/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r6_c4','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4.gif" width="105" height="24" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></a></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="24" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c2.gif" width="104" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td colspan="8"><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c4.gif" width="517" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
<td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><table width="100%" style="font-size: 90%; border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr>
<td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td>
<td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap">
<form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline">
<input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" />
<input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" />
<input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" />
<input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" />
<input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" />
</form>
</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" -->
<div align="center">
<table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left">
<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Watson, Jane M.</span> (2002) <xhtml:em>Inferential reasoning and the influence of cognitive conflict.</xhtml:em> Educational Studies in Mathematics, 51 (3). pp. 225-256. ISSN 0013-1954</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2016/1/WatsonESM2002.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2016/1/WatsonESM2002.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />203Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="2538" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023622017006">http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023622017006</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">This study follows two earlier studies of school students’ abilities to draw
inferences when comparing two data sets presented in graphical form (Watson and Moritz,
1999; Watson, 2001). Using the same interview protocol with a new sample of 60 students,
20 from each of grades 3, 6 and 9, cognitive conflict was introduced in the form of video
clips of reasoning expressed by students in the earlier studies. This methodology was
intended to mimic the type of argumentation that might take place in the classroom but
in a controlled setting where identical arguments could be presented to different students.
Interviews were videotaped and analysed in a similar fashion to the earlier studies in order
to document change associated with the presentation of cognitive conflict. Change was
documented with respect to the levels of observed response for two parts of the protocol
and for the use of displayed variation in the graphs. Implications of the methodology for
future research and teaching are discussed</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/330202.html">330000 Education > 330200 Curriculum Studies > 330202 Curriculum Studies - Mathematics Education</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2016</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mrs Anita Cubit</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">04 Oct 2007 13:32</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2016;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=2016">item control page</a></p>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" -->
<table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer">
<tr valign="top">
<td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br />
© University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br />
<a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright & Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a> </td>
<td width="32%"><div align="right">
<p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p>
<p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br />
</a></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td><p> </p></td>
<td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- #EndLibraryItem -->
<div align="center"></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
