- Updated URLs back to 2002. - Switched to straight PDF for papers back to 2002.

nigel.stanger / Discussion_Papers

Browse code - Updated URLs back to 2002. - Switched to straight PDF for papers back to 2002. - Fixed up DP2002-08 (finally!). master
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          Website/dp2002-abstracts-contents.htm
 <h4>M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter</h4>
 
<p>The Opal architecture for software development is described that supports the use of agent-oriented concepts at multiple levels of abstraction. At the lowest level are micro-agents, streamlined agents that can be used for conventional, system-level programming tasks. More sophisticated agents may be constructed by assembling combinations of micro-agents. The architecture consequently supports the systematic use of agent-based notions throughout the software development process. The paper describes (a) the implementation of micro-agents in Java, (b) how they have been used to fashion the Opal framework for the construction of more complex agents based on the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) specifications, and (c) the Opal Conversation Manager that facilitates the capability of agents to conduct complex conversations with other agents.</p>
 
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 564KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 643 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2002-02">2002/02: Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink</h4>
 
<p>Environmental management and emergency response often involves the joint cooperation of a network of distributed problem solvers, each of which may be specialised for a specific task or problem domain. Some of these problem solvers could be human, others could be &#8216;intelligent&#8217; environmental monitoring and control systems. Environmental software systems are needed not only for the provision of basic environmental information but also to support the coordination of these problem solvers. An agent architecture can support the requirement associated with disparate problem solvers. The various stakeholders in the process are represented by software agents which can collaborate with each other toward achieving a particular goal. The communication between agents can be accomplished by using interaction protocols which are represented by coloured Petri nets (CPN). This paper describes an approach for providing this support by employing a software agent framework for the modelling and execution of environmental process tasks in a networked environment.</p>
 
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 94KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 114 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2002-03">2002/03: Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union</a></h3>
representation,
object,
rugby</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 2.3MB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 2.4 MB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2002-04">2002/04: Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment</a></h3>
<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>multi-agent systems,
agent conversations,
adaptive systems</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 122KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 142 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2002-05">2002/05: Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</a></h3>
<h4>W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies</h4>
 
<p>The technology sector of healthcare is entering a new evolutionary phase. The medical community has an obligation to the public to provide the safest, most effective healthcare possible. This is more achievable with the use of computer technology at the point of care, and small, portable devices could fulfil this role. A Modern Physician/PricewaterhouseCoopers 2001 survey on information technology in Physician practices found that 60% of respondents say that physicians in their organisation use PDAs, compare this with 26% in the 2000 technology survey. This trend is expected to continue to the point where these devices will have their position on a physician&#8217;s desk next to their stethoscope. Once this electronic evolution occurs, the practice of medicine will change. Doctors will be able to practice medicine with greater ease and safety. In our opinion, the new generation of PDA mobile devices will be the tools to enable a transformation of healthcare to a paperless, wireless world.</p>
 
<p>This article focuses on <em>uses for PDAs in health care</em>. Healthcare software is categorised into the following groups; reference/text book, calculators, patient management/logbook and personal clinical/study notebook. With a focus on the healthcare audience (the user), which can be registrar, consultant, nurse, student, teacher, patient, medical director and surgical.</p>
<p>This article focuses on uses for PDAs in health care. Healthcare software is categorised into the following groups; reference/text book, calculators, patient management/logbook and personal clinical/study notebook. With a focus on the healthcare audience (the user), which can be registrar, consultant, nurse, student, teacher, patient, medical director and surgical.</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 776KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 810 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3 class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</h3>
<h3><a name="dp2002-07">2002/07: St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997&#8211;2001)</a></h3>
<h4>J. Hayes</h4>
 
<p>The St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region Control Centre (the control centre) is located in Dunedin City and controls 56 ambulances based in 26 regional stations. The Southern Region covers an area of approximately 54,000 square kilometres, which has a usually resident population of 272,541 (Census, 2001). This report focuses on the dispatch and workload profile of the control centre between the 1st January 1997 and the 31st December 2001. During this period the control centre dispatched ambulances on approximately 135,822 occasions to a total of 118,759 incidents (this includes both emergency incidents and patient transfers). Based on an analysis of these incidents several key findings are discussed in this report. These include:</p>
  
 
<ul>
	<li>A 21.8% increase in the total number of incidents handled in the control centre between 1997 and 2001</li>
	<li>A 44 second increase in average activation times between 1997 and 2001</li>
	<li>A strong correlation between increased workload and increased activation times</li>
	<li>A large increase in activation times during low and medium workload periods</li>
</ul>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 128KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 158 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2002-08">2002/08: Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation</a></h3>
<h4>G. Dick and P. Whigham</h4>
 
<p>(No abstract.)</p>
 
<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>evolutionary computation,
selection,
spatial patterns</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2002-08.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 272 KB)</p>
 

            <link rel="Stylesheet" href="/infosci/styles.css" type="text/css">
<h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2002 Abstracts</h2>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-01">2002/01: Opal: A multi-level infrastructure for agent-oriented software development</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter</h4>

<p>The Opal architecture for software development is described that supports the use of agent-oriented concepts at multiple levels of abstraction. At the lowest level are micro-agents, streamlined agents that can be used for conventional, system-level programming tasks. More sophisticated agents may be constructed by assembling combinations of micro-agents. The architecture consequently supports the systematic use of agent-based notions throughout the software development process. The paper describes (a) the implementation of micro-agents in Java, (b) how they have been used to fashion the Opal framework for the construction of more complex agents based on the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) specifications, and (c) the Opal Conversation Manager that facilitates the capability of agents to conduct complex conversations with other agents.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 643 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-02">2002/02: Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink</h4>

<p>Environmental management and emergency response often involves the joint cooperation of a network of distributed problem solvers, each of which may be specialised for a specific task or problem domain. Some of these problem solvers could be human, others could be &#8216;intelligent&#8217; environmental monitoring and control systems. Environmental software systems are needed not only for the provision of basic environmental information but also to support the coordination of these problem solvers. An agent architecture can support the requirement associated with disparate problem solvers. The various stakeholders in the process are represented by software agents which can collaborate with each other toward achieving a particular goal. The communication between agents can be accomplished by using interaction protocols which are represented by coloured Petri nets (CPN). This paper describes an approach for providing this support by employing a software agent framework for the modelling and execution of environmental process tasks in a networked environment.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 114 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-03">2002/03: Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union</a></h3>
<h4>A. Moore, P. Whigham, C. Aldridge, A. Holt and K. Hodge</h4>

<p>The use of computer software as an aid to rugby, and sports coaching in general, is becoming increasingly utilized. Videoed sport is the most widely used form of raw data for sports analysis, though it is currently not being used to its full potential. Patterns of player movement and position, both for individuals and groupings of players, are important for understanding the complexities of professional team sports, and yet are not being adequately addressed.</p>

<p>This paper outlines a project that aims to support coaching and/or commentary by visualizing and measuring the similarity of video-derived spatiotemporal information, and enabling timely access to relevant video clips. Specifically, methods by which a user of spatially-enabled sports software can visualize spatio-temporal and rugby object information will be discussed. Two issues are examined: (1) powerful spatio-temporal representation techniques for rugby constructs (such as the pitch, players and amalgamations of players: team, scrum, lineout, backline) and (2) user interface design and how it enables rugby object representation alongside the spatio-temporal visualization facility.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>spatial,
temporal,
video,
representation,
object,
rugby</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 2.4 MB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-04">2002/04: Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Purvis and M. Nowostawski</h4>

<p>An area where multi-agent systems can be put to effective use is for the case of an open collection of autonomous problem solvers in a dynamically changing environment. One example of such a situation is that of environmental management and emergency response, which can require the joint cooperation of a distributed set of components, each one of which may be specialised for a specific task or problem domain. The various stakeholders in the process can all be represented and interfaced by software agents which collaborate with each other toward achieving a particular goal. For such situations new agents that arrive on the scene must be apprised of the group interaction protocols so that they can cooperate effectively with the existing agents. In this paper we show how this can be done by using coloured Petri net representations for each role in an interaction protocol and passing these nets dynamically to new agents that wish to participate in a group interaction. We argue that multi-agent systems are particularly suited for such dynamically changing environments, but their effectiveness depends on the their ability to use adaptive interaction protocols.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>multi-agent systems,
agent conversations,
adaptive systems</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 142 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-05">2002/05: Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</a></h3>
<h4>W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies</h4>

<p>The technology sector of healthcare is entering a new evolutionary phase. The medical community has an obligation to the public to provide the safest, most effective healthcare possible. This is more achievable with the use of computer technology at the point of care, and small, portable devices could fulfil this role. A Modern Physician/PricewaterhouseCoopers 2001 survey on information technology in Physician practices found that 60% of respondents say that physicians in their organisation use PDAs, compare this with 26% in the 2000 technology survey. This trend is expected to continue to the point where these devices will have their position on a physician&#8217;s desk next to their stethoscope. Once this electronic evolution occurs, the practice of medicine will change. Doctors will be able to practice medicine with greater ease and safety. In our opinion, the new generation of PDA mobile devices will be the tools to enable a transformation of healthcare to a paperless, wireless world.</p>

<p>This article focuses on uses for PDAs in health care. Healthcare software is categorised into the following groups; reference/text book, calculators, patient management/logbook and personal clinical/study notebook. With a focus on the healthcare audience (the user), which can be registrar, consultant, nurse, student, teacher, patient, medical director and surgical.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 810 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3 class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</h3>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-07">2002/07: St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997&#8211;2001)</a></h3>
<h4>J. Hayes</h4>

<p>The St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region Control Centre (the control centre) is located in Dunedin City and controls 56 ambulances based in 26 regional stations. The Southern Region covers an area of approximately 54,000 square kilometres, which has a usually resident population of 272,541 (Census, 2001). This report focuses on the dispatch and workload profile of the control centre between the 1st January 1997 and the 31st December 2001. During this period the control centre dispatched ambulances on approximately 135,822 occasions to a total of 118,759 incidents (this includes both emergency incidents and patient transfers). Based on an analysis of these incidents several key findings are discussed in this report. These include:</p>

<ul>
	<li>A 21.8% increase in the total number of incidents handled in the control centre between 1997 and 2001</li>
	<li>A 44 second increase in average activation times between 1997 and 2001</li>
	<li>A strong correlation between increased workload and increased activation times</li>
	<li>A large increase in activation times during low and medium workload periods</li>
</ul>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 158 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-08">2002/08: Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation</a></h3>
<h4>G. Dick and P. Whigham</h4>

<p>(No abstract.)</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>evolutionary computation,
selection,
spatial patterns</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-08.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 272 KB)</p>


            <link rel="Stylesheet" href="/infosci/styles.css" type="text/css">
<h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2002 Abstracts</h2>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-01">2002/01: Opal: A multi-level infrastructure for agent-oriented software development</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter</h4>

<p>The Opal architecture for software development is described that supports the use of agent-oriented concepts at multiple levels of abstraction. At the lowest level are micro-agents, streamlined agents that can be used for conventional, system-level programming tasks. More sophisticated agents may be constructed by assembling combinations of micro-agents. The architecture consequently supports the systematic use of agent-based notions throughout the software development process. The paper describes (a) the implementation of micro-agents in Java, (b) how they have been used to fashion the Opal framework for the construction of more complex agents based on the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) specifications, and (c) the Opal Conversation Manager that facilitates the capability of agents to conduct complex conversations with other agents.</p>


<p><a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 564KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-02">2002/02: Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink</h4>

<p>Environmental management and emergency response often involves the joint cooperation of a network of distributed problem solvers, each of which may be specialised for a specific task or problem domain. Some of these problem solvers could be human, others could be &#8216;intelligent&#8217; environmental monitoring and control systems. Environmental software systems are needed not only for the provision of basic environmental information but also to support the coordination of these problem solvers. An agent architecture can support the requirement associated with disparate problem solvers. The various stakeholders in the process are represented by software agents which can collaborate with each other toward achieving a particular goal. The communication between agents can be accomplished by using interaction protocols which are represented by coloured Petri nets (CPN). This paper describes an approach for providing this support by employing a software agent framework for the modelling and execution of environmental process tasks in a networked environment.</p>


<p><a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 94KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-03">2002/03: Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union</a></h3>
<h4>A. Moore, P. Whigham, C. Aldridge, A. Holt and K. Hodge</h4>

<p>The use of computer software as an aid to rugby, and sports coaching in general, is becoming increasingly utilized. Videoed sport is the most widely used form of raw data for sports analysis, though it is currently not being used to its full potential. Patterns of player movement and position, both for individuals and groupings of players, are important for understanding the complexities of professional team sports, and yet are not being adequately addressed.</p>

<p>This paper outlines a project that aims to support coaching and/or commentary by visualizing and measuring the similarity of video-derived spatiotemporal information, and enabling timely access to relevant video clips. Specifically, methods by which a user of spatially-enabled sports software can visualize spatio-temporal and rugby object information will be discussed. Two issues are examined: (1) powerful spatio-temporal representation techniques for rugby constructs (such as the pitch, players and amalgamations of players: team, scrum, lineout, backline) and (2) user interface design and how it enables rugby object representation alongside the spatio-temporal visualization facility.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>spatial,
temporal,
video,
representation,
object,
rugby</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 2.3MB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-04">2002/04: Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment</a></h3>
<h4>M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Purvis and M. Nowostawski</h4>

<p>An area where multi-agent systems can be put to effective use is for the case of an open collection of autonomous problem solvers in a dynamically changing environment. One example of such a situation is that of environmental management and emergency response, which can require the joint cooperation of a distributed set of components, each one of which may be specialised for a specific task or problem domain. The various stakeholders in the process can all be represented and interfaced by software agents which collaborate with each other toward achieving a particular goal. For such situations new agents that arrive on the scene must be apprised of the group interaction protocols so that they can cooperate effectively with the existing agents. In this paper we show how this can be done by using coloured Petri net representations for each role in an interaction protocol and passing these nets dynamically to new agents that wish to participate in a group interaction. We argue that multi-agent systems are particularly suited for such dynamically changing environments, but their effectiveness depends on the their ability to use adaptive interaction protocols.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>multi-agent systems,
agent conversations,
adaptive systems</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 122KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-05">2002/05: Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</a></h3>
<h4>W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies</h4>

<p>The technology sector of healthcare is entering a new evolutionary phase. The medical community has an obligation to the public to provide the safest, most effective healthcare possible. This is more achievable with the use of computer technology at the point of care, and small, portable devices could fulfil this role. A Modern Physician/PricewaterhouseCoopers 2001 survey on information technology in Physician practices found that 60% of respondents say that physicians in their organisation use PDAs, compare this with 26% in the 2000 technology survey. This trend is expected to continue to the point where these devices will have their position on a physician&#8217;s desk next to their stethoscope. Once this electronic evolution occurs, the practice of medicine will change. Doctors will be able to practice medicine with greater ease and safety. In our opinion, the new generation of PDA mobile devices will be the tools to enable a transformation of healthcare to a paperless, wireless world.</p>

<p>This article focuses on <em>uses for PDAs in health care</em>. Healthcare software is categorised into the following groups; reference/text book, calculators, patient management/logbook and personal clinical/study notebook. With a focus on the healthcare audience (the user), which can be registrar, consultant, nurse, student, teacher, patient, medical director and surgical.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 776KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3 class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</h3>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2002-07">2002/07: St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997&#8211;2001)</a></h3>
<h4>J. Hayes</h4>

<p>The St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region Control Centre (the control centre) is located in Dunedin City and controls 56 ambulances based in 26 regional stations. The Southern Region covers an area of approximately 54,000 square kilometres, which has a usually resident population of 272,541 (Census, 2001). This report focuses on the dispatch and workload profile of the control centre between the 1st January 1997 and the 31st December 2001. During this period the control centre dispatched ambulances on approximately 135,822 occasions to a total of 118,759 incidents (this includes both emergency incidents and patient transfers). Based on an analysis of these incidents several key findings are discussed in this report. These include:</p>
  
<ul>
	<li>A 21.8% increase in the total number of incidents handled in the control centre between 1997 and 2001</li>
	<li>A 44 second increase in average activation times between 1997 and 2001</li>
	<li>A strong correlation between increased workload and increased activation times</li>
	<li>A large increase in activation times during low and medium workload periods</li>
</ul>

<p><a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 128KB)</p>
 <h4>M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter</h4>
 <p>The Opal architecture for software development is described that supports the use of agent-oriented concepts at multiple levels of abstraction. At the lowest level are micro-agents, streamlined agents that can be used for conventional, system-level programming tasks. More sophisticated agents may be constructed by assembling combinations of micro-agents. The architecture consequently supports the systematic use of agent-based notions throughout the software development process. The paper describes (a) the implementation of micro-agents in Java, (b) how they have been used to fashion the Opal framework for the construction of more complex agents based on the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) specifications, and (c) the Opal Conversation Manager that facilitates the capability of agents to conduct complex conversations with other agents.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 564KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 643 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2002-02">2002/02: Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers</a></h3>
 <h4>M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink</h4>
 <p>Environmental management and emergency response often involves the joint cooperation of a network of distributed problem solvers, each of which may be specialised for a specific task or problem domain. Some of these problem solvers could be human, others could be &#8216;intelligent&#8217; environmental monitoring and control systems. Environmental software systems are needed not only for the provision of basic environmental information but also to support the coordination of these problem solvers. An agent architecture can support the requirement associated with disparate problem solvers. The various stakeholders in the process are represented by software agents which can collaborate with each other toward achieving a particular goal. The communication between agents can be accomplished by using interaction protocols which are represented by coloured Petri nets (CPN). This paper describes an approach for providing this support by employing a software agent framework for the modelling and execution of environmental process tasks in a networked environment.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 94KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 114 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2002-03">2002/03: Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union</a></h3>
 representation,
 object,
 rugby</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 2.3MB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 2.4 MB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2002-04">2002/04: Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment</a></h3>
 <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>multi-agent systems,
 agent conversations,
 adaptive systems</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 122KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 142 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2002-05">2002/05: Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</a></h3>
 <h4>W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies</h4>
 <p>The technology sector of healthcare is entering a new evolutionary phase. The medical community has an obligation to the public to provide the safest, most effective healthcare possible. This is more achievable with the use of computer technology at the point of care, and small, portable devices could fulfil this role. A Modern Physician/PricewaterhouseCoopers 2001 survey on information technology in Physician practices found that 60% of respondents say that physicians in their organisation use PDAs, compare this with 26% in the 2000 technology survey. This trend is expected to continue to the point where these devices will have their position on a physician&#8217;s desk next to their stethoscope. Once this electronic evolution occurs, the practice of medicine will change. Doctors will be able to practice medicine with greater ease and safety. In our opinion, the new generation of PDA mobile devices will be the tools to enable a transformation of healthcare to a paperless, wireless world.</p>
+<p>This article focuses on <em>uses for PDAs in health care</em>. Healthcare software is categorised into the following groups; reference/text book, calculators, patient management/logbook and personal clinical/study notebook. With a focus on the healthcare audience (the user), which can be registrar, consultant, nurse, student, teacher, patient, medical director and surgical.</p>
+<p>This article focuses on uses for PDAs in health care. Healthcare software is categorised into the following groups; reference/text book, calculators, patient management/logbook and personal clinical/study notebook. With a focus on the healthcare audience (the user), which can be registrar, consultant, nurse, student, teacher, patient, medical director and surgical.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 776KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 810 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3 class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</h3>
 <h3><a name="dp2002-07">2002/07: St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997&#8211;2001)</a></h3>
 <h4>J. Hayes</h4>
 <p>The St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region Control Centre (the control centre) is located in Dunedin City and controls 56 ambulances based in 26 regional stations. The Southern Region covers an area of approximately 54,000 square kilometres, which has a usually resident population of 272,541 (Census, 2001). This report focuses on the dispatch and workload profile of the control centre between the 1st January 1997 and the 31st December 2001. During this period the control centre dispatched ambulances on approximately 135,822 occasions to a total of 118,759 incidents (this includes both emergency incidents and patient transfers). Based on an analysis of these incidents several key findings are discussed in this report. These include:</p>
 <ul>
 	<li>A 21.8% increase in the total number of incidents handled in the control centre between 1997 and 2001</li>
 	<li>A 44 second increase in average activation times between 1997 and 2001</li>
 	<li>A strong correlation between increased workload and increased activation times</li>
 	<li>A large increase in activation times during low and medium workload periods</li>
 </ul>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 128KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 158 KB)</p>
+<hr>
+<h3><a name="dp2002-08">2002/08: Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation</a></h3>
+<h4>G. Dick and P. Whigham</h4>
+<p>(No abstract.)</p>
+<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>evolutionary computation,
+selection,
+spatial patterns</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2002-08.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 272 KB)</p>

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          18 ■■■■■
          Website/dp2003-abstracts-contents.htm
 <h4>B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor</h4>
 
<p>The process for requirements elicitation has traditionally been based on textual descriptions or graphical models using UML. While these may have worked for the design of desktop-based systems, we argue, that these notations are not adequate for a dialog with mobile end users, in particular for end users in &#8220;blue collar&#8221; application domains. We propose an alternative modelling technique &#8220;Software Cinema&#8221; based on the use of digital videos. We discuss one particular example of using Software cinema in the design of a user interface for a navigation system of a mobile end user.</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 244KB)</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 349 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2003-02">2003/02: Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system</a></h3>
 
<p>In FIPA-style multi-agent systems, agents coordinate their activities by sending messages representing particular communicative acts (or performatives). Agent communication languages must strike a balance between simplicity and expressiveness by defining a limited set of communicative act types that fit the communication needs of a wide set of problems. More complex requirements for particular problems must then be handled by defining domain-specific predicates and actions within ontologies. This paper examines the communication needs of a multi-agent distributed information retrieval system and discusses how well these are met by the FIPA ACL.</p>
 
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 322KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 377 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2003-03">2003/03: Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction</a></h3>
connectionist model,
expectation and maximization,
Gauss probability density distribution</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 450KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 550 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2003-04">2003/04: An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development</a></h3>
<h4>C. van Koten</h4>
 
<p>Accurate effort prediction is often an important factor for successful software development. However, the diversity of software development tools observed today has resulted in a situation where existing effort prediction models&#8217; applicability appears to be limited. Data-centred fourth-generation-language (4GL) software development provides one such difficulty. This paper aims to construct an accurate effort prediction model for data-centred 4GL development where a specific tool suite is used. Using historical data collected from 17 systems developed in the target environment, several linear regression models are constructed and evaluated in terms of two commonly used prediction accuracy measures, namely the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and pred measures. In addition, R<sup>2</sup>, the maximum value of MRE, and statistics of the absolute residuals are used for comparing the models. The results show that models consisting of specification-based software size metrics, which were derived from Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) and Function Hierarchy Diagrams (FHDs), achieve good prediction accuracy in the target environment. The models&#8217; good effort prediction ability is particularly beneficial because specification-based metrics usually become available at an early stage of development. This paper also investigates the effect of developers&#8217; productivity on effort prediction and has found that inclusion of productivity improves the models&#8217; prediction accuracy further. However, additional studies will be required in order to establish the best productivity inclusive effort prediction model.</p>
<p>Accurate effort prediction is often an important factor for successful software development. However, the diversity of software development tools observed today has resulted in a situation where existing effort prediction models&#8217; applicability appears to be limited. Data-centred fourth-generation-language (4GL) software development provides one such difficulty. This paper aims to construct an accurate effort prediction model for data-centred 4GL development where a specific tool suite is used. Using historical data collected from 17 systems developed in the target environment, several linear regression models are constructed and evaluated in terms of two commonly used prediction accuracy measures, namely the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and pred measures. In addition, R2, the maximum value of MRE, and statistics of the absolute residuals are used for comparing the models. The results show that models consisting of specification-based software size metrics, which were derived from Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) and Function Hierarchy Diagrams (FHDs), achieve good prediction accuracy in the target environment. The models&#8217; good effort prediction ability is particularly beneficial because specification-based metrics usually become available at an early stage of development. This paper also investigates the effect of developers&#8217; productivity on effort prediction and has found that inclusion of productivity improves the models&#8217; prediction accuracy further. However, additional studies will be required in order to establish the best productivity inclusive effort prediction model.</p>
 
<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>prediction systems,
4GL,
effort,
metrics,
empirical analysis</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 364KB)</p>
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 397 KB)</p>
 
<hr>
 
<h3><a name="dp2003-05">2003/05: Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;)</a></h3>
<h4>A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong</h4>
 
<p>It is a standard aim to complete tasks efficiently and effectively. When technology is involved, the tools must be designed to facilitate optimal performance. The ActualDepth&#8482; Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;) is a &#8216;new generation&#8217; display, consisting of two layered Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), with a region of space between them. The top LCD displays transparently, allowing both layers to be viewed simultaneously. This paper describes an experiment that investigated relative reading speeds, error detection, comprehension speeds and comprehension accuracy on the MLD&#8482;, including a comparison with standard single layered displays. A framework pertaining to colour and transparency usage on the MLD&#8482; was then developed, which is intended to enhance the usability and effectiveness of the display. In general, it was found that overall readability was improved on the MLD&#8482;, compared to a standard display, and different transparency levels and colours should be employed, depending on the purpose of reading the text.</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 228KB)</p>
 
<p><a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 248 KB)</p>

            <link rel="Stylesheet" href="/infosci/styles.css" type="text/css">
<h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2003 Abstracts</h2>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-01">2003/01: Software cinema</a></h3>
<h4>B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor</h4>

<p>The process for requirements elicitation has traditionally been based on textual descriptions or graphical models using UML. While these may have worked for the design of desktop-based systems, we argue, that these notations are not adequate for a dialog with mobile end users, in particular for end users in &#8220;blue collar&#8221; application domains. We propose an alternative modelling technique &#8220;Software Cinema&#8221; based on the use of digital videos. We discuss one particular example of using Software cinema in the design of a user interface for a navigation system of a mobile end user.</p>


<p><a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 349 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-02">2003/02: Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system</a></h3>
<h4>M. Nowostawski, D. Carter, S. Cranefield and M. Purvis</h4>

<p>In FIPA-style multi-agent systems, agents coordinate their activities by sending messages representing particular communicative acts (or performatives). Agent communication languages must strike a balance between simplicity and expressiveness by defining a limited set of communicative act types that fit the communication needs of a wide set of problems. More complex requirements for particular problems must then be handled by defining domain-specific predicates and actions within ontologies. This paper examines the communication needs of a multi-agent distributed information retrieval system and discusses how well these are met by the FIPA ACL.</p>


<p><a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 377 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-03">2003/03: Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction</a></h3>
<h4>X. Wang, P. Whigham and D. Deng</h4>

<p>A modularised connectionist model, based on the Mixture of Experts (ME) algorithm for time series prediction, is introduced. A set of connectionist modules learn to be local experts over some commonly appearing states of a time series. The dynamics for mixing the experts is a Markov process, in which the states of a time series are regarded as states of a HMM. Hence, there is a Markov chain along the time series and each state associates to a local expert. The state transition on the Markov chain is the process of activating a different local expert or activating some of them simultaneously by different probabilities generated from the HMM. The state transition property in the HMM is designed to be time-variant and conditional on the first order dynamics of the time series. A modified Baum&#8211;Welch algorithm is introduced for the training of the time-variant HMM and it has been proved that by EM process the likelihood function will converge to a local minimum. Experiments, with two time series, show this approach achieves significant improvement in the generalisation performance over global models.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>series prediction,
Mixture of Experts,
HMM,
connectionist model,
expectation and maximization,
Gauss probability density distribution</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 550 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-04">2003/04: An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development</a></h3>
<h4>C. van Koten</h4>

<p>Accurate effort prediction is often an important factor for successful software development. However, the diversity of software development tools observed today has resulted in a situation where existing effort prediction models&#8217; applicability appears to be limited. Data-centred fourth-generation-language (4GL) software development provides one such difficulty. This paper aims to construct an accurate effort prediction model for data-centred 4GL development where a specific tool suite is used. Using historical data collected from 17 systems developed in the target environment, several linear regression models are constructed and evaluated in terms of two commonly used prediction accuracy measures, namely the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and pred measures. In addition, R2, the maximum value of MRE, and statistics of the absolute residuals are used for comparing the models. The results show that models consisting of specification-based software size metrics, which were derived from Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) and Function Hierarchy Diagrams (FHDs), achieve good prediction accuracy in the target environment. The models&#8217; good effort prediction ability is particularly beneficial because specification-based metrics usually become available at an early stage of development. This paper also investigates the effect of developers&#8217; productivity on effort prediction and has found that inclusion of productivity improves the models&#8217; prediction accuracy further. However, additional studies will be required in order to establish the best productivity inclusive effort prediction model.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>prediction systems,
4GL,
effort,
metrics,
empirical analysis</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 397 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-05">2003/05: Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;)</a></h3>
<h4>A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong</h4>

<p>It is a standard aim to complete tasks efficiently and effectively. When technology is involved, the tools must be designed to facilitate optimal performance. The ActualDepth&#8482; Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;) is a &#8216;new generation&#8217; display, consisting of two layered Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), with a region of space between them. The top LCD displays transparently, allowing both layers to be viewed simultaneously. This paper describes an experiment that investigated relative reading speeds, error detection, comprehension speeds and comprehension accuracy on the MLD&#8482;, including a comparison with standard single layered displays. A framework pertaining to colour and transparency usage on the MLD&#8482; was then developed, which is intended to enhance the usability and effectiveness of the display. In general, it was found that overall readability was improved on the MLD&#8482;, compared to a standard display, and different transparency levels and colours should be employed, depending on the purpose of reading the text.</p>


<p><a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 248 KB)</p>

            <link rel="Stylesheet" href="/infosci/styles.css" type="text/css">
<h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2003 Abstracts</h2>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-01">2003/01: Software cinema</a></h3>
<h4>B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor</h4>

<p>The process for requirements elicitation has traditionally been based on textual descriptions or graphical models using UML. While these may have worked for the design of desktop-based systems, we argue, that these notations are not adequate for a dialog with mobile end users, in particular for end users in &#8220;blue collar&#8221; application domains. We propose an alternative modelling technique &#8220;Software Cinema&#8221; based on the use of digital videos. We discuss one particular example of using Software cinema in the design of a user interface for a navigation system of a mobile end user.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 244KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-02">2003/02: Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system</a></h3>
<h4>M. Nowostawski, D. Carter, S. Cranefield and M. Purvis</h4>

<p>In FIPA-style multi-agent systems, agents coordinate their activities by sending messages representing particular communicative acts (or performatives). Agent communication languages must strike a balance between simplicity and expressiveness by defining a limited set of communicative act types that fit the communication needs of a wide set of problems. More complex requirements for particular problems must then be handled by defining domain-specific predicates and actions within ontologies. This paper examines the communication needs of a multi-agent distributed information retrieval system and discusses how well these are met by the FIPA ACL.</p>


<p><a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 322KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-03">2003/03: Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction</a></h3>
<h4>X. Wang, P. Whigham and D. Deng</h4>

<p>A modularised connectionist model, based on the Mixture of Experts (ME) algorithm for time series prediction, is introduced. A set of connectionist modules learn to be local experts over some commonly appearing states of a time series. The dynamics for mixing the experts is a Markov process, in which the states of a time series are regarded as states of a HMM. Hence, there is a Markov chain along the time series and each state associates to a local expert. The state transition on the Markov chain is the process of activating a different local expert or activating some of them simultaneously by different probabilities generated from the HMM. The state transition property in the HMM is designed to be time-variant and conditional on the first order dynamics of the time series. A modified Baum&#8211;Welch algorithm is introduced for the training of the time-variant HMM and it has been proved that by EM process the likelihood function will converge to a local minimum. Experiments, with two time series, show this approach achieves significant improvement in the generalisation performance over global models.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>series prediction,
Mixture of Experts,
HMM,
connectionist model,
expectation and maximization,
Gauss probability density distribution</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 450KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-04">2003/04: An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development</a></h3>
<h4>C. van Koten</h4>

<p>Accurate effort prediction is often an important factor for successful software development. However, the diversity of software development tools observed today has resulted in a situation where existing effort prediction models&#8217; applicability appears to be limited. Data-centred fourth-generation-language (4GL) software development provides one such difficulty. This paper aims to construct an accurate effort prediction model for data-centred 4GL development where a specific tool suite is used. Using historical data collected from 17 systems developed in the target environment, several linear regression models are constructed and evaluated in terms of two commonly used prediction accuracy measures, namely the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and pred measures. In addition, R<sup>2</sup>, the maximum value of MRE, and statistics of the absolute residuals are used for comparing the models. The results show that models consisting of specification-based software size metrics, which were derived from Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) and Function Hierarchy Diagrams (FHDs), achieve good prediction accuracy in the target environment. The models&#8217; good effort prediction ability is particularly beneficial because specification-based metrics usually become available at an early stage of development. This paper also investigates the effect of developers&#8217; productivity on effort prediction and has found that inclusion of productivity improves the models&#8217; prediction accuracy further. However, additional studies will be required in order to establish the best productivity inclusive effort prediction model.</p>

<p><strong>Keywords: </strong>prediction systems,
4GL,
effort,
metrics,
empirical analysis</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 364KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2003-05">2003/05: Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;)</a></h3>
<h4>A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong</h4>

<p>It is a standard aim to complete tasks efficiently and effectively. When technology is involved, the tools must be designed to facilitate optimal performance. The ActualDepth&#8482; Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;) is a &#8216;new generation&#8217; display, consisting of two layered Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), with a region of space between them. The top LCD displays transparently, allowing both layers to be viewed simultaneously. This paper describes an experiment that investigated relative reading speeds, error detection, comprehension speeds and comprehension accuracy on the MLD&#8482;, including a comparison with standard single layered displays. A framework pertaining to colour and transparency usage on the MLD&#8482; was then developed, which is intended to enhance the usability and effectiveness of the display. In general, it was found that overall readability was improved on the MLD&#8482;, compared to a standard display, and different transparency levels and colours should be employed, depending on the purpose of reading the text.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 228KB)</p>
 <h4>B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor</h4>
 <p>The process for requirements elicitation has traditionally been based on textual descriptions or graphical models using UML. While these may have worked for the design of desktop-based systems, we argue, that these notations are not adequate for a dialog with mobile end users, in particular for end users in &#8220;blue collar&#8221; application domains. We propose an alternative modelling technique &#8220;Software Cinema&#8221; based on the use of digital videos. We discuss one particular example of using Software cinema in the design of a user interface for a navigation system of a mobile end user.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 244KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 349 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2003-02">2003/02: Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system</a></h3>
 <p>In FIPA-style multi-agent systems, agents coordinate their activities by sending messages representing particular communicative acts (or performatives). Agent communication languages must strike a balance between simplicity and expressiveness by defining a limited set of communicative act types that fit the communication needs of a wide set of problems. More complex requirements for particular problems must then be handled by defining domain-specific predicates and actions within ontologies. This paper examines the communication needs of a multi-agent distributed information retrieval system and discusses how well these are met by the FIPA ACL.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 322KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 377 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2003-03">2003/03: Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction</a></h3>
 connectionist model,
 expectation and maximization,
 Gauss probability density distribution</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 450KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 550 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2003-04">2003/04: An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development</a></h3>
 <h4>C. van Koten</h4>
+<p>Accurate effort prediction is often an important factor for successful software development. However, the diversity of software development tools observed today has resulted in a situation where existing effort prediction models&#8217; applicability appears to be limited. Data-centred fourth-generation-language (4GL) software development provides one such difficulty. This paper aims to construct an accurate effort prediction model for data-centred 4GL development where a specific tool suite is used. Using historical data collected from 17 systems developed in the target environment, several linear regression models are constructed and evaluated in terms of two commonly used prediction accuracy measures, namely the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and pred measures. In addition, R<sup>2</sup>, the maximum value of MRE, and statistics of the absolute residuals are used for comparing the models. The results show that models consisting of specification-based software size metrics, which were derived from Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) and Function Hierarchy Diagrams (FHDs), achieve good prediction accuracy in the target environment. The models&#8217; good effort prediction ability is particularly beneficial because specification-based metrics usually become available at an early stage of development. This paper also investigates the effect of developers&#8217; productivity on effort prediction and has found that inclusion of productivity improves the models&#8217; prediction accuracy further. However, additional studies will be required in order to establish the best productivity inclusive effort prediction model.</p>
+<p>Accurate effort prediction is often an important factor for successful software development. However, the diversity of software development tools observed today has resulted in a situation where existing effort prediction models&#8217; applicability appears to be limited. Data-centred fourth-generation-language (4GL) software development provides one such difficulty. This paper aims to construct an accurate effort prediction model for data-centred 4GL development where a specific tool suite is used. Using historical data collected from 17 systems developed in the target environment, several linear regression models are constructed and evaluated in terms of two commonly used prediction accuracy measures, namely the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and pred measures. In addition, R2, the maximum value of MRE, and statistics of the absolute residuals are used for comparing the models. The results show that models consisting of specification-based software size metrics, which were derived from Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) and Function Hierarchy Diagrams (FHDs), achieve good prediction accuracy in the target environment. The models&#8217; good effort prediction ability is particularly beneficial because specification-based metrics usually become available at an early stage of development. This paper also investigates the effect of developers&#8217; productivity on effort prediction and has found that inclusion of productivity improves the models&#8217; prediction accuracy further. However, additional studies will be required in order to establish the best productivity inclusive effort prediction model.</p>
 <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>prediction systems,
 GL,
 effort,
 metrics,
 empirical analysis</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 364KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 397 KB)</p>
 <hr>
 <h3><a name="dp2003-05">2003/05: Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;)</a></h3>
 <h4>A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong</h4>
 <p>It is a standard aim to complete tasks efficiently and effectively. When technology is involved, the tools must be designed to facilitate optimal performance. The ActualDepth&#8482; Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;) is a &#8216;new generation&#8217; display, consisting of two layered Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), with a region of space between them. The top LCD displays transparently, allowing both layers to be viewed simultaneously. This paper describes an experiment that investigated relative reading speeds, error detection, comprehension speeds and comprehension accuracy on the MLD&#8482;, including a comparison with standard single layered displays. A framework pertaining to colour and transparency usage on the MLD&#8482; was then developed, which is intended to enhance the usability and effectiveness of the display. In general, it was found that overall readability was improved on the MLD&#8482;, compared to a standard display, and different transparency levels and colours should be employed, depending on the purpose of reading the text.</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (gzipped PDF, 228KB)</p>
+<p><a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 248 KB)</p>

Ignore Space Show notes View Website/dp2005-abstracts-contents.htm
<link rel="Stylesheet" href="/infosci/styles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2005 Abstracts</h2> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-01">2005/01: A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems</a></h3> <h4>S. Cranefield</h4> <p>This paper proposes a rule language for defining social expectations based on a metric interval temporal logic with past and future modalities and a current time binding operator. An algorithm for run-time monitoring compliance of rules in this language based on formula progression is also presented.</p> <p><a href="papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 192KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-02">2005/02: An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability</a></h3> <h4>C. van Koten and A. Gray</h4> <p>As the number of object-oriented software systems increases, it becomes more important for organizations to maintain those systems effectively. However, currently only a small number of maintainability prediction models are available for objectoriented systems. This paper presents a Bayesian network maintainability prediction model for an object-oriented software system. The model is constructed using object-oriented metric data in Li and Henry’s datasets, which were collected from two different object-oriented systems. Prediction accuracy of the model is evaluated and compared with commonly used regression-based models. The results suggest that the Bayesian network model can predict maintainability more accurately than the regression-based models for one system, and almost as accurately as the best regression-based model for the other system.</p> <p><a href="papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 289KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-03">2005/03: Experiments with evolvable virtual machines</a></h3> <h4>M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis</h4> <p>Increasing complexity of software applications forces researchers to look for automated ways of programming and adapting these systems. Self-adapting, self-organising software system is one of the possible ways to tackle and manage higher complexity. A set of small independent problem solvers, working together in a dynamic environment, solving multiple tasks, and dynamically adapting to changing requirements is one way of achieving true self-adaptation in software systems. Our work presents a dynamic multi-task environment and experiments with a self-adapting software system. The Evolvable Virtual Machine (EVM) architecture is a model for building complex hierarchically organised software systems. The intrinsic properties of EVM allow the independent programs to evolve into higher levels of complexity, in a way analogous to multi-level, or hierarchical evolutionary processes. The EVM is designed to evolve structures of self-maintaining, self-adapting ensembles, that are open-ended and hierarchically organised. This article discusses the EVM architecture together with different statistical exploration methods that can be used with it. Based on experimental results, certain behaviours that exhibit self-adaptation in the EVM system are discussed.</p> <p><a href="papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 877KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-04">2005/04: A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom</a></h3> <h4>D. Williamson and N. Stanger</h4> <p>Cost is a major obstacle to the adoption of large-scale data integration solutions by small to medium enterprises (SME’s). We therefore propose a lightweight data integration architecture built around the Atom XML syndication format, which may provide a cost-effective alternative technology for SME’s to facilitate data integration, compared to expensive enterprise grade systems. The paper discusses the underlying principles and motivation for the architecture, the structure of the architecture itself, and our research goals.</p> <p><a href="papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 301KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-05">2005/05: Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems</a></h3> <h4>B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield</h4> <p>Rapid changes in the business environment call for more flexible and adaptive workflow systems. Researchers have proposed that Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) comprising multiple agents can provide these capabilities. We have developed a multi-agent based workflow system, JBees, which supports distributed process models and the adaptability of executing processes. Modern workflow systems should also have the flexibility to integrate available web services as they are updated. In this paper we discuss how our agent-based architecture can be used to bind and access web services in the context of executing a workflow process model. We use an example from the diamond processing industry to show how our agent architecture can be used to integrate web services with WfMSs.</p> <p><a href="papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 439 KB)</p> <link rel="Stylesheet" href="/infosci/styles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2005 Abstracts</h2> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-01">2005/01: A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems</a></h3> <h4>S. Cranefield</h4> <p>This paper proposes a rule language for defining social expectations based on a metric interval temporal logic with past and future modalities and a current time binding operator. An algorithm for run-time monitoring compliance of rules in this language based on formula progression is also presented.</p> <p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 192KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-02">2005/02: An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability</a></h3> <h4>C. van Koten and A. Gray</h4> <p>As the number of object-oriented software systems increases, it becomes more important for organizations to maintain those systems effectively. However, currently only a small number of maintainability prediction models are available for objectoriented systems. This paper presents a Bayesian network maintainability prediction model for an object-oriented software system. The model is constructed using object-oriented metric data in Li and Henry’s datasets, which were collected from two different object-oriented systems. Prediction accuracy of the model is evaluated and compared with commonly used regression-based models. The results suggest that the Bayesian network model can predict maintainability more accurately than the regression-based models for one system, and almost as accurately as the best regression-based model for the other system.</p> <p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 289KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-03">2005/03: Experiments with evolvable virtual machines</a></h3> <h4>M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis</h4> <p>Increasing complexity of software applications forces researchers to look for automated ways of programming and adapting these systems. Self-adapting, self-organising software system is one of the possible ways to tackle and manage higher complexity. A set of small independent problem solvers, working together in a dynamic environment, solving multiple tasks, and dynamically adapting to changing requirements is one way of achieving true self-adaptation in software systems. Our work presents a dynamic multi-task environment and experiments with a self-adapting software system. The Evolvable Virtual Machine (EVM) architecture is a model for building complex hierarchically organised software systems. The intrinsic properties of EVM allow the independent programs to evolve into higher levels of complexity, in a way analogous to multi-level, or hierarchical evolutionary processes. The EVM is designed to evolve structures of self-maintaining, self-adapting ensembles, that are open-ended and hierarchically organised. This article discusses the EVM architecture together with different statistical exploration methods that can be used with it. Based on experimental results, certain behaviours that exhibit self-adaptation in the EVM system are discussed.</p> <p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 877KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-04">2005/04: A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom</a></h3> <h4>D. Williamson and N. Stanger</h4> <p>Cost is a major obstacle to the adoption of large-scale data integration solutions by small to medium enterprises (SME’s). We therefore propose a lightweight data integration architecture built around the Atom XML syndication format, which may provide a cost-effective alternative technology for SME’s to facilitate data integration, compared to expensive enterprise grade systems. The paper discusses the underlying principles and motivation for the architecture, the structure of the architecture itself, and our research goals.</p> <p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 301KB)</p> <hr> <h3><a name="dp2005-05">2005/05: Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems</a></h3> <h4>B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield</h4> <p>Rapid changes in the business environment call for more flexible and adaptive workflow systems. Researchers have proposed that Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) comprising multiple agents can provide these capabilities. We have developed a multi-agent based workflow system, JBees, which supports distributed process models and the adaptability of executing processes. Modern workflow systems should also have the flexibility to integrate available web services as they are updated. In this paper we discuss how our agent-based architecture can be used to bind and access web services in the context of executing a workflow process model. We use an example from the diamond processing industry to show how our agent architecture can be used to integrate web services with WfMSs.</p> <p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 439 KB)</p>

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<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-01">2005/01: A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems</a></h3>
<h4>S. Cranefield</h4>

<p>This paper proposes a rule language for defining social expectations based on a metric interval temporal logic with past and future modalities and a current time binding operator. An algorithm for run-time monitoring compliance of rules in this language based on formula progression is also presented.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 192KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-02">2005/02: An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability</a></h3>
<h4>C. van Koten and A. Gray</h4>

<p>As the number of object-oriented software systems increases, it becomes more important for organizations to maintain those systems effectively. However, currently only a small number of maintainability prediction models are available for objectoriented systems. This paper presents a Bayesian network maintainability prediction model for an object-oriented software system. The model is constructed using object-oriented metric data in Li and Henry&#8217;s datasets, which were collected from two different object-oriented systems. Prediction accuracy of the model is evaluated and compared with commonly used regression-based models. The results suggest that the Bayesian network model can predict maintainability more accurately than the regression-based models for one system, and almost as accurately as the best regression-based model for the other system.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 289KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-03">2005/03: Experiments with evolvable virtual machines</a></h3>
<h4>M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis</h4>

<p>Increasing complexity of software applications forces researchers to look for automated ways of programming and adapting these systems. Self-adapting, self-organising software system is one of the possible ways to tackle and manage higher complexity. A set of small independent problem solvers, working together in a dynamic environment, solving multiple tasks, and dynamically adapting to changing requirements is one way of achieving true self-adaptation in software systems. Our work presents a dynamic multi-task environment and experiments with a self-adapting software system. The Evolvable Virtual Machine (EVM) architecture is a model for building complex hierarchically organised software systems. The intrinsic properties of EVM allow the independent programs to evolve into higher levels of complexity, in a way analogous to multi-level, or hierarchical evolutionary processes. The EVM is designed to evolve structures of self-maintaining, self-adapting ensembles, that are open-ended and hierarchically organised. This article discusses the EVM architecture together with different statistical exploration methods that can be used with it. Based on experimental results, certain behaviours that exhibit self-adaptation in the EVM system are discussed.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 877KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-04">2005/04: A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom</a></h3>
<h4>D. Williamson and N. Stanger</h4>

<p>Cost is a major obstacle to the adoption of large-scale data integration solutions by small to medium enterprises (SME&#8217;s). We therefore propose a lightweight data integration architecture built around the Atom XML syndication format, which may provide a cost-effective alternative technology for SME&#8217;s to facilitate data integration, compared to expensive enterprise grade systems. The paper discusses the underlying principles and motivation for the architecture, the structure of the architecture itself, and our research goals.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 301KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-05">2005/05: Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems</a></h3>
<h4>B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield</h4>

<p>Rapid changes in the business environment call for more flexible and adaptive workflow systems. Researchers have proposed that Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) comprising multiple agents can provide these capabilities. We have developed a multi-agent based workflow system, JBees, which supports distributed process models and the adaptability of executing processes. Modern workflow systems should also have the flexibility to integrate available web services as they are updated. In this paper we discuss how our agent-based architecture can be used to bind and access web services in the context of executing a workflow process model. We use an example from the diamond processing industry to show how our agent architecture can be used to integrate web services with WfMSs.</p>

<p><a href="papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 439 KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-01">2005/01: A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems</a></h3>
<h4>S. Cranefield</h4>

<p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 192KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-02">2005/02: An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability</a></h3>
<h4>C. van Koten and A. Gray</h4>

<p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 289KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-03">2005/03: Experiments with evolvable virtual machines</a></h3>
<h4>M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis</h4>

<p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 877KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-04">2005/04: A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom</a></h3>
<h4>D. Williamson and N. Stanger</h4>

<p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 301KB)</p>

<hr>

<h3><a name="dp2005-05">2005/05: Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems</a></h3>
<h4>B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield</h4>

<p><a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (PDF, 439 KB)</p>

Ignore Space Show notes View Website/dps2002-include.htm
<link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2002</h2> <?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <h3><a name="2002">2002</a></h3> <p><strong>2002/01:</strong> M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter. <em>Opal: A multi-level infrastructure for agent-oriented software development.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-01">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf">Download</a> (643 KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/02:</strong> M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink. <em>Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-02">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf">Download</a> (114 KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/03:</strong> A. Moore, P. Whigham, C. Aldridge, A. Holt and K. Hodge. <em>Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-03">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf">Download</a> (2.4 MB)</p> <p><strong>2002/04:</strong> M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Purvis and M. Nowostawski. <em>Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-04">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf">Download</a> (142 KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/05:</strong> W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies. <em>Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-05">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf">Download</a> (810 KB)</p> <p class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</p> <p><strong>2002/07:</strong> J. Hayes. <em>St John’s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997–2001).</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-07">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf">Download</a> (158 KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/08:</strong> G. Dick and P. Whigham. <em>Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-08">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-08.pdf">Download</a> (272 KB)</p> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2002</h2> <?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <h3><a name="2002">2002</a></h3> <p><strong>2002/01:</strong> M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter. <em>Opal: A multi-level infrastructure for agent-oriented software development.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-01">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (564KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/02:</strong> M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink. <em>Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-02">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (94KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/03:</strong> A. Moore, P. Whigham, C. Aldridge, A. Holt and K. Hodge. <em>Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-03">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (2.3MB)</p> <p><strong>2002/04:</strong> M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Purvis and M. Nowostawski. <em>Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-04">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (122KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/05:</strong> W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies. <em>Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-05">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (776KB)</p> <p class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</p> <p><strong>2002/07:</strong> J. Hayes. <em>St John’s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997–2001).</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-07">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf.gz">Download</a> (128KB)</p> <p><strong>2002/08:</strong> G. Dick and P. Whigham. <em>Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation.</em> <span class="note">(Coming soon.)</span></p> <?php include("menu.htm");?>

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<p><strong>2002/01:</strong> M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Nowostawski and D. Carter. <em>Opal: A multi-level infrastructure for agent-oriented software development.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-01">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-01.pdf">Download</a> (643 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2002/02:</strong> M. Purvis, P. Hwang, M. Purvis, S. Cranefield and M. Schievink. <em>Interaction protocols for a network of environmental problem solvers.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-02">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-02.pdf">Download</a> (114 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2002/03:</strong> A. Moore, P. Whigham, C. Aldridge, A. Holt and K. Hodge. <em>Spatio-temporal and object visualization in rugby union.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-03">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-03.pdf">Download</a> (2.4 MB)</p>

<p><strong>2002/04:</strong> M. Purvis, S. Cranefield, M. Purvis and M. Nowostawski. <em>Multi-agent system interaction protocols in a dynamically changing environment.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-04">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-04.pdf">Download</a> (142 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2002/05:</strong> W. Gillingham, A. Holt and J. Gillies. <em>Hand-held computers in health care: What software programs are available?</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-05">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-05.pdf">Download</a> (810 KB)</p>

<p class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</p>

<p><strong>2002/07:</strong> J. Hayes. <em>St John&#8217;s Ambulance Service, Southern Region: Control centre dispatch profile (1997&#8211;2001).</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-07">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-07.pdf">Download</a> (158 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2002/08:</strong> G. Dick and P. Whigham. <em>Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation.</em> <a href="dp2002-abstracts.htm#dp2002-08">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2002-08.pdf">Download</a> (272 KB)</p>

<?php include("menu.htm");?>

<?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?>
<?php include("menu.htm");?>

<p class="note">(Discussion paper 2002/06 does not exist.)</p>

<p><strong>2002/08:</strong> G. Dick and P. Whigham. <em>Population density and spatially constrained selection in evolutionary computation.</em> <span class="note">(Coming soon.)</span></p>

<?php include("menu.htm");?>

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<link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2003</h2> <?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <h3><a name="2003">2003</a></h3> <p><strong>2003/01:</strong> B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor. <em>Software cinema.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-01">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf">Download</a> (349 KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/02:</strong> M. Nowostawski, D. Carter, S. Cranefield and M. Purvis. <em>Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-02">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf">Download</a> (377 KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/03:</strong> X. Wang, P. Whigham and D. Deng. <em>Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-03">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf">Download</a> (550 KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/04:</strong> C. van Koten. <em>An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-04">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf">Download</a> (397 KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/05:</strong> A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong. <em>Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD™).</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-05">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf">Download</a> (248 KB)</p> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2003</h2> <?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <h3><a name="2003">2003</a></h3> <p><strong>2003/01:</strong> B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor. <em>Software cinema.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-01">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf.gz">Download</a> (244KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/02:</strong> M. Nowostawski, D. Carter, S. Cranefield and M. Purvis. <em>Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-02">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf.gz">Download</a> (322KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/03:</strong> X. Wang, P. Whigham and D. Deng. <em>Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-03">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf.gz">Download</a> (450KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/04:</strong> C. van Koten. <em>An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-04">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf.gz">Download</a> (364KB)</p> <p><strong>2003/05:</strong> A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong. <em>Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD™).</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-05">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf.gz">Download</a> (228KB)</p> <?php include("menu.htm");?>

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<p><strong>2003/01:</strong> B. Bruegge, M. Purvis, O. Creighton and C. Sandor. <em>Software cinema.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-01">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2003-01.pdf">Download</a> (349 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2003/02:</strong> M. Nowostawski, D. Carter, S. Cranefield and M. Purvis. <em>Communicative acts and interaction protocols in a distributed information system.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-02">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2003-02.pdf">Download</a> (377 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2003/03:</strong> X. Wang, P. Whigham and D. Deng. <em>Time-line Hidden Markov Experts and its application in time series prediction.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-03">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2003-03.pdf">Download</a> (550 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2003/04:</strong> C. van Koten. <em>An effort prediction model for data-centred fourth-generation-language software development.</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-04">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2003-04.pdf">Download</a> (397 KB)</p>

<p><strong>2003/05:</strong> A. Nees, R. Villanueva and W. Wong. <em>Colour and transparency on the Multi-Layer Display (MLD&#8482;).</em> <a href="dp2003-abstracts.htm#dp2003-05">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2003-05.pdf">Download</a> (248 KB)</p>

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<link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2005</h2> <?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <h3><a name="2005">2005</a></h3> <p><strong>2005/01:</strong> S. Cranefield. <em>A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-01">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (192KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/02:</strong> C. van Koten and A. Gray. <em>An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-02">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (289KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/03:</strong> M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis. <em>Experiments with evolvable virtual machines.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-03">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (877KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/04:</strong> D. Williamson and N. Stanger. <em>A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-04">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (301KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/05:</strong> B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield. <em>Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-05">Abstract</a> \| <a href="papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (439 KB)</p> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <link rel="Stylesheet" href="DPSstyles.css" type="text/css"> <h2>Information Science Discussion Papers Series: 2005</h2> <?php include("post2000blurb.htm");?> <?php include("menu.htm");?> <h3><a name="2005">2005</a></h3> <p><strong>2005/01:</strong> S. Cranefield. <em>A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-01">Abstract</a> \| <a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (192KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/02:</strong> C. van Koten and A. Gray. <em>An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-02">Abstract</a> \| <a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (289KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/03:</strong> M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis. <em>Experiments with evolvable virtual machines.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-03">Abstract</a> \| <a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (877KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/04:</strong> D. Williamson and N. Stanger. <em>A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-04">Abstract</a> \| <a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (301KB)</p> <p><strong>2005/05:</strong> B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield. <em>Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-05">Abstract</a> \| <a href="http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/infosci/pubs/papers/papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (439 KB)</p> <?php include("menu.htm");?>

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<p><strong>2005/01:</strong> S. Cranefield. <em>A rule language for modelling and monitoring social expectations in multi-agent systems.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-01">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2005-01.pdf">Download</a> (192KB)</p>

<p><strong>2005/02:</strong> C. van Koten and A. Gray. <em>An application of Bayesian network for predicting object-oriented software maintainability.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-02">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2005-02.pdf">Download</a> (289KB)</p>

<p><strong>2005/03:</strong> M. Nowostawski, L. Epiney and M. Purvis. <em>Experiments with evolvable virtual machines.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-03">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2005-03.pdf">Download</a> (877KB)</p>

<p><strong>2005/04:</strong> D. Williamson and N. Stanger. <em>A lightweight data integration architecture using Atom.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-04">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2005-04.pdf">Download</a> (301KB)</p>

<p><strong>2005/05:</strong> B.T.R. Savarimuthu, M. Purvis, M. Purvis and S. Cranefield. <em>Agent-based integration of web services with workflow management systems.</em> <a href="dp2005-abstracts.htm#dp2005-05">Abstract</a> | <a href="papers/dp2005-05.pdf">Download</a> (439 KB)</p>

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