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          Website/dp2010-abstracts-contents.htm
 <h4>M. Winikoff</h4> 
 
<p>In this paper we consider the broader issue of gaining assurance that an agent system will behave appropriately when it is deployed. We ask to what extent this problem is addressed by existing research into formal veri&#64257;cation. We identify a range of issues with existing work which leads us to conclude that, broadly speaking, veri&#64257;cation approaches on their own are too narrowly focussed. We argue that a shift in direction is needed, and outline some possibilities for such a shift in direction.</p> 
 
<link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css">
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 296 KB)</p> 
 
<hr>
<p>Novelty detection is an important functionality that has found many applications in information retrieval and processing. In this paper we propose a novel framework that deals with novelty detection for multiple-scene image sets. Working with wildlife image data, the framework starts with image segmentation, followed by feature extraction and classification of the image blocks extracted from image segments. The labelled image blocks are then scanned through to generate a co-occurrence matrix of object labels, representing the semantic context within the scene. The semantic co-occurrence matrices then undergo binarization and principal component analysis for dimension reduction, forming the basis for constructing one-class models for each scene category. An algorithm for outlier detection that employs multiple one-class models is proposed. An advantage of our approach is that it can be used for scene classification and novelty detection at the same time. Our experiments show that the proposed approach algorithm gives favourable performance for the task of detecting novel wildlife scenes, and binarization of the label co-occurrence matrices helps to significantly increase the robustness in dealing with the variation of scene statistics.</p> 
 
<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> context, co-occurrence matrix, semantics, novel image, multi-class</p> 
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 3.2 MB)</p> 
<p class="note">Corrected version uploaded 2010-05-04.</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 3.4 MB)</p> 
 
<hr>
 
<a name="dp2010-03"></a><h3>2010/03: Norm identification in multi-agent societies</h3> 
 

            <div class="sectionTitle">Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2010 Abstracts</div>

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-01"></a><h3>2010/01: Assurance of agent systems: What role should formal verification play?</h3> 

<h4>M. Winikoff</h4> 

<p>In this paper we consider the broader issue of gaining assurance that an agent system will behave appropriately when it is deployed. We ask to what extent this problem is addressed by existing research into formal veri&#64257;cation. We identify a range of issues with existing work which leads us to conclude that, broadly speaking, veri&#64257;cation approaches on their own are too narrowly focussed. We argue that a shift in direction is needed, and outline some possibilities for such a shift in direction.</p> 

<link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css">

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 296 KB)</p> 

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-02"></a><h3>2010/02: Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes</h3> 

<h4>S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis</h4> 

<p>Novelty detection is an important functionality that has found many applications in information retrieval and processing. In this paper we propose a novel framework that deals with novelty detection for multiple-scene image sets. Working with wildlife image data, the framework starts with image segmentation, followed by feature extraction and classification of the image blocks extracted from image segments. The labelled image blocks are then scanned through to generate a co-occurrence matrix of object labels, representing the semantic context within the scene. The semantic co-occurrence matrices then undergo binarization and principal component analysis for dimension reduction, forming the basis for constructing one-class models for each scene category. An algorithm for outlier detection that employs multiple one-class models is proposed. An advantage of our approach is that it can be used for scene classification and novelty detection at the same time. Our experiments show that the proposed approach algorithm gives favourable performance for the task of detecting novel wildlife scenes, and binarization of the label co-occurrence matrices helps to significantly increase the robustness in dealing with the variation of scene statistics.</p> 

<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> context, co-occurrence matrix, semantics, novel image, multi-class</p> 

<p class="note">Corrected version uploaded 2010-05-04.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 3.4 MB)</p> 

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-03"></a><h3>2010/03: Norm identification in multi-agent societies</h3> 

<h4>B. T. R. Savarimuthu and S. Cranefield and M. A. Purvis and M. K. Purvis</h4> 

<p>In normative multi-agent systems, the question of &ldquo;how an agent identifies a norm in an agent society&rdquo; has not received much attention. This paper aims at addressing this question. To this end, this paper proposes an architecture for norm identification for an agent. The architecture is based on observation of interactions between agents. This architecture enables an autonomous agent to identify the norms in a society using the Candidate Norm Inference (CNI) algorithm. The CNI algorithm uses association rule mining approach to identify sequences of events as candidate norms. When a norm changes, the agent using our architecture will be able to modify the norm and also remove a norm if it does not hold in its society. Using simulations we demonstrate how an agent makes use of the norm identification framework.</p> 

<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> norms, agents, architecture, identification, simulation, societies</p> 

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 562 KB)</p> 

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-04"></a><h3>2010/04: An empirical investigation of the Maslov limit order market model</h3> 

<h4>R. M. Withanawasam and P. A. Whigham and T. Crack and I. M. Premachandra</h4> 

<p>Modeling of financial market data for detecting important market characteristics as well as their abnormalities plays a key role in identifying their behavior. Researchers have proposed different types of techniques to model market data. One such model proposed by Sergie Maslov, models the behavior of a limit order book. Being a very simple and interesting model, it has several drawbacks and limitations.<p/>

<p>This paper analyses the behavior of the Maslov model and proposes several variants of it to make the original Maslov model more realistic. The price signals generated from these models are analyzed by comparing with real life stock data and it was shown that the proposed variants of the Maslov model are more realistic than the original Maslov model.</p> 

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 832 KB)</p> 


            <div class="sectionTitle">Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2010 Abstracts</div>

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-01"></a><h3>2010/01: Assurance of agent systems: What role should formal verification play?</h3> 

<h4>M. Winikoff</h4> 

<p>In this paper we consider the broader issue of gaining assurance that an agent system will behave appropriately when it is deployed. We ask to what extent this problem is addressed by existing research into formal veri&#64257;cation. We identify a range of issues with existing work which leads us to conclude that, broadly speaking, veri&#64257;cation approaches on their own are too narrowly focussed. We argue that a shift in direction is needed, and outline some possibilities for such a shift in direction.</p> 

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 296 KB)</p> 

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-02"></a><h3>2010/02: Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes</h3> 

<h4>S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis</h4> 

<p>Novelty detection is an important functionality that has found many applications in information retrieval and processing. In this paper we propose a novel framework that deals with novelty detection for multiple-scene image sets. Working with wildlife image data, the framework starts with image segmentation, followed by feature extraction and classification of the image blocks extracted from image segments. The labelled image blocks are then scanned through to generate a co-occurrence matrix of object labels, representing the semantic context within the scene. The semantic co-occurrence matrices then undergo binarization and principal component analysis for dimension reduction, forming the basis for constructing one-class models for each scene category. An algorithm for outlier detection that employs multiple one-class models is proposed. An advantage of our approach is that it can be used for scene classification and novelty detection at the same time. Our experiments show that the proposed approach algorithm gives favourable performance for the task of detecting novel wildlife scenes, and binarization of the label co-occurrence matrices helps to significantly increase the robustness in dealing with the variation of scene statistics.</p> 

<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> context, co-occurrence matrix, semantics, novel image, multi-class</p> 

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 3.2 MB)</p> 
<hr>

<a name="dp2010-03"></a><h3>2010/03: Norm identification in multi-agent societies</h3> 

<h4>B. T. R. Savarimuthu and S. Cranefield and M. A. Purvis and M. K. Purvis</h4> 

<p>In normative multi-agent systems, the question of &ldquo;how an agent identifies a norm in an agent society&rdquo; has not received much attention. This paper aims at addressing this question. To this end, this paper proposes an architecture for norm identification for an agent. The architecture is based on observation of interactions between agents. This architecture enables an autonomous agent to identify the norms in a society using the Candidate Norm Inference (CNI) algorithm. The CNI algorithm uses association rule mining approach to identify sequences of events as candidate norms. When a norm changes, the agent using our architecture will be able to modify the norm and also remove a norm if it does not hold in its society. Using simulations we demonstrate how an agent makes use of the norm identification framework.</p> 

<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> norms, agents, architecture, identification, simulation, societies</p> 

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 562 KB)</p> 

<hr>

<a name="dp2010-04"></a><h3>2010/04: An empirical investigation of the Maslov limit order market model</h3> 

<h4>R. M. Withanawasam and P. A. Whigham and T. Crack and I. M. Premachandra</h4> 

<p>Modeling of financial market data for detecting important market characteristics as well as their abnormalities plays a key role in identifying their behavior. Researchers have proposed different types of techniques to model market data. One such model proposed by Sergie Maslov, models the behavior of a limit order book. Being a very simple and interesting model, it has several drawbacks and limitations.<p/>

<p>This paper analyses the behavior of the Maslov model and proposes several variants of it to make the original Maslov model more realistic. The price signals generated from these models are analyzed by comparing with real life stock data and it was shown that the proposed variants of the Maslov model are more realistic than the original Maslov model.</p> 

<p><a href="papers/dp2010-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 832 KB)</p>
 <h4>M. Winikoff</h4>
 <p>In this paper we consider the broader issue of gaining assurance that an agent system will behave appropriately when it is deployed. We ask to what extent this problem is addressed by existing research into formal veri&#64257;cation. We identify a range of issues with existing work which leads us to conclude that, broadly speaking, veri&#64257;cation approaches on their own are too narrowly focussed. We argue that a shift in direction is needed, and outline some possibilities for such a shift in direction.</p>
+<link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css">
 <p><a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 296 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <p>Novelty detection is an important functionality that has found many applications in information retrieval and processing. In this paper we propose a novel framework that deals with novelty detection for multiple-scene image sets. Working with wildlife image data, the framework starts with image segmentation, followed by feature extraction and classification of the image blocks extracted from image segments. The labelled image blocks are then scanned through to generate a co-occurrence matrix of object labels, representing the semantic context within the scene. The semantic co-occurrence matrices then undergo binarization and principal component analysis for dimension reduction, forming the basis for constructing one-class models for each scene category. An algorithm for outlier detection that employs multiple one-class models is proposed. An advantage of our approach is that it can be used for scene classification and novelty detection at the same time. Our experiments show that the proposed approach algorithm gives favourable performance for the task of detecting novel wildlife scenes, and binarization of the label co-occurrence matrices helps to significantly increase the robustness in dealing with the variation of scene statistics.</p>
 <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> context, co-occurrence matrix, semantics, novel image, multi-class</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 3.2 MB)</p>
+<p class="note">Corrected version uploaded 2010-05-04.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 3.4 MB)</p>
 <hr>
 <a name="dp2010-03"></a><h3>2010/03: Norm identification in multi-agent societies</h3>

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             <LINK REL="Stylesheet" HREF="DPSstyles.css" TYPE="text/css">
 
<P>These papers represent <EM>work to date at the time of publication</EM> and may not necessarily form the basis for the authors&#8217; final conclusions relating to the topic. It is likely, however, that papers will appear in some form in a journal or in conference proceedings after publication in this Series. Details of final journal/conference publication venues for these papers (where applicable) may be found through the <A HREF="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/">Staff Publications</A> pages.</P>
 
<P>Papers are available in electronic form as indicated. Note that papers published in the Series since 2001 are available in electronic form <EM>only</EM>; hard copies of papers published prior to 2001 may still be available.</P>
 

            <P>These papers represent <EM>work to date at the time of publication</EM> and may not necessarily form the basis for the authors&#8217; final conclusions relating to the topic. It is likely, however, that papers will appear in some form in a journal or in conference proceedings after publication in this Series. Details of final journal/conference publication venues for these papers (where applicable) may be found through the <A HREF="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/">Staff Publications</A> pages.</P>

<P>Papers are available in electronic form as indicated. Note that papers published in the Series since 2001 are available in electronic form <EM>only</EM>; hard copies of papers published prior to 2001 may still be available.</P>

<P>Many of the pre-1997 papers have been converted from older file formats. We have endeavoured to convert the documents as best we can, but format translations are not always perfect, especially with respect to graphics. We are also in the process of scanning into PDFs older papers that currently exist only in hard copy form.</P>

<P><A HREF="dpguidelines.htm">Guidelines for authors</A> are available for members of the department who would like to submit a paper to the series.</P>

<P>Please email <A HREF="mailto:dps&#064;&#105;&#110;&#102;&#111;&#115;&#099;&#105;&#101;&#110;&#099;&#101;&#046;&#111;&#116;&#097;&#103;&#111;&#046;&#097;&#099;&#046;&#110;&#122;">dps&#064;&#105;&#110;&#102;&#111;&#115;&#099;&#105;&#101;&#110;&#099;&#101;&#046;&#111;&#116;&#097;&#103;&#111;&#046;&#097;&#099;&#046;&#110;&#122;</A> with any queries about papers published in the Series.</P>

<H3>Decompression tools</H3>

<P>Some papers may be stored as gzipped PDFs. On Unix systems these may be extracted using the standard gzip utility. The free <A HREF="http://www.stuffit.com/expander/index.html" TARGET="_top">StuffIt Expander</A> utility is also available for Windows, Mac OS 9/X, Linux and Solaris. There are also many Windows products that will expand gzipped files, including <A HREF="http://www.winzip.com/" TARGET="_top">WinZip</A> and <A HREF="http://www.trident-software.com/" TARGET="_top">PowerZip</A>.</P>

            <LINK REL="Stylesheet" HREF="DPSstyles.css" TYPE="text/css">

<P>These papers represent <EM>work to date at the time of publication</EM> and may not necessarily form the basis for the authors&#8217; final conclusions relating to the topic. It is likely, however, that papers will appear in some form in a journal or in conference proceedings after publication in this Series. Details of final journal/conference publication venues for these papers (where applicable) may be found through the <A HREF="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/">Staff Publications</A> pages.</P>

<P>Papers are available in electronic form as indicated. Note that papers published in the Series since 2001 are available in electronic form <EM>only</EM>; hard copies of papers published prior to 2001 may still be available.</P>

<P>Many of the pre-1997 papers have been converted from older file formats. We have endeavoured to convert the documents as best we can, but format translations are not always perfect, especially with respect to graphics. We are also in the process of scanning into PDFs older papers that currently exist only in hard copy form.</P>

<P><A HREF="dpguidelines.htm">Guidelines for authors</A> are available for members of the department who would like to submit a paper to the series.</P>

<P>Please email <A HREF="mailto:dps&#064;&#105;&#110;&#102;&#111;&#115;&#099;&#105;&#101;&#110;&#099;&#101;&#046;&#111;&#116;&#097;&#103;&#111;&#046;&#097;&#099;&#046;&#110;&#122;">dps&#064;&#105;&#110;&#102;&#111;&#115;&#099;&#105;&#101;&#110;&#099;&#101;&#046;&#111;&#116;&#097;&#103;&#111;&#046;&#097;&#099;&#046;&#110;&#122;</A> with any queries about papers published in the Series.</P>

<H3>Decompression tools</H3>

<P>Some papers may be stored as gzipped PDFs. On Unix systems these may be extracted using the standard gzip utility. The free <A HREF="http://www.stuffit.com/expander/index.html" TARGET="_top">StuffIt Expander</A> utility is also available for Windows, Mac OS 9/X, Linux and Solaris. There are also many Windows products that will expand gzipped files, including <A HREF="http://www.winzip.com/" TARGET="_top">WinZip</A> and <A HREF="http://www.trident-software.com/" TARGET="_top">PowerZip</A>.</P>
-<LINK REL="Stylesheet" HREF="DPSstyles.css" TYPE="text/css">
 <P>These papers represent <EM>work to date at the time of publication</EM> and may not necessarily form the basis for the authors&#8217; final conclusions relating to the topic. It is likely, however, that papers will appear in some form in a journal or in conference proceedings after publication in this Series. Details of final journal/conference publication venues for these papers (where applicable) may be found through the <A HREF="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/">Staff Publications</A> pages.</P>
 <P>Papers are available in electronic form as indicated. Note that papers published in the Series since 2001 are available in electronic form <EM>only</EM>; hard copies of papers published prior to 2001 may still be available.</P>

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          Website/dps2010-include.htm
             <p><strong>2010/01:</strong> M. Winikoff. <em>Assurance of agent systems: What role should formal verification play?.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-01">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (296 KB)</p>
 
<p><strong>2010/02:</strong> S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis. <em>Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-02">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (3.2 MB)</p>
<p><strong>2010/02:</strong> S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis. <em>Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-02">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (3.4 MB) <span class="note">(Corrected version uploaded 2010-05-04.)</span></p>
 
<p><strong>2010/03:</strong> B. T. R. Savarimuthu and S. Cranefield and M. A. Purvis and M. K. Purvis. <em>Norm identification in multi-agent societies.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-03">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-03.pdf">Download</a> (562 KB)</p>
 
<p><strong>2010/04:</strong> R. M. Withanawasam and P. A. Whigham and T. Crack and I. M. Premachandra. <em>An empirical investigation of the Maslov limit order market model.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-04">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-04.pdf">Download</a> (832 KB)</p>
            <p><strong>2010/01:</strong> M. Winikoff. <em>Assurance of agent systems: What role should formal verification play?.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-01">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (296 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2010/02:</strong> S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis. <em>Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-02">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (3.4 MB) <span class="note">(Corrected version uploaded 2010-05-04.)</span></p>

<p><strong>2010/03:</strong> B. T. R. Savarimuthu and S. Cranefield and M. A. Purvis and M. K. Purvis. <em>Norm identification in multi-agent societies.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-03">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-03.pdf">Download</a> (562 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2010/04:</strong> R. M. Withanawasam and P. A. Whigham and T. Crack and I. M. Premachandra. <em>An empirical investigation of the Maslov limit order market model.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-04">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-04.pdf">Download</a> (832 KB)</p>


            <p><strong>2010/01:</strong> M. Winikoff. <em>Assurance of agent systems: What role should formal verification play?.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-01">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (296 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2010/02:</strong> S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis. <em>Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-02">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (3.2 MB)</p>

<p><strong>2010/03:</strong> B. T. R. Savarimuthu and S. Cranefield and M. A. Purvis and M. K. Purvis. <em>Norm identification in multi-agent societies.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-03">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-03.pdf">Download</a> (562 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2010/04:</strong> R. M. Withanawasam and P. A. Whigham and T. Crack and I. M. Premachandra. <em>An empirical investigation of the Maslov limit order market model.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-04">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-04.pdf">Download</a> (832 KB)</p>
 <p><strong>2010/01:</strong> M. Winikoff. <em>Assurance of agent systems: What role should formal verification play?.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-01">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-01.pdf">Download</a> (296 KB)</p>
+<p><strong>2010/02:</strong> S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis. <em>Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-02">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (3.2 MB)</p>
+<p><strong>2010/02:</strong> S.-P. Yong and J. D. Deng and M. K. Purvis. <em>Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-02">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-02.pdf">Download</a> (3.4 MB) <span class="note">(Corrected version uploaded 2010-05-04.)</span></p>
 <p><strong>2010/03:</strong> B. T. R. Savarimuthu and S. Cranefield and M. A. Purvis and M. K. Purvis. <em>Norm identification in multi-agent societies.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-03">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-03.pdf">Download</a> (562 KB)</p>
 <p><strong>2010/04:</strong> R. M. Withanawasam and P. A. Whigham and T. Crack and I. M. Premachandra. <em>An empirical investigation of the Maslov limit order market model.</em> <a href="dp2010-abstracts.htm#dp2010-04">Abstract</a> |  <a href="papers/dp2010-04.pdf">Download</a> (832 KB)</p>

Show line notes below