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ouexam
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Corrected \filedate.
OUEXAM_2_0_1_FINAL
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ouexam.dtx
\def\filedate{30 April 2002} \def\fileversion{2.0.1} \def\shortdate{2002/04/30} % \iffalse meta-comment %% %% ouexam.dtx Copyright 1999--2002 Nigel Stanger and University of Otago %% %% You may use this package freely, and also distribute it %% provided that you don't change it, make any money off %% it or pretend that you wrote it. %% %<*driver> \documentclass{ltxdoc} \usepackage{doc} \DisableCrossrefs \CodelineNumbered \RecordChanges \usepackage{graphicx} % change hyperref options as required \usepackage[dvips,colorlinks,pdfpagemode=None,a4paper,urlcolor=blue, linkcolor=red,pdfauthor={Nigel Stanger}]{hyperref} \title{The \textsf{ouexam} document class, v\fileversion} \author{Nigel Stanger\\nstanger@infoscience.otago.ac.nz} \date{\filedate} \begin{document} \maketitle \DocInput{ouexam.dtx} \end{document} %</driver> % % \fi % %% \CheckSum{760} %% %% \CharacterTable %% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z %% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z %% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9 %% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \# %% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \& %% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \) %% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \, %% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/ %% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \< %% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \? %% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\ %% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_ %% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \| %% Right brace \} Tilde \~} %% % % \MakeShortVerb{\|} % % \changes{1.0}{1999/04/15}{Initial version.} % % \begin{abstract} % This document class allows you to create Otago University final % examination papers using \LaTeXe\@. It implements the major formatting % requirements specified by the University, provides useful % macros to ease the process of building the title page and automatically % deals with fiddly little issues such as question and section numbering, % the number of pages in the paper, printing ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' in the % bottom right corner of every page except the last one and ensuring that the % total number of marks for a question adds up to the expected number. % \end{abstract} % % % \tableofcontents % % % \section{Overview} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/11}{NJS Added note on backwards compatibility.} % \subsection{Important note on backwards compatibility} % % Version 2.0 of \textsf{ouexam} introduces several major changes from earlier % versions. Consequently, documents created using an earlier version of % \textsf{ouexam} are \emph{incompatible} with version 2.0 or later. Versions 2.0 % and greater of \textsf{ouexam} will detect attempts to process version 1.x % document and display an error message. % % The older version (1.2) is still available and can be downloaded from the same % location as the current version. To process older version documents, just copy % the version 1.2 |ouexam.cls| file into the same directory as the document file. % \TeX\ searches the current directory first, so this copy will take precedence % over any other installed version of \textsf{ouexam}. % % % \subsection{Class options} % % This document class is based on the \textsf{article} class and accepts any of % the options accepted by \textsf{article}. The default options are % \textsf{onecolumn}, \textsf{oneside}, \textsf{a4paper} and \textsf{12pt}. % Normally the only one you might want to change is the last one. % In addition, \textsf{ouexam} accepts the following ``native'' class options: % \begin{description} % \item[\textsf{draft}] \DescribeMacro{draft} This option has the usual % effects that you would expect for \textsf{draft} mode in the % \textsf{article} class, plus \fbox{DRAFT} is printed in % the header of every page. Note that if you use the \textsf{graphicx} % package and turn on the \textsf{draft} option in \textsf{ouexam}, all % included graphics will be drawn in draft mode unless you specify the % |draft=false| option to \cs{includegraphics}. % % \item[\textsf{markingschedule}] \DescribeMacro{markingschedule} This option % Rather than write a separate marking schedule for an examination paper, you % can use the \textsf{marking} environment to embed marking information % within questions (see % \hyperref[Sec:Questions:Marking]{section~\ref*{Sec:Questions:Marking}}). % By default this information is not printed (for obvious reasons!), but % when it comes time to print a marking schedule for the examination, % including the \textsf{markingschedule} class option in the % \cs{usepackage} command will cause \textsf{ouexam} to print the hidden % content. It will also print \fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE} in the footer of % every page. % \end{description} % % % \subsection{Required packages} % % This class requires the \textsf{verbatim} package in order to implement % the marking schedule functionality. % % % \subsection{Page margins} % % This class assumes A4 paper. You will probably get weird results if you try % to do anything different. The margins are set up as follows: top and bottom % 2cm (headers and footers are inside this margin), left and right 2.54cm (1in). % % % \subsection{Page styles} % % There are three page styles defined in this class: % \begin{description} % \item[\textsf{plain}] \DescribeMacro{plain} This is a slight modification % of the \textsf{plain} page style from \textsf{article}. It produces pages % that have the page number centered at the top, the paper number in the top % right corner and the text ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' in the bottom right. This % is the default page style. % % \item[\textsf{lastpage}] \DescribeMacro{lastpage} This is similar to % \textsf{plain} but without the ``\textbf{TURN OVER}''. It is used for the % last page of the examination. You normally will not have to use this % yourself---the class should take care of it automatically. The class does % however occasionally seem to get confused, so there may times when you have % to set the page style of the last page manually. It will be fairly obvious % when you need to do this---the usual effect is that the last page % has``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' printed on it when it should not. % % \item[\textsf{titlepage}] \DescribeMacro{titlepage} This is similar to % \textsf{plain} but without the page header, and is used for the title page % of the paper. As with \textsf{lastpage}, you will normally not use this % yourself, because the \cs{maketitlepage} macro handles this automatically % (see \hyperref[Sec:TitlePage]{section~\ref*{Sec:TitlePage}}). % \end{description} % % % \section{Writing an examination paper} % % % \subsection{Sections} % \label{Sec:Sections} % % Examination papers may have multiple sections, ``numbered'' A, B, \ldots. % Rather than redefine the existing section macros, this class defines an % \DescribeEnv{examsection} \textsf{examsection} environment\footnote{Note that % the old \cs{newsection} macro has been retained for backwards compatibility % with earlier development versions of \textsf{ouexam}. The \textsf{examsection} % environment replaces this macro and should be used in all new documents.} that % generates a new section. The \textsf{examsection} environment has three % mandatory arguments: % \begin{enumerate} % \item The expected number of marks for the question. If you leave this % argument empty it defaults to zero. \textsf{ouexam} keeps a running total % of the \emph{actual} number of marks encountered within a section, which is % compared with the value of this argument when the environment is closed. % An error is raised if the values are not equal. The running total is also % typeset right-justified in the form ``\textbf{[SECTION A TOTAL 20 MARKS]}'' % as an additional verification. % % % \item Instructions for answering questions in this section (such as % ``Answer any TWO questions.''). If you leave this argument empty it % defaults to ``ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.''. % % \item A description of the topic of the section. This can be left % empty. % \end{enumerate} % Every section begins on a new page, and the section title is formatted as % ``\textbf{\underline{Section A}}'', in \cs{large} size. For example: \\ % % \noindent|\begin{examsection}{25}{}{These questions are remarkably boring.}| \\ % \hspace*{1cm}\vdots \\ % |\end{examsection}| \\ % % \noindent will produce the following (assuming that the actual number of % marks in the question is correct): % % \begin{center} % \fbox{% % \begin{minipage}{0.9\columnwidth} % {\large\noindent\textbf{\underline{Section~A}}} \\[0.5\baselineskip] % ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. \\ % These questions are remarkably boring. \\ % \hspace*{2cm}\vdots \\ % \mbox{}\hfill\textbf{[SECTION A TOTAL 25 MARKS]} % \end{minipage} % } % \end{center} % % % \subsection{Questions} % \label{Sec:Questions} % % \textsf{ouexam} provides three environments for building examination % questions: \DescribeEnv{question} \textsf{question}, % \DescribeEnv{subquestion} \textsf{subquestion} and \textsf{subsubquestion}, % which correspond to top-level questions, parts of questions, and % \DescribeEnv{subsubquestion} sub-parts of questions respectively. They % produce questions that are numbered according to University examination % formatting requirements. Note that questions are normally numbered % sequentially throughout the entire paper regardless of any section % boundaries. % % All three environments have a single mandatory argument which is the % expected number of marks for the question, part or sub-part. If this % argument is left empty it will default to zero. This argument works in much % the same way as the first argument to the \textsf{examsection} environment % (see \hyperref[Sec:Sections]{section~\ref*{Sec:Sections}}): \textsf{ouexam} % keeps a running total of the number of marks encountered within each % question part and sub-part, and compares this total with the expected value % when the environment closes. Where appropriate, the running total is % typeset right-justified in the form ``(5 marks)''. For example: % \begin{verbatim} % \begin{question}{5} % \begin{subquestion}{2} % Why is the sky blue? % \end{subquestion} % \begin{subquestion}{3} % Explain in detail how the sky can be made pink. % \end{subquestion} % \end{question} % \begin{question}{1} % Define the term ``floccinaucinihilipilification''. % \end{question} % \end{verbatim} % % \newpage\noindent will produce the following: % \begin{center} % \fbox{% % \begin{minipage}{0.9\columnwidth} % \begin{enumerate} % \item % \begin{enumerate} % \item Why is the sky blue? \hfill (2 marks) % % \item Explain in detail how the sky can be made pink. \hfill (3 % marks) % \end{enumerate} % % \item Define the term ``floccinaucinihilipilification''. \hfill (1 % mark) % \end{enumerate} % \end{minipage} % } % \end{center} % % The \textsf{question} environments handle formatting of marks totals % automatically, including considerations such as: % \begin{itemize} % \item whether or not to print the number of marks for a question at all % (they should not be printed if the question has sub-parts); % % \item whether to print ``mark'' or ``marks'' (e.g., question 2 above); and % % \item where to position the number of marks relative to the question, % depending on how full the last line of the question is. % \end{itemize} % % % \subsection{Marking schedule information} % \label{Sec:Questions:Marking} % % Rather than writing a separate marking schedule for an examination paper, % you can use the \DescribeEnv{marking} \textsf{marking} environment to embed % marking information within questions. By default this information is not % printed (for obvious reasons!), but when it comes time to print a marking % schedule for the examination, use the \textsf{markingschedule} class option % to print the hidden content. The marking information will be printed in % \emph{italics} to differentiate it from the main body of the examination, % and \fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE} will also be printed in the footer of every % page. % % % \subsection{The title page} % \label{Sec:TitlePage} % % This class defines a collection of macros that let you fill in the various % parts of the examination title page. This is analogous to the process you use % to generate the title of a document in, for example, the \textsf{article} class % (using \cs{title}, \cs{author}, \cs{date} and \cs{maketitle}). That is, you % issue the macros described below in the document preamble, then issue a % \cs{maketitlepage} in the document body. % % The \DescribeMacro{\examyear} \cs{examyear} macro lets you specify the year % in which the examination is being held, for example, |\examyear{1999}|. This % macro is mandatory. % % The \DescribeMacro{\department} \cs{department} macro lets you specify the % name of the department that produced the examination paper, for example, % |\department{Information| |Science}|. This macro is mandatory. % % The \DescribeMacro{\papernumber} \cs{papernumber} macro lets you specify the % paper number that the examination is for, for example, % |\papernumber{COMP 101}|. This macro is mandatory. \textbf{Warning:} Do not make % the paper number string too long or it will overlap the page number. Be % particularly careful when you specify semester information using \cs{semester}, % because this is appended to the paper number in the page header. For example, % if you specify |\papernumber{COMP 101}| and |\semester{2}|, the header will % contain ``COMP 101 (Semester Two)'' rather than just ``COMP 101''. The worst % case you will need to consider in such situations is a special examination, % which inserts the text ``(Special Examination)'' after the paper number. % % The \DescribeMacro{\papertitle} \cs{papertitle} macro lets you specify the % title of the paper, for example, % |\papertitle{Systems Analysis and Design Methods}|. This macro is mandatory. % % Some papers are offered in more than one semester. The % \DescribeMacro{\semester} \cs{semester} macro lets you specify which semester % the examination is for. The argument can be either ``1'' or ``2'' for semesters % 1 and 2, ``SS'' for summer school or ``SP'' for a special examination, for % example, |\semester{2}|. Invalid values for the argument cause a warning to be % raised. This macro is optional---if you omit it, no semester information is % generated. % % The \DescribeMacro{\timeallowed} \cs{timeallowed} macro lets you specify the % length of the examination in hours, for example, |\timeallowed{2}|. This % macro is optional---if you omit it, it defaults to three (3) hours. % % If calculators are allowed in the examination, use the % \DescribeMacro{\allowcalculators} \cs{allowcalculators} macro. This macro is % optional---if you omit it, a sentence is printed saying that calculators % are \emph{not} allowed. % % The \DescribeMacro{\instructions} \cs{instructions} macro lets you specify % instructions on how candidates should complete the % examination, for example, |\instructions{Answer ALL| |questions.}|. This macro % is optional. Note that the content of the instructions can be just about % anything. It is up to you to control formatting, such as how you want lines % broken, etc. This also true of the \cs{material}, \cs{copiesof} and % \cs{otherinstructions} macros described below. % % The \DescribeMacro{\material} \cs{material} macro lets you specify any % additional material that candidates are provided in addition to the % examination paper itself, for example, |\material{SQL schema definition}|. % This macro is optional. % % The \DescribeMacro{\copiesof} \cs{copiesof} macro lets you specify any % material that candidates are allowed to bring into the examination, for % example, |\copiesof{McFadden &| |Hoffer, 5th edition}|. This macro is % optional. % % The \DescribeMacro{\otherinstructions} \cs{otherinstructions} macro lets you % specify any other instructions not covered by any of the above, for example, % |\otherinstructions{No smoking| |allowed.}|. This macro is optional. % % Once you have specified the content of the title page using the above % macros, you simply issue a \DescribeMacro{\maketitlepage} \cs{maketitlepage} % to generate the front page of the examination (cf. \cs{maketitle}). The title % page generated meets University formatting requirements. % Note that the number of pages in the examination paper is generated % and inserted into the title page automatically---you do not need to specify % it manually. % % % \subsection{Miscellaneous} % % Most examinationss are marked out of 100, and \textsf{ouexam} defaults to % this. However, if you want an examination that is marked out of some other % number, for example, 90 marks, you can specify this using the % \DescribeMacro{\examoutof} \cs{examoutof} macro. Thus, |\examoutof{90}| % will set the expected number of marks for the examination to 90. This value % is used by \textsf{ouexam} to verify that the marks for all the questions % add up to the expected number of marks for the examination. % % % \section{Errors and warnings} % % In this section are described the error messages and warning produced by % \textsf{ouexam}, and the reasons why they occur. % % % \subsection{Error messages} % % \noindent\texttt{INCOMPATIBLE (\ldots): this document was written for an % earlier} \\ % \texttt{version of ouexam \ldots} \\ % You are trying to use v2.0 or later of \textsf{ouexam} with a document that % was written for \textsf{ouexam} v1.2 or earlier. Versions 2.0 and later of % \textsf{ouexam} are \emph{fundamentally incompatible} with earlier % versions. The only solutions here are either to revert to \textsf{ouexam} % v1.2 or earlier (you can put a copy of the class file in the same directory % as the document), or rewrite the document to conform to the current version % of \textsf{ouexam}. You should be able to download a copy of v1.2 from the % same location that you found the current version. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{examyear} was specified} \\ % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{department} was specified} \\ % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{papernumber} was specified} \\ % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{papertitle} was specified} \\ % You have not specified one of these macros. All four of these macros are % mandatory and must be included in the preamble of any \textsf{ouexam} % document. \\ % % % \subsection{Warnings} % % \noindent\texttt{actual number of marks for exam (\ldots) does not match % expected} \\ % \texttt{number of marks (\ldots)} \\ % The actual number of marks supplied for the whole examination (calculated % by summing the marks for all the questions) is not the same as the expected % total for the examination. Adjust the marks for the questions until the % totals match. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{actual mark (\ldots) for section \ldots\ does not match % expected} \\ % \texttt{mark (\ldots)} \\ % The actual number of marks supplied for a particular section (calculated by % summing the marks for all the questions in that section) is not the same as % the expected total for that section. Adjust the marks for the questions in % the section concerned until the totals match. The section number is given % in the warning. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{actual mark (\ldots) for question \ldots\ does not match % expected} \\ % \texttt{mark (\ldots)} \\ % The actual number of marks supplied for a particular question (calculated % by summing the marks of all its sub-parts) is not the same as the expected % total for that question. Adjust the marks for the sub-parts of the % question until the totals match. The question number is given % in the warning. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{DEPRECATED: The \cs{newsection} macro is deprecated; use % the} \\ % \texttt{examsection environment instead} \\ % The \cs{newsection} macro is a hangover from earlier versions of % \textsf{ouexam}, and has been left in v2.0 for backwards compatibility with % some documents that use it. The entire sectioning mechanism was rewritten % from scratch for v2.0, so this macro is now deprecated and will eventually % disappear. You should use the \textsf{examsection} environment % instead. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{invalid value `\ldots' for \cs{semester}; valid values are % `1', `2', `SS'} \\* % \texttt{and `SP'. No semester information will be printed} \\* % You have given an invalid value as the argument to the \cs{semester} macro. % The allowed values are `1' (semester one), `2' (semester two), `SS' (summer % school) and `SP' (special examination). Any other values will be ignored. % Note that these are case-sensitive, for example, `sp' is invalid. \\ % % % \section{Example} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/25}{NJS Updated example to conform to 2.0 changes.} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Updated example to conform to 1.1 changes.} % The code given below is for the first three pages of the INFO~321 2001 % final examination. The output produced by this source is shown in % \hyperref[Fig.Example]{figure~\ref*{Fig.Example} on % page~\pageref*{Fig.Example}}. Particular points to note in this example % are: % % \begin{itemize} % % \item The number of hours is not specified, so it defaults to three. % % \item This examination allows calculators. % % \item The \textsf{listings} package is used to typeset code listings. % % \item The argument of the \cs{instructions} macro can be just about % anything, as can the arguments of the \cs{material}, \cs{copiesof} and % \cs{otherinstructions} macros. In this example, the \cs{instructions} % macro has been omitted, causing \textsf{ouexam} to output the default % instructions. % % \item Marking schedule information has been embedded within the % questions. \hyperref[Fig.Example2]{Figure~\ref*{Fig.Example2} on % page~\pageref*{Fig.Example2}} shows the output produced by this source % when the \textsf{markingschedule} class option is used. % % \end{itemize} % % \small % \begin{verbatim} % \documentclass{ouexam} % % \usepackage{graphicx} % \usepackage{listings} % % \examyear{2001} % \department{Information Science} % \papernumber{INFO 321} % \papertitle{Database Systems} % \allowcalculators % % \begin{document} % % \lstloadlanguages{ODL,OQL,[Oracle8]SQL,[Oracle8]PLSQL} % \lstset{basicstyle=\sffamily, stringspaces=false, tabsize=2, % indent=1cm, belowskip=0pt, commentstyle=\itshape, % labelstyle=\scriptsize, labelsep=5pt, labelstep=1,} % % \maketitlepage % % \begin{examsection}{25}{}{Questions in this section (total 25 marks) % relate to physical database design and tuning.} % % % \begin{question}{10} % % A major U.S. mail order firm is having performance problems with queries % on the \textsf{Customer} table in its Oracle8 order-processing database. % Consider the following information about the \textsf{Customer} table, % then answer the questions below: \\ % % \textsf{\textbf{Customer}(\underline{customer\_no}, name, address, city, % state, country, phone, email, status)} % % \begin{itemize} % \item \textsf{customer\_no} is the primary key and because this is an % Oracle8 database, a unique B-tree index has been automatically created % on this column. % % \item \textsf{status} is a single character column that holds one of % the values `I' (inactive), `B' (bronze), `S' (silver) or `G' (gold). % The value of this column is determined by a customer's order history. % % \item About 10\% of customers are inactive, about 50\% have bronze % status, about 35\% have silver status and about 5\% have gold status. % % \item The average row size is about 200 bytes and there are % approximately 5,000,000 rows. % % \item The \textsf{Customer} table is heavily queried (averaging thirty % new queries per minute) by four different groups of employees. Group~1 % queries only inactive customers, group~2 queries only bronze status % customers and groups~3 and~4 both query only silver and gold status % customers. Members of any group may query the table at any time and % queries often overlap. % % \item UPDATE, INSERT and DELETE operations on the table are uncommon. % % \item Very few queries are for individual customers; rather, most % queries are based on various combinations of values from % \textsf{status}, \textsf{city}, \textsf{state} and \textsf{country}. % \end{itemize}\medskip % % \begin{subquestion}{3} % Describe and justify an \emph{index-based} physical tuning solution % that will improve the performance of queries on the \textsf{Customer} % table. (No code is required.) % \begin{marking} % Since queries tend to be on combinations of several low-cardinality % columns [1] and the table is very large [1], the most effective % solution would be to place bitmap indexes on status, city, state and % country [1]. % % B-tree indexes on any of the individual columns would not be ideal % because of their low cardinality. A possible alternative is a % composite B-tree index on all four columns [1 for suggesting this if % appropriate], but this is not ideal and would be much larger than % the four bitmap indexes [1 for this explanation if appropriate]. % Hashing is definitely \emph{not} an option, because very few queries % are exact match. % \end{marking} % \end{subquestion} % % \begin{subquestion}{7} % \begin{subsubquestion}{5}\label{nonindex} % Assuming that there are two identical fast disks available, describe % and justify two alternative \emph{non index-based} physical tuning % solutions that will improve the performance of queries on the % \textsf{Customer} table. For each solution include details of how % the two disks will be used. (No code is required.) % \begin{marking} % Alternative 1: partition the table across the two disks based on % status (four partitions, one for each status value) [1]. This will % allow simultaneous parallel access to different parts of the table % by the different groups [1]. Since two groups both access silver % and gold customers, it makes sense to put the silver customers on % disk one and the gold customers on disk two. Bronze customers % account for 50\% of the table, so it makes sense to also put them % on disk two (as the gold customers are the smallest group), and % put the inactive customers on disk one with the silver customers. % [1 for any sensible partitioning scheme] % % Alternative 2: replicate the table across both disks (one replica % on each disk) [1]. This will also provide simultaneous parallel % access to the data (hard to tell whether this would be better or % worse than the partitioning above) [1]. % % Note that any solution must be capable of being implemented in % Oracle8. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % % \begin{subsubquestion}{2} % Briefly discuss the relative advantages and/or disadvantages of the % two alternative solutions you described in part~(\ref{nonindex}) % above. % \begin{marking} % The partitioning solution given above doesn't really help with the % bronze customer rows---we would need random horizontal % partitioning to really help with this, which Oracle8 doesn't % support. More generally, Oracle8 does not migrate rows into the % correct partition if a customer's status changes, so the data will % need to be reloaded occasionally [1]. % % For replication, we have the usual problem of keeping the replicas % synchronised if they are both read/write. This is somewhat % mitigated by the fact that there are only two copies [1]. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % \end{subquestion} % \end{question} % % \newpage % % \begin{question}{10} % There are two generic parameters that affect the structure of a B-tree % index. % % \begin{subquestion}{6} % Identify these two parameters and describe what each parameter % specifies. Use diagrams to illustrate your answer. % \begin{marking} % \emph{Node size} [1] specifies the maximum number of pointers in % each index node [1]. Suitable diagram [1]. % % \emph{Percentage fill} [1] specifies the number of pointers in each % index node that are allocated when a node is created [1]. In effect, % it determines the amount of free space left in each node. Suitable % diagram [1]. % \end{marking} % \end{subquestion} % % \begin{subquestion}{4} % For each of the two parameters, discuss the practical effect(s) of: % \begin{subsubquestion}{2} % high values of the parameter; and % \begin{marking} % Large node size reduces the height of the B-tree, resulting in % potentially fewer I/Os to access a leaf node [$\frac{1}{2}$]. It % can however increase the number of rows locked in a single leaf % node [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % % High percent fill means that most pointers in a node will be % allocated when the node is created [$\frac{1}{2}$]. This leaves % little free space in the B-tree for new key values or key values % that change [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % \begin{subsubquestion}{2} % low values of the parameter. % \begin{marking} % Small node size increases the height of the B-tree, resulting in % potentially more I/Os to access a leaf node [$\frac{1}{2}$]. The % number of rows locked in a single leaf node will be reduced % [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % % Low percent fill means that most pointers in a node will not be % allocated when the node is created [$\frac{1}{2}$]. This leaves % little free space in the B-tree for new key values or key values % that change [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % \end{subquestion} % \end{question} % % % \begin{question}{5}\label{clusterq} % % \begin{subquestion}{2} % Define what is meant by the term ``clustering'' in the context of % physical database design and tuning, and explain why it is beneficial. % % \begin{marking} % Clustering is the grouping of related rows physically near to each % other on disk [1] so that they may be retrieved in as few I/Os as % possible (ideally one)---beneficial because of the slowness of disk % I/O compared to memory I/O [1]. % \end{marking} % \end{subquestion} % % \begin{subquestion}{3}\label{clusterqcode} % Consider the following Oracle8 SQL table definition: % % \begin{lstlisting}[language={[Oracle8]SQL}]{} % create table enrolment % ( student_id char(7), % paper_code char(7), % enrol_year number(4), % % primary key (student_id, paper_code, enrol_year) % ); % \end{lstlisting} % % The \textsf{Enrolment} table is often queried for all rows relating to % a particular student in a particular year (for example, student % 1234567 in 1998, student 9876543 in 2000, etc.). Write appropriate % Oracle8 SQL code that will cluster the rows of the table in such a way % as to support these types of query (you do not need to calculate % cluster sizes). Relevant Oracle8 syntax diagrams are given on the next % page. % \begin{marking} % \begin{lstlisting}[language={[Oracle8]SQL}]{} % create cluster enrolment_cluster (student_id char(7), year number(4)); % % create index enrol_cluster_index on cluster enrolment_cluster; % % create table enrolment % ( student_id char(7), % paper_code char(7), % enrol_year number(4), % % primary key (student_id, paper_code, enrol_year) % ) cluster enrolment_cluster(student_id, enrol_year); % \end{lstlisting} % \end{marking} % [1] each for correct cluster, cluster index and table clustering. % \end{subquestion} % % \end{question} % % \end{examsection} % . % . % . % \end{document} % \end{verbatim} % \normalsize % % \begin{figure} % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg1-1}} % \hfill % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg1-2}} % % \begin{center} % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg1-3}} % \end{center} % % \caption{Output produced by \textsf{ouexam}.} % \label{Fig.Example} % \end{figure} % % \begin{figure} % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-2}} % \hfill % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-3}} % % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-4}} % \hfill % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-5}} % % \caption{Output produced by \textsf{ouexam} when % \textsf{markingschedule} is used.} % \label{Fig.Example2} % \end{figure} % % % \StopEventually{} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/10}{NJS Revamped and tided up documentation and code.} % % \section{The code} % % \subsection{Preamble} % % \begin{macrocode} \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1998/06/01] \ProvidesClass{ouexam}[\shortdate\space v\fileversion\space Otago % University examination paper] % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{\@unsupported} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/10}{NJS New \cs{@unsupported} macro.} % This macro is used to handle documents written for older versions of % \textsf{ouexam}. All obsolete macros map to this macro, which prints out an % appropriate error message. It needs to be defined early because it is used % to trap use of the obsolete \textsf{multichoice} class option. % % \begin{macrocode} \def\@unsupported#1{\ClassError{ouexam}{INCOMPATIBLE (#1): this % document was written for an earlier version of ouexam and is % not compatible with ouexam v\fileversion\space Please use ouexam % v1.2 or earlier to process this document. Version 1.2 can be % downloaded from the same location as version\space\fileversion}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{multichoice} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS New \textsf{multichoice} class option.} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/04}{NJS Removed support for \textsf{multichoice} option.} % The \textsf{multichoice} class option is no longer supported, but rather than % just breaking older documents, we can at least try to present a reasonable % error message. % % \begin{macrocode} \DeclareOption{multichoice}{% \OptionNotUsed\@unsupported{multichoice class option} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{twoside} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Turned off \textsf{twoside} option.} % This document class is based on the \textsf{article} class and accepts any of % the options accepted by \textsf{article}. The \textsf{twoside} option does % not really make sense, however---all Otago examination papers are printed % single-sided anyway, and the format is such that two-sided printing would % look no different. The \textsf{twoside} option is therefore not used in this % class. % % \begin{macrocode} \DeclareOption{twoside}{\OptionNotUsed} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{draft} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS New \textsf{draft} class option.} % \begin{macro}{\if@draft} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS New switch for \textsf{draft}.} % The \textsf{draft} option determines whether the examination is to be printed % in draft mode (default off). The \cs{if@draft} switch is used to determine % whether this is in effect (default false). Draft mode has the usual effects % that you would expect for draft mode in the \textsf{article} class, plus % \fbox{DRAFT} is printed in the header of every page. % % \begin{macrocode} \newif\if@draft \@draftfalse \DeclareOption{draft}{\@drafttrue} % does this need to be passed to the article class? % \end{macrocode} % % Note that if you use the \textsf{graphicx} package and turn on the % \textsf{draft} option in \textsf{ouexam}, all included graphics will % be drawn in draft mode unless you specify the |draft=false| option to the % \cs{includegraphics} macro. The amount of effort required to fix what is % a relatively small issue isn't really worth it, so this will not change. % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{markingschedule} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/05}{NJS New \textsf{markingschedule} class option.} % \begin{macro}{\if@markingschedule} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/05}{NJS New switch for \textsf{markingschedule}.} % The \textsf{markingschedule} option determines whether marking schedule % information is printed in addition to the questions (default off). The % \cs{if@markingschedule} switch is used to determine whether this is in effect % (default false). % % \begin{macrocode} \newif\if@markingschedule \@markingschedulefalse \DeclareOption{markingschedule}{\@markingscheduletrue} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % All other options are passed directly to the \textsf{article} class: % % \begin{macrocode} \DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}} \ProcessOptions % \end{macrocode} % % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Changed default point size to 12pt.} % The defaults for this class are \textsf{onecolumn}, \textsf{oneside}, % \textsf{a4paper} and \textsf{12pt}. The font size is the only one that might % need to change. % % \begin{macrocode} \LoadClass[onecolumn,oneside,a4paper,12pt]{article} % \end{macrocode} % % % \subsection{Required packages} % % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/08}{NJS Removed requirement for \textsf{calc} and % \textsf{ifthen} packages.} % The only required package is the \textsf{verbatim} package, which is used % to implement the \textsf{marking} environment: % % \begin{macrocode} \RequirePackage{verbatim} % \end{macrocode} % % % \subsection{Page setup} % % \begin{macro}{\oddsidemargin} % \begin{macro}{\topmargin} % \begin{macro}{\textwidth} % \begin{macro}{\textheight} % A4 paper is assumed (since this class is intended only for Otago examination % papers, this seems a reasonable assumption). The margins are top and bottom % 2cm, left and right 2.54cm (1in). % % \begin{macrocode} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0cm} \setlength{\topmargin}{-0.54cm} \setlength{\textwidth}{15.92cm} \setlength{\textheight}{25.7cm} \advance\textheight by-\headheight \advance\textheight by-\headsep \advance\textheight by-\footskip % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Page styles}\label{pagestyles} % % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/17}{NJS Added support to page styles for \textsf{draft} % and \textsf{markingschedule} class options.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/15}{NJS Fixed headers so that the page number is always % centered.} % % \begin{macro}{\ps@plain} % The \textsf{plain} page style is based on that in the \textsf{article} class, % and produces pages with the page number centered at the top, the paper number % in the top right corner and the text ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' in the bottom % right. If semester information is specified, this is included in parentheses % after the paper code, for example, ``COMP 101 (Semester Two)''. % \begin{macrocode} \def\ps@plain{% \def\@oddhead{% % \end{macrocode} % Note that we have to get a bit clever to ensure that the page number is % properly centered in the page header. The naive solution is just to use % \cs{hfill}s, but this will cause the page number to shift around depending on % the length of \cs{@pnumber}. Piet van Oostrum's \textsf{fancyhdr} package will % do this for us, but it seems a bit of overkill to require this package merely % so that we can ensure that the page number remains centered. Instead, we've % borrowed the relevant technique from that class, which draws the left, centre % and right bits of the header as three overlapping boxes. You just have to be % careful that the value of \cs{@pnumber} isn't so long that it overwrites the % page number. % \begin{macrocode} \rlap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedright\@draft\strut}}\hfill \parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\centering\textrm{\thepage}\strut}\hfill \llap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedleft\@pnumber \ifx\@semester\@empty\else\ (\@semester)\fi\strut}}} \let\@evenhead\@oddhead \def\@oddfoot{\@markingschedule\hfill\textbf{TURN OVER}} \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \textsf{plain} is the default page style: % \begin{macrocode} \pagestyle{plain} % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{\ps@lastpage} % The \textsf{lastpage} page style is similar to \textsf{plain}, but without the % ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'': % \begin{macrocode} \def\ps@lastpage{% \def\@oddhead{% \rlap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedright\@draft\strut}}\hfill \parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\centering\textrm{\thepage}\strut}\hfill \llap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedleft\@pnumber \ifx\@semester\@empty\else\ (\@semester)\fi\strut}}} \let\@evenhead\@oddhead \def\@oddfoot{\@markingschedule} \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \textsf{lastpage} should be automatically applied to the last page of the % document: % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{\thispagestyle{lastpage}} % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{\ps@titlepage} % The \textsf{titlepage} page style is similar to \textsf{plain}, but without % the header. % \begin{macrocode} \def\ps@titlepage{% \def\@oddhead{\@draft}% \let\@evenhead\@oddhead% \def\@oddfoot{\@markingschedule\hfill\textbf{TURN OVER}}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot% } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Various counters} % % Earlier versions of \textsf{ouexam} used the \textsf{enumerate} % environment to build questions, which meant that special counters were not % required. This version of the class, however, uses a different mechanism for % building questions, so we need to define custom counters for several things. % % \begin{macro}{question} % \begin{macro}{subquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subquestion} counter.} % \changes{2.0.1}{2000/04/30}{NJS Removed prefixed question number from % \cs{labelsubquestion} macro so that references now print as just ``(a)'' % instead of ``1(a)''.} % \begin{macro}{subsubquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subsubquestion} counter.} % \changes{2.0.1}{2000/04/30}{NJS The \texttt{subsubquestion} was incorrectly % printing as ``(a)'' rather than ``(i)''. Fixed.} % \changes{2.0.1}{2000/04/30}{NJS Removed prefixed question numbers from % \cs{labelsubsubquestion} macro so that references now print as just ``(i)'' % instead of ``1(a)(i)''.} % First, we define three counters for the three possible levels of question: % top-level question, second-level sub-question or third-level sub-sub-question: % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{question} \newcounter{subquestion}[question] \newcounter{subsubquestion}[subquestion] % \end{macrocode} % The three question levels are numbered as 1., (a) and (i) respectively, so we % also need to redefine the associated \cs{the} and \cs{label} macros % appropriately: % \begin{macrocode} \renewcommand{\thequestion}{\arabic{question}} \newcommand{\labelquestion}{\arabic{question}.} \renewcommand{\thesubquestion}{(\alph{subquestion})} \newcommand{\labelsubquestion}{(\alph{subquestion})} \renewcommand{\thesubsubquestion}{(\roman{subsubquestion})} \newcommand{\labelsubsubquestion}{(\roman{subsubquestion})} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{examexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{examexpected} counter.} % The |examexpected| counter stores the total expected number of marks for the % examination, and defaults to 100: % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{examexpected} \setcounter{examexpected}{100} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \begin{macro}{examoutof} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{examoutof} macro.} % To specify that an examination is out of some number of marks other than % 100, use the \cs{examoutof} macro to set the value: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\examoutof}[1]{\setcounter{examexpected}{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{sectexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS New \cs{sectexpected} counter.} % \begin{macro}{qexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \cs{qexpected} counter.} % \begin{macro}{subqexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subqexpected} counter.} % \begin{macro}{subsubqexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subsubqexpected} counter.} % The next four counters perform the same function as the |examexpected| counter % for sections, questions, sub-questions and sub-sub-questions respectively. No % macros are required to set these values as they are set automatically by the % question-building environments. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{sectexpected} \newcounter{qexpected} \newcounter{subqexpected} \newcounter{subsubqexpected} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{lastexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{lastexpected} counter.} % The |lastexpected| counter records the expected marks total for the last % question. This will eventually be used to verify that the marks total for a % marking schedule equals the marks total for the corresponding question, but % this hasn't been implemented yet. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{lastexpected} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{examrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{examrunning} counter.} % \begin{macro}{sectrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS New \texttt{sectrunning} counter.} % \begin{macro}{qrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{qrunning} counter.} % \begin{macro}{subqrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subqrunning} counter.} % These four counters keep track of the running total of marks for the % current examination, section, question and subquestion respectively. This % is later compared against the corresponding expected total. A running total % is not needed for sub-sub-questions because they do not have sub-parts. The % |qrunning| and |subqrunning| counters are reset when the associated % question counters are incremented. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{examrunning} \setcounter{examrunning}{0} \newcounter{sectrunning} \newcounter{qrunning}[question] \newcounter{subqrunning}[subquestion] % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{hassubs} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{hassubs} counter.} % \begin{macro}{hassubsubs} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{hassubsubs} counter.} % These two counters are used to track whether questions and % sub-questions have sub-parts. Counters are used rather than booleans because % counters are set globally and booleans are not (or at least do not appear to % be). Both counters reset when the associated question counters are % incremented. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{hassubs}[question] \newcounter{hassubsubs}[subquestion] % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % At the end of the document, check that the running total of marks for the % examination matches what we were expecting: % % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \ifnum\theexamexpected=\theexamrunning \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual number of marks for exam % (\theexamrunning) does not match expected number of marks % (\theexamexpected)} \fi } % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{xsection} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/29}{NJS New \texttt{xsection} counter.} % Finally, we set up a counter for the section ``number'' and define it so % that it prints out as an upper case letter rather than a number. We could % just redefine the |section| counter, but that interferes with the section % numbering in the documentation, and we can't have that, can we? |:)| % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{xsection} \setcounter{xsection}{0} \renewcommand{\thexsection}{\Alph{xsection}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Question-building environments and associated items} % % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS \textsf{question} environment no longer a % redefinition of \textsf{enumerate}.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS Added penalty handling to ensure correct % placement of marks in output.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS Total marks for a question are now printed only % if the question has no sub-questions.} % \begin{environment}{question} % The \textsf{question} environment specifies a top-level question, and produces % questions numbered in the form ``1.'', ``2.'', etc. It has one mandatory % argument, the number of marks allocated to the question, which is used to % initialise the |qexpected| counter\footnote{If it were not for the fact that % you can only refer to environment arguments in the environment preamble, the % \texttt{qexpected} counter would be unnecessary.}. If the argument is left % empty, default to zero for the number of marks: % % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{question}[1]{% \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{qexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{qexpected}{#1}\fi % \end{macrocode} % % For each top-level question, we increment the |question| counter, which also % resets the |hassubs| and |qrunning| counters to zero: % \begin{macrocode} \refstepcounter{question} % \end{macrocode} % The question itself is built using a single-item \textsf{list} environment. % \begin{macrocode} \begin{list}{\labelquestion}{} \item % \end{macrocode} % % When the environment closes, the following things happen: % \begin{enumerate} % \item If the question has no sub-questions, the value of the |qexpected| % counter is added to |examrunning| and |sectrunning|, and both |qrunning| % and |lastexpected| are set to the value of |qexpected|. % % \begin{macrocode} }{% \ifnum\thehassubs=0 \addtocounter{examrunning}{\value{qexpected}} \addtocounter{sectrunning}{\value{qexpected}} \setcounter{qrunning}{\value{qexpected}} % \end{macrocode} % % The total number of marks for the question is then printed right-justified % on the line as ``(\emph{m} marks)'' where \emph{m} is the value of the % |qrunning| counter. The environment determines whether to print ``mark'' or % ``marks'' automatically, and figures out whether the number of marks will fit % on the last line of the question or needs to be placed on the next line. % The code for handling the line breaking is derived from an example on page % 106 of \emph{The \TeX{}book}: % % \begin{macrocode} \unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip2em\hbox{}\nobreak \hfil(\theqrunning~\ifnum\theqrunning=1 mark\else marks\fi) \parfillskip=0pt \finalhyphendemerits=0 \par % \end{macrocode} % % \item If the question \emph{does} have sub-questions, then |qrunning|, % |examrunning| and |sectrunning| have already been set by the various % sub-environments. The value of |qrunning| is then compared with % |qexpected|, and a warning is raised if they do not match. The total number % of marks for the question is \emph{not} printed in this case. % % \begin{macrocode} \else \ifnum\theqrunning=\theqexpected \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual mark (\theqrunning) for % question \thequestion\space doesn't match expected mark % (\theqexpected)} \fi \fi % \end{macrocode} % % \item |lastexpected| is set to the value of |qexpected| so it can be used % in any subsequent \textsf{marking} environment. % % \begin{macrocode} \setcounter{lastexpected}{\value{qexpected}} \end{list} } % \end{macrocode} % % \end{enumerate} % \end{environment} % % \begin{environment}{subquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS \textsf{subquestion} environment no longer a % redefinition of \textsf{enumerate}.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/13}{NJS Added penalty handling to ensure correct placement % of marks in output.} % The \textsf{subquestion} environment is the analogue of \textsf{question} for % sub-questions. On initialisation, it sets |subqexpected| to the value of the % mandatory argument (defaulting to zero if the argument is empty), increments % the |hassubs| counter so that the enclosing \textsf{question} environment can % react appropriately, increments |subquestion| (thus resetting |hassubsubs| and % |subqrunning| to zero) and opens a single-item list with numbering of the form % ``(a)'', ``(b)'', etc. % % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{subquestion}[1]{% \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{subqexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{subqexpected}{#1}\fi \setcounter{subqexpected}{#1} \addtocounter{hassubs}{1} \refstepcounter{subquestion} \begin{list}{\labelsubquestion}{} \item }{% % \end{macrocode} % % When the environment closes, if performs similar checks to the % \textsf{question} environment. If the sub-question has no sub-sub-questions, % the value of |subqexpected| is added to |qrunning| and |sectrunning|: % % \begin{macrocode} \ifnum\thehassubsubs=0 \addtocounter{examrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} \addtocounter{sectrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} \addtocounter{qrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} \setcounter{subqrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} % \end{macrocode} % Then the number of marks for the sub-question are typeset in a similar manner % to the \textsf{question} environment: % \begin{macrocode} \unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip2em\hbox{}\nobreak \hfil(\thesubqrunning~\ifnum\thesubqrunning=1 mark\else marks\fi) \parfillskip=0pt \finalhyphendemerits=0 \par % \end{macrocode} % % If the sub-question \emph{does} have sub-sub-questions, check the running total % against the expected number and raise an error if they don't match. % \begin{macrocode} \else \ifnum\thesubqrunning=\thesubqexpected \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual mark (\thesubqrunning) for % question \thesubquestion\space doesn't match expected mark % (\thesubqexpected)} \fi \fi % \end{macrocode} % Finally, set |lastexpected| to the value of |qexpected| so it can be used % in any subsequent \textsf{marking} environment. % \begin{macrocode} \setcounter{lastexpected}{\value{subqexpected}} \end{list} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{environment} % % \begin{environment}{subsubquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS \textsf{subsubquestion} environment no longer a % redefinition of \textsf{enumerate}.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/13}{NJS Added penalty handling to ensure correct placement % of marks in output.} % This is similar to both \textsf{question} and \textsf{subquestion}, and % generates an appropriately numbered sub-sub-question (``(i)'', ``(ii)'', etc.). % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{subsubquestion}[1]{% \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{subsubqexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{subsubqexpected}{#1}\fi % \end{macrocode} % Increment |hassubsubs| so that the enclosing \textsf{subquestion} environment % can react appropriately: % \begin{macrocode} \addtocounter{hassubsubs}{1} \refstepcounter{subsubquestion} \begin{list}{\labelsubsubquestion}{} \item }{% % \end{macrocode} % % Closing this environment is a bit simpler than the previous two because we % don't need to check whether the sub-sub-question has any sub-components (this % never happens). All we have to do is set the appropriate counters and typeset % the number of marks. % % \begin{macrocode} \addtocounter{examrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \addtocounter{sectrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \addtocounter{qrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \addtocounter{subqrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \setcounter{lastexpected}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip2em\hbox{}\nobreak \hfil(\thesubsubqexpected~\ifnum\thesubsubqexpected=1 mark \else marks\fi) \parfillskip=0pt \finalhyphendemerits=0 \par \end{list} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{environment} % % Note that none of these three environments check whether they are correctly % nested (i.e., \textsf{subsubquestion} within \textsf{subquestion} within % \textsf{question}). % % % \subsection{Draft examination printing} % % \begin{macro}{\@marking} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/17}{NJS New \cs{@draft} macro.} % Specifying the \textsf{draft} option causes \textsf{ouexam} to print % \fbox{DRAFT} in large letters in the header of every page. This is drawn by % the \cs{@draft} macro, which is included in the page header definition of % all the page styles for this class (see % \hyperref[pagestyles]{section~\ref*{pagestyles}}). \textbf{Note:} Because % the \cs{@draft} macro is included in the page header, it will usually % overflow the page boundaries, causing ``|Overfull \vbox|'' warnings. Note % the extra set of braces to limit the scope of the \cs{Huge}. % % \begin{macrocode} \if@draft\def\@draft{{\Huge\fbox{DRAFT}}} \else\let\@draft\@empty \fi % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Marking schedule information} % % \begin{environment}{marking} % \begin{macro}{\@markingschedule} % \changes{1.2}{1999/10/26}{NJS New \textsf{marking} environment for including % answers and/or marking schedule information.} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS Now prints ``MARKING SCHEDULE'' at the bottom % of every page if the \textsf{markingschedule} class option is specified.} % The \textsf{marking} environment allows the specification of marking % schedule information in the same location as the questions. If the % \textsf{markingschedule} class option is specified, marking schedule % information is printed in italics. In addition, \fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE} is % printed in large letters in the footer of every page. This is drawn by the % \cs{@markingschedule} macro, which is included in the page footer % definition of all the page styles for this class (see % \hyperref[pagestyles]{section~\ref*{pagestyles}}). Note the extra set of % braces to limit the scope of the \cs{Huge}. % % \begin{macrocode} \if@markingschedule \newenvironment{marking}{\itshape}{\normalfont} \def\@markingschedule{{\Huge\fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE}}} \else % \end{macrocode} % % Normally \textsf{marking} just maps to the \textsf{comment} environment from % Rainer Sch\"{o}pf's \textsf{verbatim} package, i.e., marking information is not % printed: % % \begin{macrocode} \let\marking\comment \let\endmarking\endcomment \let\@markingschedule\@empty \fi % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{environment} % % % \subsection{Section handling} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS new \textsf{examsection} environment.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS New \cs{@defsecinst} macro.} % \begin{environment}{examsection} % \begin{macro}{\@defsecinst} % The \textsf{examsection} environment specifies a major section of an % examination paper. Sections are sequentially numbered ``A'', ``B'', etc. The % environment has three arguments: % % \begin{enumerate} % \item The expected number of marks for the section. % % \item The instructions for this section. This defaults to ``ANSWER ALL % QUESTIONS.'' if left blank. To change the default text, redefine the % \cs{@defsecinst} macro. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@defsecinst{ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.} % \end{macrocode} % % \item A description of the contents of the section which may be left blank. % \end{enumerate} % % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{examsection}[3]{% % \end{macrocode} % Every section begins on a new page. % \begin{macrocode} \newpage % \end{macrocode} % If the argument for the number of marks is left empty, default to zero. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{sectexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{sectexpected}{#1}\fi \refstepcounter{xsection} \setcounter{sectrunning}{0} % \end{macrocode} % The section title is formatted as ``\textbf{\underline{Section A}}'', in % \cs{large} size. % \begin{macrocode} {\large\noindent\textbf{\underline{Section~\thexsection}}} \\[0.5\baselineskip] \def\@usersecinst{#2} \ifx\@usersecinst\@empty\@defsecinst\else\@usersecinst\fi\par \def\@usersectopic{#3} \ifx\@usersectopic\@empty\else\par\noindent\@usersectopic\fi \\ }{% % \end{macrocode} % % When the environment closes, the value of |sectrunning| is compared against % |sectexpected|, and a warning is raised if they do not match. The total number % marks for the section is printed in the form ``\textbf{[SECTION A TOTAL % \emph{m} MARKS]}'' where \emph{m} is the value of |sectrunning|. % % \begin{macrocode} \ifnum\thesectrunning=\thesectexpected \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual mark (\thesectrunning) for section % \thexsection\space doesn't match expected mark (\thesectexpected)} \fi \bigskip\hfill\textbf{[SECTION \thexsection\ TOTAL % \thesectrunning\ MARKS]} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{environment} % % \begin{macro}{\newsection} % \textbf{[DEPRECATED]} The \cs{newsection} macro generates a new examination % section, appropriately numbered. The optional argument contains instructions % for answering the questions in the new section, and defaults to ``ANSWER ALL % QUESTIONS''. This macro is included only for backwards compatibility with % previous versions. The \textsf{examsection} environment replaces this macro % and should be used in new documents. This macro will eventually be deleted. % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\newsection}[1][ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.]{% \ClassWarning{ouexam}{DEPRECATED: The \protect\newsection\space % macro is deprecated; use the examsection environment instead} % \end{macrocode} % Every section begins on a new page. % \begin{macrocode} \newpage \refstepcounter{xsection} % \end{macrocode} % The section title is formatted as ``\textbf{\underline{Section A}}'', in % \cs{large} size. Note that sections are ``numbered'' A, B, \ldots. % \begin{macrocode} {\large\noindent\textbf{\underline{Section~\thexsection}}} \\[0.5\baselineskip] #1 } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Title page generation} % % \begin{macro}{\examyear} % \begin{macro}{\@year} % The \cs{examyear} macro specifies the year in which the examination is being % held. It redefines the \cs{@year} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\examyear}[1]{\def\@year{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % This macro is required: % \begin{macrocode} \def\@year{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\examyear\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\department} % \begin{macro}{\@dept} % The \cs{department} macro specifies the name of the department, and is required. % It redefines the \cs{@dept} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\department}[1]{\def\@dept{#1}} \def\@dept{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\department\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\papernumber} % \begin{macro}{\@pnumber} % The \cs{papernumber} macro specifies the paper number, and is required. % It redefines the \cs{@pnumber} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\papernumber}[1]{\def\@pnumber{#1}} \def\@pnumber{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\papernumber\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\papertitle} % \begin{macro}{\@ptitle} % The \cs{papertitle} macro specifies the title of the paper, and is required. % It redefines the \cs{@ptitle} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\papertitle}[1]{\def\@ptitle{#1}} \def\@ptitle{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\papertitle\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\semester} % \begin{macro}{\@semester} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/14}{NJS Rewrote \cs{semester} to support summer school % and special exams.} % The \cs{semester} macro specifies which semester the examination is for. Legal % values for the argument are ``1'', ``2'', ``SS'' for summer school or ``SP'' for % a special examination---anything else is ignored. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@ONE{1} \def\@TWO{2} \def\@SS{SS} \def\@SP{SP} % \end{macrocode} % This macro redefines the \cs{@semester} macro which is used in % \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\semester}[1]{% \def\@sem{#1} \ifx\@sem\@ONE\def\@semester{Semester One} \else\ifx\@sem\@TWO\def\@semester{Semester Two} \else\ifx\@sem\@SS\def\@semester{Summer School} \else\ifx\@sem\@SP\def\@semester{Special Examination} \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{invalid value `#1' for % \protect\semester\space; valid values are `1', `2', `SS' % and `SP'. No semester information will be printed} \fi\fi\fi\fi } % \end{macrocode} % \cs{semester} is optional---if you omit it or give it an invalid argument, % \cs{@semester} remains empty. % \begin{macrocode} \let\@semester\@empty % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\timeallowed} % \begin{macro}{\@hours} % The \cs{timeallowed} macro specifies the length of the examination in hours. % It redefines the \cs{@hours} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\timeallowed}[1]{\def\@hours{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \cs{timeallowed} is optional---if you omit it, \cs{@hours} defaults to ``3'': % \begin{macrocode} \def\@hours{3} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{num.pages} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Renamed label from \cs{page.last}.} % There is no macro to specify the number of pages in the examination because % it is done automatically by inserting a \cs{newlabel} that refers to the last % page directly into the |.aux| file: % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{num.pages}{{}{\thepage}}} } % \end{macrocode} % This label is then referenced in \cs{@maketitlepage}. % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{num.questions} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS New \cs{num.questions} label representing the % number of questions.} % Similarly, there is no macro to specify the number of questions in the % examination. This is calculated using the same method as for the number of % pages: % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \immediate\write\@auxout{% \string\newlabel{num.questions}{{}{\thequestion}} } } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\instructions} % \begin{macro}{\@instructions} % The \cs{instructions} macro specifies instructions on how candidates should % answer questions. It redefines the \cs{@instructions} macro that is used in % \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \def\@instructions{Answer \underline{ALL} questions.} % \end{macrocode} % \cs{instructions} is optional. If you omit it, \cs{@instructions} defaults % to ``Answer \underline{ALL} questions.'' % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\instructions}[1]{\def\@instructions{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\material} % \begin{macro}{\@material} % The \cs{material} macro lets specifies any additional material that candidates % are provided in addition to the examination paper itself, and is optional. % It redefines the \cs{@material} macro that is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \let\@material\@empty \newcommand{\material}[1]{\def\@material{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\allowcalculators} % \begin{macro}{\@calculators} % The \cs{allowcalculators} macro specifies whether or not calculators are % allowed in the examination. If \cs{allowcalculators} is omitted, \cs{@calculators} % defaults to ``may not'': % \begin{macrocode} \def\@calculators{may not} % \end{macrocode} % Issuing an \cs{allowcalculators} changes the redefines \cs{@calculators} to % ``may'': % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\allowcalculators}{\def\@calculators{may}} % \end{macrocode} % \cs{@calculators} is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}. % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\copiesof} % \begin{macro}{\@copiesof} % The \cs{copiesof} macro specifies any material that candidates are allowed to % bring into the examination, and is optional. It redefines the \cs{@copiesof} % macro that is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \let\@copiesof\@empty \newcommand{\copiesof}[1]{\def\@copiesof{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\otherinstructions} % \begin{macro}{\@otherinst} % The \cs{otherinstructions} macro specifies any other instructions not covered % by any of the above, and is optional. It redefines the \cs{@otherinst} % macro that is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \let\@otherinst\@empty \newcommand{\otherinstructions}[1]{\def\@otherinst{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\maketitlepage} % The \cs{maketitlepage} macro is the \textsf{ouexam} analogue of \cs{maketitle}. % It takes all of the information provided by the above macros and generates a % properly formatted examination title page. If you want to design your own title % page styles, redefine \cs{@maketitlepage} (this is not normally recommended % however). % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\maketitlepage}{\@maketitlepage} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\@maketitlepage} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Renamed macro from \cs{maketitlepage}.} % The \cs{@maketitlepage} macro generates an examination title page that % meets the Otago University requirements for final examination papers. You % can redefine this if you want to change the format, but normally you would % not do this. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@maketitlepage{% \thispagestyle{titlepage} % \end{macrocode} % The header information for the examination is printed centered at the top % of the page. The department, paper number and paper title (and the semester % information if required) are placed inside a double box. % \begin{macrocode} \begin{center} {\Large \textbf{UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO EXAMINATIONS \@year}} \\[\baselineskip] \fbox{\framebox[\linewidth]{% \begin{tabular}{c} \\ {\large \@dept} \\ \\ {\large Paper \@pnumber} \\ \\ {\large \@ptitle} \\ \ifx\@semester\@empty\else\@semester \\ \fi \\ \end{tabular}% }} \mbox{}\\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Next, the time allowed for completing the examination: % \begin{macrocode} \textbf{(TIME ALLOWED: \@hours\ HOURS)} \\[\baselineskip] \end{center} % \end{macrocode} % The number of pages is automatically calculated, as described earlier. All we % need to do is reference the |num.pages| label that we put into the |.aux| % file: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{This examination paper comprises \pageref{num.pages} pages.} \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out the instructions for answering questions: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Candidates should answer questions as follows:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@instructions\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out any provided material: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{The following material is provided:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@material\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out use of calculators section: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Use of calculators:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm} Electronic calculators \@calculators\ be used in this examination. \\[\baselineskip] Please note: where the use of calculators is permitted, these must be non-pro\-gram\-ma\-ble, hand-held calculators without alphabetic key pads. \end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] \mbox{}\hfill(Subject to inspection by the examiners.) \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out anything that candidates are allowed to bring: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Candidates are permitted copies of:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@copiesof\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] \mbox{}\hfill(Subject to inspection by the examiners.) \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out other instructions, and finish. % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Other Instructions:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@otherinst\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] \newpage } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Obsolete macros and environments} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS All \textsf{multichoice} macros and environments % made obsolete.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS \cs{markingschedule}, \cs{marks}, \cs{totalmarks} % macros made obsolete.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS \textsf{questions}, \textsf{subquestions}, % \textsf{subsubquestions} environments made obsolete.} % The following macros and environments are no longer supported as of version % 2.0. Documents that use these macros can be processed using ouexam v1.2 or % earlier. The obsolete multiple-choice examination support is dealt with % during option processing, so we can ignore the obsolete multiple-choice % macros. % % \begin{environment}{questions} % \begin{environment}{subquestions} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Now disabled when \textsf{multichoice} is % active.} % \begin{environment}{subsubquestions} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Now disabled when \textsf{multichoice} is % active.} % \begin{macro}{markingschedule} % \changes{1.2}{1999/10/26}{NJS New macro to turn marking information on and % off.} % The \textsf{questions}, \textsf{subquestions} and \textsf{subsubquestions} % environments have been replaced by the \textsf{question}, % \textsf{subquestion} and \textsf{subsubquestion} environments respectively. % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{questions}{% \def\item{\@unsupported{questions environment}}}{} \newenvironment{subquestions}{% \def\item{\@unsupported{subquestions environment}}}{} \newenvironment{subsubquestions}{% \def\item{\@unsupported{subsubquestions environment}}}{} % \end{macrocode} % The \cs{markingschedule} macro has been replaced by the % \textsf{markingschedule} class option. We can't map this to the % \cs{@unsupported} macro because \cs{markingschedule} occurs in the document % preamble. Mapping it to \cs{@unsupported} causes \TeX\ to blow up for some % reason. It's safe enough to ignore it. % \begin{macrocode} \let\markingschedule\@empty % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{environment} % \end{environment} % \end{environment} % % \begin{macro}{\marks} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS This macro now increments the \texttt{marks} % counter.} % \begin{macro}{\totalmarks} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Removed the parameter for the number of marks; % Both these macros have been replaced by automatic calculations within the % question-building environments.} % The \cs{marks} macro has been replaced by the argument to the various % question-building environments. The \cs{totalmarks} macro has been replaced % by automatic calculations within these environments. % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\marks}[1]{\@unsupported{marks macro}} \newcommand{\totalmarks}{\@unsupported{totalmarks macro}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % % % \Finale % % \PrintChanges
\def\filedate{30 January 2002} \def\fileversion{2.0.1} \def\shortdate{2002/04/30} % \iffalse meta-comment %% %% ouexam.dtx Copyright 1999--2002 Nigel Stanger and University of Otago %% %% You may use this package freely, and also distribute it %% provided that you don't change it, make any money off %% it or pretend that you wrote it. %% %<*driver> \documentclass{ltxdoc} \usepackage{doc} \DisableCrossrefs \CodelineNumbered \RecordChanges \usepackage{graphicx} % change hyperref options as required \usepackage[dvips,colorlinks,pdfpagemode=None,a4paper,urlcolor=blue, linkcolor=red,pdfauthor={Nigel Stanger}]{hyperref} \title{The \textsf{ouexam} document class, v\fileversion} \author{Nigel Stanger\\nstanger@infoscience.otago.ac.nz} \date{\filedate} \begin{document} \maketitle \DocInput{ouexam.dtx} \end{document} %</driver> % % \fi % %% \CheckSum{760} %% %% \CharacterTable %% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z %% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z %% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9 %% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \# %% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \& %% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \) %% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \, %% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/ %% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \< %% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \? %% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\ %% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_ %% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \| %% Right brace \} Tilde \~} %% % % \MakeShortVerb{\|} % % \changes{1.0}{1999/04/15}{Initial version.} % % \begin{abstract} % This document class allows you to create Otago University final % examination papers using \LaTeXe\@. It implements the major formatting % requirements specified by the University, provides useful % macros to ease the process of building the title page and automatically % deals with fiddly little issues such as question and section numbering, % the number of pages in the paper, printing ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' in the % bottom right corner of every page except the last one and ensuring that the % total number of marks for a question adds up to the expected number. % \end{abstract} % % % \tableofcontents % % % \section{Overview} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/11}{NJS Added note on backwards compatibility.} % \subsection{Important note on backwards compatibility} % % Version 2.0 of \textsf{ouexam} introduces several major changes from earlier % versions. Consequently, documents created using an earlier version of % \textsf{ouexam} are \emph{incompatible} with version 2.0 or later. Versions 2.0 % and greater of \textsf{ouexam} will detect attempts to process version 1.x % document and display an error message. % % The older version (1.2) is still available and can be downloaded from the same % location as the current version. To process older version documents, just copy % the version 1.2 |ouexam.cls| file into the same directory as the document file. % \TeX\ searches the current directory first, so this copy will take precedence % over any other installed version of \textsf{ouexam}. % % % \subsection{Class options} % % This document class is based on the \textsf{article} class and accepts any of % the options accepted by \textsf{article}. The default options are % \textsf{onecolumn}, \textsf{oneside}, \textsf{a4paper} and \textsf{12pt}. % Normally the only one you might want to change is the last one. % In addition, \textsf{ouexam} accepts the following ``native'' class options: % \begin{description} % \item[\textsf{draft}] \DescribeMacro{draft} This option has the usual % effects that you would expect for \textsf{draft} mode in the % \textsf{article} class, plus \fbox{DRAFT} is printed in % the header of every page. Note that if you use the \textsf{graphicx} % package and turn on the \textsf{draft} option in \textsf{ouexam}, all % included graphics will be drawn in draft mode unless you specify the % |draft=false| option to \cs{includegraphics}. % % \item[\textsf{markingschedule}] \DescribeMacro{markingschedule} This option % Rather than write a separate marking schedule for an examination paper, you % can use the \textsf{marking} environment to embed marking information % within questions (see % \hyperref[Sec:Questions:Marking]{section~\ref*{Sec:Questions:Marking}}). % By default this information is not printed (for obvious reasons!), but % when it comes time to print a marking schedule for the examination, % including the \textsf{markingschedule} class option in the % \cs{usepackage} command will cause \textsf{ouexam} to print the hidden % content. It will also print \fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE} in the footer of % every page. % \end{description} % % % \subsection{Required packages} % % This class requires the \textsf{verbatim} package in order to implement % the marking schedule functionality. % % % \subsection{Page margins} % % This class assumes A4 paper. You will probably get weird results if you try % to do anything different. The margins are set up as follows: top and bottom % 2cm (headers and footers are inside this margin), left and right 2.54cm (1in). % % % \subsection{Page styles} % % There are three page styles defined in this class: % \begin{description} % \item[\textsf{plain}] \DescribeMacro{plain} This is a slight modification % of the \textsf{plain} page style from \textsf{article}. It produces pages % that have the page number centered at the top, the paper number in the top % right corner and the text ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' in the bottom right. This % is the default page style. % % \item[\textsf{lastpage}] \DescribeMacro{lastpage} This is similar to % \textsf{plain} but without the ``\textbf{TURN OVER}''. It is used for the % last page of the examination. You normally will not have to use this % yourself---the class should take care of it automatically. The class does % however occasionally seem to get confused, so there may times when you have % to set the page style of the last page manually. It will be fairly obvious % when you need to do this---the usual effect is that the last page % has``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' printed on it when it should not. % % \item[\textsf{titlepage}] \DescribeMacro{titlepage} This is similar to % \textsf{plain} but without the page header, and is used for the title page % of the paper. As with \textsf{lastpage}, you will normally not use this % yourself, because the \cs{maketitlepage} macro handles this automatically % (see \hyperref[Sec:TitlePage]{section~\ref*{Sec:TitlePage}}). % \end{description} % % % \section{Writing an examination paper} % % % \subsection{Sections} % \label{Sec:Sections} % % Examination papers may have multiple sections, ``numbered'' A, B, \ldots. % Rather than redefine the existing section macros, this class defines an % \DescribeEnv{examsection} \textsf{examsection} environment\footnote{Note that % the old \cs{newsection} macro has been retained for backwards compatibility % with earlier development versions of \textsf{ouexam}. The \textsf{examsection} % environment replaces this macro and should be used in all new documents.} that % generates a new section. The \textsf{examsection} environment has three % mandatory arguments: % \begin{enumerate} % \item The expected number of marks for the question. If you leave this % argument empty it defaults to zero. \textsf{ouexam} keeps a running total % of the \emph{actual} number of marks encountered within a section, which is % compared with the value of this argument when the environment is closed. % An error is raised if the values are not equal. The running total is also % typeset right-justified in the form ``\textbf{[SECTION A TOTAL 20 MARKS]}'' % as an additional verification. % % % \item Instructions for answering questions in this section (such as % ``Answer any TWO questions.''). If you leave this argument empty it % defaults to ``ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.''. % % \item A description of the topic of the section. This can be left % empty. % \end{enumerate} % Every section begins on a new page, and the section title is formatted as % ``\textbf{\underline{Section A}}'', in \cs{large} size. For example: \\ % % \noindent|\begin{examsection}{25}{}{These questions are remarkably boring.}| \\ % \hspace*{1cm}\vdots \\ % |\end{examsection}| \\ % % \noindent will produce the following (assuming that the actual number of % marks in the question is correct): % % \begin{center} % \fbox{% % \begin{minipage}{0.9\columnwidth} % {\large\noindent\textbf{\underline{Section~A}}} \\[0.5\baselineskip] % ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. \\ % These questions are remarkably boring. \\ % \hspace*{2cm}\vdots \\ % \mbox{}\hfill\textbf{[SECTION A TOTAL 25 MARKS]} % \end{minipage} % } % \end{center} % % % \subsection{Questions} % \label{Sec:Questions} % % \textsf{ouexam} provides three environments for building examination % questions: \DescribeEnv{question} \textsf{question}, % \DescribeEnv{subquestion} \textsf{subquestion} and \textsf{subsubquestion}, % which correspond to top-level questions, parts of questions, and % \DescribeEnv{subsubquestion} sub-parts of questions respectively. They % produce questions that are numbered according to University examination % formatting requirements. Note that questions are normally numbered % sequentially throughout the entire paper regardless of any section % boundaries. % % All three environments have a single mandatory argument which is the % expected number of marks for the question, part or sub-part. If this % argument is left empty it will default to zero. This argument works in much % the same way as the first argument to the \textsf{examsection} environment % (see \hyperref[Sec:Sections]{section~\ref*{Sec:Sections}}): \textsf{ouexam} % keeps a running total of the number of marks encountered within each % question part and sub-part, and compares this total with the expected value % when the environment closes. Where appropriate, the running total is % typeset right-justified in the form ``(5 marks)''. For example: % \begin{verbatim} % \begin{question}{5} % \begin{subquestion}{2} % Why is the sky blue? % \end{subquestion} % \begin{subquestion}{3} % Explain in detail how the sky can be made pink. % \end{subquestion} % \end{question} % \begin{question}{1} % Define the term ``floccinaucinihilipilification''. % \end{question} % \end{verbatim} % % \newpage\noindent will produce the following: % \begin{center} % \fbox{% % \begin{minipage}{0.9\columnwidth} % \begin{enumerate} % \item % \begin{enumerate} % \item Why is the sky blue? \hfill (2 marks) % % \item Explain in detail how the sky can be made pink. \hfill (3 % marks) % \end{enumerate} % % \item Define the term ``floccinaucinihilipilification''. \hfill (1 % mark) % \end{enumerate} % \end{minipage} % } % \end{center} % % The \textsf{question} environments handle formatting of marks totals % automatically, including considerations such as: % \begin{itemize} % \item whether or not to print the number of marks for a question at all % (they should not be printed if the question has sub-parts); % % \item whether to print ``mark'' or ``marks'' (e.g., question 2 above); and % % \item where to position the number of marks relative to the question, % depending on how full the last line of the question is. % \end{itemize} % % % \subsection{Marking schedule information} % \label{Sec:Questions:Marking} % % Rather than writing a separate marking schedule for an examination paper, % you can use the \DescribeEnv{marking} \textsf{marking} environment to embed % marking information within questions. By default this information is not % printed (for obvious reasons!), but when it comes time to print a marking % schedule for the examination, use the \textsf{markingschedule} class option % to print the hidden content. The marking information will be printed in % \emph{italics} to differentiate it from the main body of the examination, % and \fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE} will also be printed in the footer of every % page. % % % \subsection{The title page} % \label{Sec:TitlePage} % % This class defines a collection of macros that let you fill in the various % parts of the examination title page. This is analogous to the process you use % to generate the title of a document in, for example, the \textsf{article} class % (using \cs{title}, \cs{author}, \cs{date} and \cs{maketitle}). That is, you % issue the macros described below in the document preamble, then issue a % \cs{maketitlepage} in the document body. % % The \DescribeMacro{\examyear} \cs{examyear} macro lets you specify the year % in which the examination is being held, for example, |\examyear{1999}|. This % macro is mandatory. % % The \DescribeMacro{\department} \cs{department} macro lets you specify the % name of the department that produced the examination paper, for example, % |\department{Information| |Science}|. This macro is mandatory. % % The \DescribeMacro{\papernumber} \cs{papernumber} macro lets you specify the % paper number that the examination is for, for example, % |\papernumber{COMP 101}|. This macro is mandatory. \textbf{Warning:} Do not make % the paper number string too long or it will overlap the page number. Be % particularly careful when you specify semester information using \cs{semester}, % because this is appended to the paper number in the page header. For example, % if you specify |\papernumber{COMP 101}| and |\semester{2}|, the header will % contain ``COMP 101 (Semester Two)'' rather than just ``COMP 101''. The worst % case you will need to consider in such situations is a special examination, % which inserts the text ``(Special Examination)'' after the paper number. % % The \DescribeMacro{\papertitle} \cs{papertitle} macro lets you specify the % title of the paper, for example, % |\papertitle{Systems Analysis and Design Methods}|. This macro is mandatory. % % Some papers are offered in more than one semester. The % \DescribeMacro{\semester} \cs{semester} macro lets you specify which semester % the examination is for. The argument can be either ``1'' or ``2'' for semesters % 1 and 2, ``SS'' for summer school or ``SP'' for a special examination, for % example, |\semester{2}|. Invalid values for the argument cause a warning to be % raised. This macro is optional---if you omit it, no semester information is % generated. % % The \DescribeMacro{\timeallowed} \cs{timeallowed} macro lets you specify the % length of the examination in hours, for example, |\timeallowed{2}|. This % macro is optional---if you omit it, it defaults to three (3) hours. % % If calculators are allowed in the examination, use the % \DescribeMacro{\allowcalculators} \cs{allowcalculators} macro. This macro is % optional---if you omit it, a sentence is printed saying that calculators % are \emph{not} allowed. % % The \DescribeMacro{\instructions} \cs{instructions} macro lets you specify % instructions on how candidates should complete the % examination, for example, |\instructions{Answer ALL| |questions.}|. This macro % is optional. Note that the content of the instructions can be just about % anything. It is up to you to control formatting, such as how you want lines % broken, etc. This also true of the \cs{material}, \cs{copiesof} and % \cs{otherinstructions} macros described below. % % The \DescribeMacro{\material} \cs{material} macro lets you specify any % additional material that candidates are provided in addition to the % examination paper itself, for example, |\material{SQL schema definition}|. % This macro is optional. % % The \DescribeMacro{\copiesof} \cs{copiesof} macro lets you specify any % material that candidates are allowed to bring into the examination, for % example, |\copiesof{McFadden &| |Hoffer, 5th edition}|. This macro is % optional. % % The \DescribeMacro{\otherinstructions} \cs{otherinstructions} macro lets you % specify any other instructions not covered by any of the above, for example, % |\otherinstructions{No smoking| |allowed.}|. This macro is optional. % % Once you have specified the content of the title page using the above % macros, you simply issue a \DescribeMacro{\maketitlepage} \cs{maketitlepage} % to generate the front page of the examination (cf. \cs{maketitle}). The title % page generated meets University formatting requirements. % Note that the number of pages in the examination paper is generated % and inserted into the title page automatically---you do not need to specify % it manually. % % % \subsection{Miscellaneous} % % Most examinationss are marked out of 100, and \textsf{ouexam} defaults to % this. However, if you want an examination that is marked out of some other % number, for example, 90 marks, you can specify this using the % \DescribeMacro{\examoutof} \cs{examoutof} macro. Thus, |\examoutof{90}| % will set the expected number of marks for the examination to 90. This value % is used by \textsf{ouexam} to verify that the marks for all the questions % add up to the expected number of marks for the examination. % % % \section{Errors and warnings} % % In this section are described the error messages and warning produced by % \textsf{ouexam}, and the reasons why they occur. % % % \subsection{Error messages} % % \noindent\texttt{INCOMPATIBLE (\ldots): this document was written for an % earlier} \\ % \texttt{version of ouexam \ldots} \\ % You are trying to use v2.0 or later of \textsf{ouexam} with a document that % was written for \textsf{ouexam} v1.2 or earlier. Versions 2.0 and later of % \textsf{ouexam} are \emph{fundamentally incompatible} with earlier % versions. The only solutions here are either to revert to \textsf{ouexam} % v1.2 or earlier (you can put a copy of the class file in the same directory % as the document), or rewrite the document to conform to the current version % of \textsf{ouexam}. You should be able to download a copy of v1.2 from the % same location that you found the current version. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{examyear} was specified} \\ % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{department} was specified} \\ % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{papernumber} was specified} \\ % \noindent\texttt{no \cs{papertitle} was specified} \\ % You have not specified one of these macros. All four of these macros are % mandatory and must be included in the preamble of any \textsf{ouexam} % document. \\ % % % \subsection{Warnings} % % \noindent\texttt{actual number of marks for exam (\ldots) does not match % expected} \\ % \texttt{number of marks (\ldots)} \\ % The actual number of marks supplied for the whole examination (calculated % by summing the marks for all the questions) is not the same as the expected % total for the examination. Adjust the marks for the questions until the % totals match. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{actual mark (\ldots) for section \ldots\ does not match % expected} \\ % \texttt{mark (\ldots)} \\ % The actual number of marks supplied for a particular section (calculated by % summing the marks for all the questions in that section) is not the same as % the expected total for that section. Adjust the marks for the questions in % the section concerned until the totals match. The section number is given % in the warning. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{actual mark (\ldots) for question \ldots\ does not match % expected} \\ % \texttt{mark (\ldots)} \\ % The actual number of marks supplied for a particular question (calculated % by summing the marks of all its sub-parts) is not the same as the expected % total for that question. Adjust the marks for the sub-parts of the % question until the totals match. The question number is given % in the warning. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{DEPRECATED: The \cs{newsection} macro is deprecated; use % the} \\ % \texttt{examsection environment instead} \\ % The \cs{newsection} macro is a hangover from earlier versions of % \textsf{ouexam}, and has been left in v2.0 for backwards compatibility with % some documents that use it. The entire sectioning mechanism was rewritten % from scratch for v2.0, so this macro is now deprecated and will eventually % disappear. You should use the \textsf{examsection} environment % instead. \\ % % \noindent\texttt{invalid value `\ldots' for \cs{semester}; valid values are % `1', `2', `SS'} \\* % \texttt{and `SP'. No semester information will be printed} \\* % You have given an invalid value as the argument to the \cs{semester} macro. % The allowed values are `1' (semester one), `2' (semester two), `SS' (summer % school) and `SP' (special examination). Any other values will be ignored. % Note that these are case-sensitive, for example, `sp' is invalid. \\ % % % \section{Example} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/25}{NJS Updated example to conform to 2.0 changes.} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Updated example to conform to 1.1 changes.} % The code given below is for the first three pages of the INFO~321 2001 % final examination. The output produced by this source is shown in % \hyperref[Fig.Example]{figure~\ref*{Fig.Example} on % page~\pageref*{Fig.Example}}. Particular points to note in this example % are: % % \begin{itemize} % % \item The number of hours is not specified, so it defaults to three. % % \item This examination allows calculators. % % \item The \textsf{listings} package is used to typeset code listings. % % \item The argument of the \cs{instructions} macro can be just about % anything, as can the arguments of the \cs{material}, \cs{copiesof} and % \cs{otherinstructions} macros. In this example, the \cs{instructions} % macro has been omitted, causing \textsf{ouexam} to output the default % instructions. % % \item Marking schedule information has been embedded within the % questions. \hyperref[Fig.Example2]{Figure~\ref*{Fig.Example2} on % page~\pageref*{Fig.Example2}} shows the output produced by this source % when the \textsf{markingschedule} class option is used. % % \end{itemize} % % \small % \begin{verbatim} % \documentclass{ouexam} % % \usepackage{graphicx} % \usepackage{listings} % % \examyear{2001} % \department{Information Science} % \papernumber{INFO 321} % \papertitle{Database Systems} % \allowcalculators % % \begin{document} % % \lstloadlanguages{ODL,OQL,[Oracle8]SQL,[Oracle8]PLSQL} % \lstset{basicstyle=\sffamily, stringspaces=false, tabsize=2, % indent=1cm, belowskip=0pt, commentstyle=\itshape, % labelstyle=\scriptsize, labelsep=5pt, labelstep=1,} % % \maketitlepage % % \begin{examsection}{25}{}{Questions in this section (total 25 marks) % relate to physical database design and tuning.} % % % \begin{question}{10} % % A major U.S. mail order firm is having performance problems with queries % on the \textsf{Customer} table in its Oracle8 order-processing database. % Consider the following information about the \textsf{Customer} table, % then answer the questions below: \\ % % \textsf{\textbf{Customer}(\underline{customer\_no}, name, address, city, % state, country, phone, email, status)} % % \begin{itemize} % \item \textsf{customer\_no} is the primary key and because this is an % Oracle8 database, a unique B-tree index has been automatically created % on this column. % % \item \textsf{status} is a single character column that holds one of % the values `I' (inactive), `B' (bronze), `S' (silver) or `G' (gold). % The value of this column is determined by a customer's order history. % % \item About 10\% of customers are inactive, about 50\% have bronze % status, about 35\% have silver status and about 5\% have gold status. % % \item The average row size is about 200 bytes and there are % approximately 5,000,000 rows. % % \item The \textsf{Customer} table is heavily queried (averaging thirty % new queries per minute) by four different groups of employees. Group~1 % queries only inactive customers, group~2 queries only bronze status % customers and groups~3 and~4 both query only silver and gold status % customers. Members of any group may query the table at any time and % queries often overlap. % % \item UPDATE, INSERT and DELETE operations on the table are uncommon. % % \item Very few queries are for individual customers; rather, most % queries are based on various combinations of values from % \textsf{status}, \textsf{city}, \textsf{state} and \textsf{country}. % \end{itemize}\medskip % % \begin{subquestion}{3} % Describe and justify an \emph{index-based} physical tuning solution % that will improve the performance of queries on the \textsf{Customer} % table. (No code is required.) % \begin{marking} % Since queries tend to be on combinations of several low-cardinality % columns [1] and the table is very large [1], the most effective % solution would be to place bitmap indexes on status, city, state and % country [1]. % % B-tree indexes on any of the individual columns would not be ideal % because of their low cardinality. A possible alternative is a % composite B-tree index on all four columns [1 for suggesting this if % appropriate], but this is not ideal and would be much larger than % the four bitmap indexes [1 for this explanation if appropriate]. % Hashing is definitely \emph{not} an option, because very few queries % are exact match. % \end{marking} % \end{subquestion} % % \begin{subquestion}{7} % \begin{subsubquestion}{5}\label{nonindex} % Assuming that there are two identical fast disks available, describe % and justify two alternative \emph{non index-based} physical tuning % solutions that will improve the performance of queries on the % \textsf{Customer} table. For each solution include details of how % the two disks will be used. (No code is required.) % \begin{marking} % Alternative 1: partition the table across the two disks based on % status (four partitions, one for each status value) [1]. This will % allow simultaneous parallel access to different parts of the table % by the different groups [1]. Since two groups both access silver % and gold customers, it makes sense to put the silver customers on % disk one and the gold customers on disk two. Bronze customers % account for 50\% of the table, so it makes sense to also put them % on disk two (as the gold customers are the smallest group), and % put the inactive customers on disk one with the silver customers. % [1 for any sensible partitioning scheme] % % Alternative 2: replicate the table across both disks (one replica % on each disk) [1]. This will also provide simultaneous parallel % access to the data (hard to tell whether this would be better or % worse than the partitioning above) [1]. % % Note that any solution must be capable of being implemented in % Oracle8. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % % \begin{subsubquestion}{2} % Briefly discuss the relative advantages and/or disadvantages of the % two alternative solutions you described in part~(\ref{nonindex}) % above. % \begin{marking} % The partitioning solution given above doesn't really help with the % bronze customer rows---we would need random horizontal % partitioning to really help with this, which Oracle8 doesn't % support. More generally, Oracle8 does not migrate rows into the % correct partition if a customer's status changes, so the data will % need to be reloaded occasionally [1]. % % For replication, we have the usual problem of keeping the replicas % synchronised if they are both read/write. This is somewhat % mitigated by the fact that there are only two copies [1]. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % \end{subquestion} % \end{question} % % \newpage % % \begin{question}{10} % There are two generic parameters that affect the structure of a B-tree % index. % % \begin{subquestion}{6} % Identify these two parameters and describe what each parameter % specifies. Use diagrams to illustrate your answer. % \begin{marking} % \emph{Node size} [1] specifies the maximum number of pointers in % each index node [1]. Suitable diagram [1]. % % \emph{Percentage fill} [1] specifies the number of pointers in each % index node that are allocated when a node is created [1]. In effect, % it determines the amount of free space left in each node. Suitable % diagram [1]. % \end{marking} % \end{subquestion} % % \begin{subquestion}{4} % For each of the two parameters, discuss the practical effect(s) of: % \begin{subsubquestion}{2} % high values of the parameter; and % \begin{marking} % Large node size reduces the height of the B-tree, resulting in % potentially fewer I/Os to access a leaf node [$\frac{1}{2}$]. It % can however increase the number of rows locked in a single leaf % node [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % % High percent fill means that most pointers in a node will be % allocated when the node is created [$\frac{1}{2}$]. This leaves % little free space in the B-tree for new key values or key values % that change [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % \begin{subsubquestion}{2} % low values of the parameter. % \begin{marking} % Small node size increases the height of the B-tree, resulting in % potentially more I/Os to access a leaf node [$\frac{1}{2}$]. The % number of rows locked in a single leaf node will be reduced % [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % % Low percent fill means that most pointers in a node will not be % allocated when the node is created [$\frac{1}{2}$]. This leaves % little free space in the B-tree for new key values or key values % that change [$\frac{1}{2}$]. % \end{marking} % \end{subsubquestion} % \end{subquestion} % \end{question} % % % \begin{question}{5}\label{clusterq} % % \begin{subquestion}{2} % Define what is meant by the term ``clustering'' in the context of % physical database design and tuning, and explain why it is beneficial. % % \begin{marking} % Clustering is the grouping of related rows physically near to each % other on disk [1] so that they may be retrieved in as few I/Os as % possible (ideally one)---beneficial because of the slowness of disk % I/O compared to memory I/O [1]. % \end{marking} % \end{subquestion} % % \begin{subquestion}{3}\label{clusterqcode} % Consider the following Oracle8 SQL table definition: % % \begin{lstlisting}[language={[Oracle8]SQL}]{} % create table enrolment % ( student_id char(7), % paper_code char(7), % enrol_year number(4), % % primary key (student_id, paper_code, enrol_year) % ); % \end{lstlisting} % % The \textsf{Enrolment} table is often queried for all rows relating to % a particular student in a particular year (for example, student % 1234567 in 1998, student 9876543 in 2000, etc.). Write appropriate % Oracle8 SQL code that will cluster the rows of the table in such a way % as to support these types of query (you do not need to calculate % cluster sizes). Relevant Oracle8 syntax diagrams are given on the next % page. % \begin{marking} % \begin{lstlisting}[language={[Oracle8]SQL}]{} % create cluster enrolment_cluster (student_id char(7), year number(4)); % % create index enrol_cluster_index on cluster enrolment_cluster; % % create table enrolment % ( student_id char(7), % paper_code char(7), % enrol_year number(4), % % primary key (student_id, paper_code, enrol_year) % ) cluster enrolment_cluster(student_id, enrol_year); % \end{lstlisting} % \end{marking} % [1] each for correct cluster, cluster index and table clustering. % \end{subquestion} % % \end{question} % % \end{examsection} % . % . % . % \end{document} % \end{verbatim} % \normalsize % % \begin{figure} % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg1-1}} % \hfill % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg1-2}} % % \begin{center} % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg1-3}} % \end{center} % % \caption{Output produced by \textsf{ouexam}.} % \label{Fig.Example} % \end{figure} % % \begin{figure} % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-2}} % \hfill % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-3}} % % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-4}} % \hfill % \fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.28]{eg2-5}} % % \caption{Output produced by \textsf{ouexam} when % \textsf{markingschedule} is used.} % \label{Fig.Example2} % \end{figure} % % % \StopEventually{} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/10}{NJS Revamped and tided up documentation and code.} % % \section{The code} % % \subsection{Preamble} % % \begin{macrocode} \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1998/06/01] \ProvidesClass{ouexam}[\shortdate\space v\fileversion\space Otago % University examination paper] % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{\@unsupported} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/10}{NJS New \cs{@unsupported} macro.} % This macro is used to handle documents written for older versions of % \textsf{ouexam}. All obsolete macros map to this macro, which prints out an % appropriate error message. It needs to be defined early because it is used % to trap use of the obsolete \textsf{multichoice} class option. % % \begin{macrocode} \def\@unsupported#1{\ClassError{ouexam}{INCOMPATIBLE (#1): this % document was written for an earlier version of ouexam and is % not compatible with ouexam v\fileversion\space Please use ouexam % v1.2 or earlier to process this document. Version 1.2 can be % downloaded from the same location as version\space\fileversion}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{multichoice} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS New \textsf{multichoice} class option.} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/04}{NJS Removed support for \textsf{multichoice} option.} % The \textsf{multichoice} class option is no longer supported, but rather than % just breaking older documents, we can at least try to present a reasonable % error message. % % \begin{macrocode} \DeclareOption{multichoice}{% \OptionNotUsed\@unsupported{multichoice class option} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{twoside} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Turned off \textsf{twoside} option.} % This document class is based on the \textsf{article} class and accepts any of % the options accepted by \textsf{article}. The \textsf{twoside} option does % not really make sense, however---all Otago examination papers are printed % single-sided anyway, and the format is such that two-sided printing would % look no different. The \textsf{twoside} option is therefore not used in this % class. % % \begin{macrocode} \DeclareOption{twoside}{\OptionNotUsed} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{draft} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS New \textsf{draft} class option.} % \begin{macro}{\if@draft} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS New switch for \textsf{draft}.} % The \textsf{draft} option determines whether the examination is to be printed % in draft mode (default off). The \cs{if@draft} switch is used to determine % whether this is in effect (default false). Draft mode has the usual effects % that you would expect for draft mode in the \textsf{article} class, plus % \fbox{DRAFT} is printed in the header of every page. % % \begin{macrocode} \newif\if@draft \@draftfalse \DeclareOption{draft}{\@drafttrue} % does this need to be passed to the article class? % \end{macrocode} % % Note that if you use the \textsf{graphicx} package and turn on the % \textsf{draft} option in \textsf{ouexam}, all included graphics will % be drawn in draft mode unless you specify the |draft=false| option to the % \cs{includegraphics} macro. The amount of effort required to fix what is % a relatively small issue isn't really worth it, so this will not change. % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{markingschedule} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/05}{NJS New \textsf{markingschedule} class option.} % \begin{macro}{\if@markingschedule} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/05}{NJS New switch for \textsf{markingschedule}.} % The \textsf{markingschedule} option determines whether marking schedule % information is printed in addition to the questions (default off). The % \cs{if@markingschedule} switch is used to determine whether this is in effect % (default false). % % \begin{macrocode} \newif\if@markingschedule \@markingschedulefalse \DeclareOption{markingschedule}{\@markingscheduletrue} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % All other options are passed directly to the \textsf{article} class: % % \begin{macrocode} \DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}} \ProcessOptions % \end{macrocode} % % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Changed default point size to 12pt.} % The defaults for this class are \textsf{onecolumn}, \textsf{oneside}, % \textsf{a4paper} and \textsf{12pt}. The font size is the only one that might % need to change. % % \begin{macrocode} \LoadClass[onecolumn,oneside,a4paper,12pt]{article} % \end{macrocode} % % % \subsection{Required packages} % % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/08}{NJS Removed requirement for \textsf{calc} and % \textsf{ifthen} packages.} % The only required package is the \textsf{verbatim} package, which is used % to implement the \textsf{marking} environment: % % \begin{macrocode} \RequirePackage{verbatim} % \end{macrocode} % % % \subsection{Page setup} % % \begin{macro}{\oddsidemargin} % \begin{macro}{\topmargin} % \begin{macro}{\textwidth} % \begin{macro}{\textheight} % A4 paper is assumed (since this class is intended only for Otago examination % papers, this seems a reasonable assumption). The margins are top and bottom % 2cm, left and right 2.54cm (1in). % % \begin{macrocode} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0cm} \setlength{\topmargin}{-0.54cm} \setlength{\textwidth}{15.92cm} \setlength{\textheight}{25.7cm} \advance\textheight by-\headheight \advance\textheight by-\headsep \advance\textheight by-\footskip % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Page styles}\label{pagestyles} % % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/17}{NJS Added support to page styles for \textsf{draft} % and \textsf{markingschedule} class options.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/15}{NJS Fixed headers so that the page number is always % centered.} % % \begin{macro}{\ps@plain} % The \textsf{plain} page style is based on that in the \textsf{article} class, % and produces pages with the page number centered at the top, the paper number % in the top right corner and the text ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'' in the bottom % right. If semester information is specified, this is included in parentheses % after the paper code, for example, ``COMP 101 (Semester Two)''. % \begin{macrocode} \def\ps@plain{% \def\@oddhead{% % \end{macrocode} % Note that we have to get a bit clever to ensure that the page number is % properly centered in the page header. The naive solution is just to use % \cs{hfill}s, but this will cause the page number to shift around depending on % the length of \cs{@pnumber}. Piet van Oostrum's \textsf{fancyhdr} package will % do this for us, but it seems a bit of overkill to require this package merely % so that we can ensure that the page number remains centered. Instead, we've % borrowed the relevant technique from that class, which draws the left, centre % and right bits of the header as three overlapping boxes. You just have to be % careful that the value of \cs{@pnumber} isn't so long that it overwrites the % page number. % \begin{macrocode} \rlap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedright\@draft\strut}}\hfill \parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\centering\textrm{\thepage}\strut}\hfill \llap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedleft\@pnumber \ifx\@semester\@empty\else\ (\@semester)\fi\strut}}} \let\@evenhead\@oddhead \def\@oddfoot{\@markingschedule\hfill\textbf{TURN OVER}} \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \textsf{plain} is the default page style: % \begin{macrocode} \pagestyle{plain} % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{\ps@lastpage} % The \textsf{lastpage} page style is similar to \textsf{plain}, but without the % ``\textbf{TURN OVER}'': % \begin{macrocode} \def\ps@lastpage{% \def\@oddhead{% \rlap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedright\@draft\strut}}\hfill \parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\centering\textrm{\thepage}\strut}\hfill \llap{\parbox[b]{\columnwidth}{\raggedleft\@pnumber \ifx\@semester\@empty\else\ (\@semester)\fi\strut}}} \let\@evenhead\@oddhead \def\@oddfoot{\@markingschedule} \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \textsf{lastpage} should be automatically applied to the last page of the % document: % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{\thispagestyle{lastpage}} % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{\ps@titlepage} % The \textsf{titlepage} page style is similar to \textsf{plain}, but without % the header. % \begin{macrocode} \def\ps@titlepage{% \def\@oddhead{\@draft}% \let\@evenhead\@oddhead% \def\@oddfoot{\@markingschedule\hfill\textbf{TURN OVER}}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot% } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Various counters} % % Earlier versions of \textsf{ouexam} used the \textsf{enumerate} % environment to build questions, which meant that special counters were not % required. This version of the class, however, uses a different mechanism for % building questions, so we need to define custom counters for several things. % % \begin{macro}{question} % \begin{macro}{subquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subquestion} counter.} % \changes{2.0.1}{2000/04/30}{NJS Removed prefixed question number from % \cs{labelsubquestion} macro so that references now print as just ``(a)'' % instead of ``1(a)''.} % \begin{macro}{subsubquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subsubquestion} counter.} % \changes{2.0.1}{2000/04/30}{NJS The \texttt{subsubquestion} was incorrectly % printing as ``(a)'' rather than ``(i)''. Fixed.} % \changes{2.0.1}{2000/04/30}{NJS Removed prefixed question numbers from % \cs{labelsubsubquestion} macro so that references now print as just ``(i)'' % instead of ``1(a)(i)''.} % First, we define three counters for the three possible levels of question: % top-level question, second-level sub-question or third-level sub-sub-question: % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{question} \newcounter{subquestion}[question] \newcounter{subsubquestion}[subquestion] % \end{macrocode} % The three question levels are numbered as 1., (a) and (i) respectively, so we % also need to redefine the associated \cs{the} and \cs{label} macros % appropriately: % \begin{macrocode} \renewcommand{\thequestion}{\arabic{question}} \newcommand{\labelquestion}{\arabic{question}.} \renewcommand{\thesubquestion}{(\alph{subquestion})} \newcommand{\labelsubquestion}{(\alph{subquestion})} \renewcommand{\thesubsubquestion}{(\roman{subsubquestion})} \newcommand{\labelsubsubquestion}{(\roman{subsubquestion})} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{examexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{examexpected} counter.} % The |examexpected| counter stores the total expected number of marks for the % examination, and defaults to 100: % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{examexpected} \setcounter{examexpected}{100} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \begin{macro}{examoutof} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{examoutof} macro.} % To specify that an examination is out of some number of marks other than % 100, use the \cs{examoutof} macro to set the value: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\examoutof}[1]{\setcounter{examexpected}{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{sectexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS New \cs{sectexpected} counter.} % \begin{macro}{qexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \cs{qexpected} counter.} % \begin{macro}{subqexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subqexpected} counter.} % \begin{macro}{subsubqexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subsubqexpected} counter.} % The next four counters perform the same function as the |examexpected| counter % for sections, questions, sub-questions and sub-sub-questions respectively. No % macros are required to set these values as they are set automatically by the % question-building environments. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{sectexpected} \newcounter{qexpected} \newcounter{subqexpected} \newcounter{subsubqexpected} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{lastexpected} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{lastexpected} counter.} % The |lastexpected| counter records the expected marks total for the last % question. This will eventually be used to verify that the marks total for a % marking schedule equals the marks total for the corresponding question, but % this hasn't been implemented yet. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{lastexpected} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{examrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{examrunning} counter.} % \begin{macro}{sectrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS New \texttt{sectrunning} counter.} % \begin{macro}{qrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{qrunning} counter.} % \begin{macro}{subqrunning} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{subqrunning} counter.} % These four counters keep track of the running total of marks for the % current examination, section, question and subquestion respectively. This % is later compared against the corresponding expected total. A running total % is not needed for sub-sub-questions because they do not have sub-parts. The % |qrunning| and |subqrunning| counters are reset when the associated % question counters are incremented. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{examrunning} \setcounter{examrunning}{0} \newcounter{sectrunning} \newcounter{qrunning}[question] \newcounter{subqrunning}[subquestion] % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{hassubs} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{hassubs} counter.} % \begin{macro}{hassubsubs} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS New \texttt{hassubsubs} counter.} % These two counters are used to track whether questions and % sub-questions have sub-parts. Counters are used rather than booleans because % counters are set globally and booleans are not (or at least do not appear to % be). Both counters reset when the associated question counters are % incremented. % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{hassubs}[question] \newcounter{hassubsubs}[subquestion] % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % At the end of the document, check that the running total of marks for the % examination matches what we were expecting: % % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \ifnum\theexamexpected=\theexamrunning \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual number of marks for exam % (\theexamrunning) does not match expected number of marks % (\theexamexpected)} \fi } % \end{macrocode} % % \begin{macro}{xsection} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/29}{NJS New \texttt{xsection} counter.} % Finally, we set up a counter for the section ``number'' and define it so % that it prints out as an upper case letter rather than a number. We could % just redefine the |section| counter, but that interferes with the section % numbering in the documentation, and we can't have that, can we? |:)| % % \begin{macrocode} \newcounter{xsection} \setcounter{xsection}{0} \renewcommand{\thexsection}{\Alph{xsection}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Question-building environments and associated items} % % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS \textsf{question} environment no longer a % redefinition of \textsf{enumerate}.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS Added penalty handling to ensure correct % placement of marks in output.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/15}{NJS Total marks for a question are now printed only % if the question has no sub-questions.} % \begin{environment}{question} % The \textsf{question} environment specifies a top-level question, and produces % questions numbered in the form ``1.'', ``2.'', etc. It has one mandatory % argument, the number of marks allocated to the question, which is used to % initialise the |qexpected| counter\footnote{If it were not for the fact that % you can only refer to environment arguments in the environment preamble, the % \texttt{qexpected} counter would be unnecessary.}. If the argument is left % empty, default to zero for the number of marks: % % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{question}[1]{% \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{qexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{qexpected}{#1}\fi % \end{macrocode} % % For each top-level question, we increment the |question| counter, which also % resets the |hassubs| and |qrunning| counters to zero: % \begin{macrocode} \refstepcounter{question} % \end{macrocode} % The question itself is built using a single-item \textsf{list} environment. % \begin{macrocode} \begin{list}{\labelquestion}{} \item % \end{macrocode} % % When the environment closes, the following things happen: % \begin{enumerate} % \item If the question has no sub-questions, the value of the |qexpected| % counter is added to |examrunning| and |sectrunning|, and both |qrunning| % and |lastexpected| are set to the value of |qexpected|. % % \begin{macrocode} }{% \ifnum\thehassubs=0 \addtocounter{examrunning}{\value{qexpected}} \addtocounter{sectrunning}{\value{qexpected}} \setcounter{qrunning}{\value{qexpected}} % \end{macrocode} % % The total number of marks for the question is then printed right-justified % on the line as ``(\emph{m} marks)'' where \emph{m} is the value of the % |qrunning| counter. The environment determines whether to print ``mark'' or % ``marks'' automatically, and figures out whether the number of marks will fit % on the last line of the question or needs to be placed on the next line. % The code for handling the line breaking is derived from an example on page % 106 of \emph{The \TeX{}book}: % % \begin{macrocode} \unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip2em\hbox{}\nobreak \hfil(\theqrunning~\ifnum\theqrunning=1 mark\else marks\fi) \parfillskip=0pt \finalhyphendemerits=0 \par % \end{macrocode} % % \item If the question \emph{does} have sub-questions, then |qrunning|, % |examrunning| and |sectrunning| have already been set by the various % sub-environments. The value of |qrunning| is then compared with % |qexpected|, and a warning is raised if they do not match. The total number % of marks for the question is \emph{not} printed in this case. % % \begin{macrocode} \else \ifnum\theqrunning=\theqexpected \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual mark (\theqrunning) for % question \thequestion\space doesn't match expected mark % (\theqexpected)} \fi \fi % \end{macrocode} % % \item |lastexpected| is set to the value of |qexpected| so it can be used % in any subsequent \textsf{marking} environment. % % \begin{macrocode} \setcounter{lastexpected}{\value{qexpected}} \end{list} } % \end{macrocode} % % \end{enumerate} % \end{environment} % % \begin{environment}{subquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS \textsf{subquestion} environment no longer a % redefinition of \textsf{enumerate}.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/13}{NJS Added penalty handling to ensure correct placement % of marks in output.} % The \textsf{subquestion} environment is the analogue of \textsf{question} for % sub-questions. On initialisation, it sets |subqexpected| to the value of the % mandatory argument (defaulting to zero if the argument is empty), increments % the |hassubs| counter so that the enclosing \textsf{question} environment can % react appropriately, increments |subquestion| (thus resetting |hassubsubs| and % |subqrunning| to zero) and opens a single-item list with numbering of the form % ``(a)'', ``(b)'', etc. % % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{subquestion}[1]{% \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{subqexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{subqexpected}{#1}\fi \setcounter{subqexpected}{#1} \addtocounter{hassubs}{1} \refstepcounter{subquestion} \begin{list}{\labelsubquestion}{} \item }{% % \end{macrocode} % % When the environment closes, if performs similar checks to the % \textsf{question} environment. If the sub-question has no sub-sub-questions, % the value of |subqexpected| is added to |qrunning| and |sectrunning|: % % \begin{macrocode} \ifnum\thehassubsubs=0 \addtocounter{examrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} \addtocounter{sectrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} \addtocounter{qrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} \setcounter{subqrunning}{\value{subqexpected}} % \end{macrocode} % Then the number of marks for the sub-question are typeset in a similar manner % to the \textsf{question} environment: % \begin{macrocode} \unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip2em\hbox{}\nobreak \hfil(\thesubqrunning~\ifnum\thesubqrunning=1 mark\else marks\fi) \parfillskip=0pt \finalhyphendemerits=0 \par % \end{macrocode} % % If the sub-question \emph{does} have sub-sub-questions, check the running total % against the expected number and raise an error if they don't match. % \begin{macrocode} \else \ifnum\thesubqrunning=\thesubqexpected \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual mark (\thesubqrunning) for % question \thesubquestion\space doesn't match expected mark % (\thesubqexpected)} \fi \fi % \end{macrocode} % Finally, set |lastexpected| to the value of |qexpected| so it can be used % in any subsequent \textsf{marking} environment. % \begin{macrocode} \setcounter{lastexpected}{\value{subqexpected}} \end{list} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{environment} % % \begin{environment}{subsubquestion} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS \textsf{subsubquestion} environment no longer a % redefinition of \textsf{enumerate}.} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/13}{NJS Added penalty handling to ensure correct placement % of marks in output.} % This is similar to both \textsf{question} and \textsf{subquestion}, and % generates an appropriately numbered sub-sub-question (``(i)'', ``(ii)'', etc.). % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{subsubquestion}[1]{% \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{subsubqexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{subsubqexpected}{#1}\fi % \end{macrocode} % Increment |hassubsubs| so that the enclosing \textsf{subquestion} environment % can react appropriately: % \begin{macrocode} \addtocounter{hassubsubs}{1} \refstepcounter{subsubquestion} \begin{list}{\labelsubsubquestion}{} \item }{% % \end{macrocode} % % Closing this environment is a bit simpler than the previous two because we % don't need to check whether the sub-sub-question has any sub-components (this % never happens). All we have to do is set the appropriate counters and typeset % the number of marks. % % \begin{macrocode} \addtocounter{examrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \addtocounter{sectrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \addtocounter{qrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \addtocounter{subqrunning}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \setcounter{lastexpected}{\value{subsubqexpected}} \unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip2em\hbox{}\nobreak \hfil(\thesubsubqexpected~\ifnum\thesubsubqexpected=1 mark \else marks\fi) \parfillskip=0pt \finalhyphendemerits=0 \par \end{list} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{environment} % % Note that none of these three environments check whether they are correctly % nested (i.e., \textsf{subsubquestion} within \textsf{subquestion} within % \textsf{question}). % % % \subsection{Draft examination printing} % % \begin{macro}{\@marking} % \changes{2.0}{2001/05/17}{NJS New \cs{@draft} macro.} % Specifying the \textsf{draft} option causes \textsf{ouexam} to print % \fbox{DRAFT} in large letters in the header of every page. This is drawn by % the \cs{@draft} macro, which is included in the page header definition of % all the page styles for this class (see % \hyperref[pagestyles]{section~\ref*{pagestyles}}). \textbf{Note:} Because % the \cs{@draft} macro is included in the page header, it will usually % overflow the page boundaries, causing ``|Overfull \vbox|'' warnings. Note % the extra set of braces to limit the scope of the \cs{Huge}. % % \begin{macrocode} \if@draft\def\@draft{{\Huge\fbox{DRAFT}}} \else\let\@draft\@empty \fi % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Marking schedule information} % % \begin{environment}{marking} % \begin{macro}{\@markingschedule} % \changes{1.2}{1999/10/26}{NJS New \textsf{marking} environment for including % answers and/or marking schedule information.} % \changes{2.0}{2000/09/11}{NJS Now prints ``MARKING SCHEDULE'' at the bottom % of every page if the \textsf{markingschedule} class option is specified.} % The \textsf{marking} environment allows the specification of marking % schedule information in the same location as the questions. If the % \textsf{markingschedule} class option is specified, marking schedule % information is printed in italics. In addition, \fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE} is % printed in large letters in the footer of every page. This is drawn by the % \cs{@markingschedule} macro, which is included in the page footer % definition of all the page styles for this class (see % \hyperref[pagestyles]{section~\ref*{pagestyles}}). Note the extra set of % braces to limit the scope of the \cs{Huge}. % % \begin{macrocode} \if@markingschedule \newenvironment{marking}{\itshape}{\normalfont} \def\@markingschedule{{\Huge\fbox{MARKING SCHEDULE}}} \else % \end{macrocode} % % Normally \textsf{marking} just maps to the \textsf{comment} environment from % Rainer Sch\"{o}pf's \textsf{verbatim} package, i.e., marking information is not % printed: % % \begin{macrocode} \let\marking\comment \let\endmarking\endcomment \let\@markingschedule\@empty \fi % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{environment} % % % \subsection{Section handling} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS new \textsf{examsection} environment.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS New \cs{@defsecinst} macro.} % \begin{environment}{examsection} % \begin{macro}{\@defsecinst} % The \textsf{examsection} environment specifies a major section of an % examination paper. Sections are sequentially numbered ``A'', ``B'', etc. The % environment has three arguments: % % \begin{enumerate} % \item The expected number of marks for the section. % % \item The instructions for this section. This defaults to ``ANSWER ALL % QUESTIONS.'' if left blank. To change the default text, redefine the % \cs{@defsecinst} macro. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@defsecinst{ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.} % \end{macrocode} % % \item A description of the contents of the section which may be left blank. % \end{enumerate} % % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{examsection}[3]{% % \end{macrocode} % Every section begins on a new page. % \begin{macrocode} \newpage % \end{macrocode} % If the argument for the number of marks is left empty, default to zero. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@nummarks{#1} \ifx\@nummarks\@empty\setcounter{sectexpected}{0} \else\setcounter{sectexpected}{#1}\fi \refstepcounter{xsection} \setcounter{sectrunning}{0} % \end{macrocode} % The section title is formatted as ``\textbf{\underline{Section A}}'', in % \cs{large} size. % \begin{macrocode} {\large\noindent\textbf{\underline{Section~\thexsection}}} \\[0.5\baselineskip] \def\@usersecinst{#2} \ifx\@usersecinst\@empty\@defsecinst\else\@usersecinst\fi\par \def\@usersectopic{#3} \ifx\@usersectopic\@empty\else\par\noindent\@usersectopic\fi \\ }{% % \end{macrocode} % % When the environment closes, the value of |sectrunning| is compared against % |sectexpected|, and a warning is raised if they do not match. The total number % marks for the section is printed in the form ``\textbf{[SECTION A TOTAL % \emph{m} MARKS]}'' where \emph{m} is the value of |sectrunning|. % % \begin{macrocode} \ifnum\thesectrunning=\thesectexpected \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{actual mark (\thesectrunning) for section % \thexsection\space doesn't match expected mark (\thesectexpected)} \fi \bigskip\hfill\textbf{[SECTION \thexsection\ TOTAL % \thesectrunning\ MARKS]} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{environment} % % \begin{macro}{\newsection} % \textbf{[DEPRECATED]} The \cs{newsection} macro generates a new examination % section, appropriately numbered. The optional argument contains instructions % for answering the questions in the new section, and defaults to ``ANSWER ALL % QUESTIONS''. This macro is included only for backwards compatibility with % previous versions. The \textsf{examsection} environment replaces this macro % and should be used in new documents. This macro will eventually be deleted. % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\newsection}[1][ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.]{% \ClassWarning{ouexam}{DEPRECATED: The \protect\newsection\space % macro is deprecated; use the examsection environment instead} % \end{macrocode} % Every section begins on a new page. % \begin{macrocode} \newpage \refstepcounter{xsection} % \end{macrocode} % The section title is formatted as ``\textbf{\underline{Section A}}'', in % \cs{large} size. Note that sections are ``numbered'' A, B, \ldots. % \begin{macrocode} {\large\noindent\textbf{\underline{Section~\thexsection}}} \\[0.5\baselineskip] #1 } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Title page generation} % % \begin{macro}{\examyear} % \begin{macro}{\@year} % The \cs{examyear} macro specifies the year in which the examination is being % held. It redefines the \cs{@year} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\examyear}[1]{\def\@year{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % This macro is required: % \begin{macrocode} \def\@year{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\examyear\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\department} % \begin{macro}{\@dept} % The \cs{department} macro specifies the name of the department, and is required. % It redefines the \cs{@dept} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\department}[1]{\def\@dept{#1}} \def\@dept{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\department\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\papernumber} % \begin{macro}{\@pnumber} % The \cs{papernumber} macro specifies the paper number, and is required. % It redefines the \cs{@pnumber} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\papernumber}[1]{\def\@pnumber{#1}} \def\@pnumber{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\papernumber\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\papertitle} % \begin{macro}{\@ptitle} % The \cs{papertitle} macro specifies the title of the paper, and is required. % It redefines the \cs{@ptitle} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\papertitle}[1]{\def\@ptitle{#1}} \def\@ptitle{% \ClassError{ouexam}{no \protect\papertitle\space was specified} } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\semester} % \begin{macro}{\@semester} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/14}{NJS Rewrote \cs{semester} to support summer school % and special exams.} % The \cs{semester} macro specifies which semester the examination is for. Legal % values for the argument are ``1'', ``2'', ``SS'' for summer school or ``SP'' for % a special examination---anything else is ignored. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@ONE{1} \def\@TWO{2} \def\@SS{SS} \def\@SP{SP} % \end{macrocode} % This macro redefines the \cs{@semester} macro which is used in % \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\semester}[1]{% \def\@sem{#1} \ifx\@sem\@ONE\def\@semester{Semester One} \else\ifx\@sem\@TWO\def\@semester{Semester Two} \else\ifx\@sem\@SS\def\@semester{Summer School} \else\ifx\@sem\@SP\def\@semester{Special Examination} \else\ClassWarning{ouexam}{invalid value `#1' for % \protect\semester\space; valid values are `1', `2', `SS' % and `SP'. No semester information will be printed} \fi\fi\fi\fi } % \end{macrocode} % \cs{semester} is optional---if you omit it or give it an invalid argument, % \cs{@semester} remains empty. % \begin{macrocode} \let\@semester\@empty % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\timeallowed} % \begin{macro}{\@hours} % The \cs{timeallowed} macro specifies the length of the examination in hours. % It redefines the \cs{@hours} macro which is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\timeallowed}[1]{\def\@hours{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \cs{timeallowed} is optional---if you omit it, \cs{@hours} defaults to ``3'': % \begin{macrocode} \def\@hours{3} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{num.pages} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Renamed label from \cs{page.last}.} % There is no macro to specify the number of pages in the examination because % it is done automatically by inserting a \cs{newlabel} that refers to the last % page directly into the |.aux| file: % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{num.pages}{{}{\thepage}}} } % \end{macrocode} % This label is then referenced in \cs{@maketitlepage}. % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{num.questions} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS New \cs{num.questions} label representing the % number of questions.} % Similarly, there is no macro to specify the number of questions in the % examination. This is calculated using the same method as for the number of % pages: % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \immediate\write\@auxout{% \string\newlabel{num.questions}{{}{\thequestion}} } } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\instructions} % \begin{macro}{\@instructions} % The \cs{instructions} macro specifies instructions on how candidates should % answer questions. It redefines the \cs{@instructions} macro that is used in % \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \def\@instructions{Answer \underline{ALL} questions.} % \end{macrocode} % \cs{instructions} is optional. If you omit it, \cs{@instructions} defaults % to ``Answer \underline{ALL} questions.'' % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\instructions}[1]{\def\@instructions{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\material} % \begin{macro}{\@material} % The \cs{material} macro lets specifies any additional material that candidates % are provided in addition to the examination paper itself, and is optional. % It redefines the \cs{@material} macro that is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \let\@material\@empty \newcommand{\material}[1]{\def\@material{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\allowcalculators} % \begin{macro}{\@calculators} % The \cs{allowcalculators} macro specifies whether or not calculators are % allowed in the examination. If \cs{allowcalculators} is omitted, \cs{@calculators} % defaults to ``may not'': % \begin{macrocode} \def\@calculators{may not} % \end{macrocode} % Issuing an \cs{allowcalculators} changes the redefines \cs{@calculators} to % ``may'': % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\allowcalculators}{\def\@calculators{may}} % \end{macrocode} % \cs{@calculators} is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}. % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\copiesof} % \begin{macro}{\@copiesof} % The \cs{copiesof} macro specifies any material that candidates are allowed to % bring into the examination, and is optional. It redefines the \cs{@copiesof} % macro that is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \let\@copiesof\@empty \newcommand{\copiesof}[1]{\def\@copiesof{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\otherinstructions} % \begin{macro}{\@otherinst} % The \cs{otherinstructions} macro specifies any other instructions not covered % by any of the above, and is optional. It redefines the \cs{@otherinst} % macro that is used in \cs{@maketitlepage}: % \begin{macrocode} \let\@otherinst\@empty \newcommand{\otherinstructions}[1]{\def\@otherinst{#1}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\maketitlepage} % The \cs{maketitlepage} macro is the \textsf{ouexam} analogue of \cs{maketitle}. % It takes all of the information provided by the above macros and generates a % properly formatted examination title page. If you want to design your own title % page styles, redefine \cs{@maketitlepage} (this is not normally recommended % however). % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\maketitlepage}{\@maketitlepage} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % \begin{macro}{\@maketitlepage} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Renamed macro from \cs{maketitlepage}.} % The \cs{@maketitlepage} macro generates an examination title page that % meets the Otago University requirements for final examination papers. You % can redefine this if you want to change the format, but normally you would % not do this. % \begin{macrocode} \def\@maketitlepage{% \thispagestyle{titlepage} % \end{macrocode} % The header information for the examination is printed centered at the top % of the page. The department, paper number and paper title (and the semester % information if required) are placed inside a double box. % \begin{macrocode} \begin{center} {\Large \textbf{UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO EXAMINATIONS \@year}} \\[\baselineskip] \fbox{\framebox[\linewidth]{% \begin{tabular}{c} \\ {\large \@dept} \\ \\ {\large Paper \@pnumber} \\ \\ {\large \@ptitle} \\ \ifx\@semester\@empty\else\@semester \\ \fi \\ \end{tabular}% }} \mbox{}\\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Next, the time allowed for completing the examination: % \begin{macrocode} \textbf{(TIME ALLOWED: \@hours\ HOURS)} \\[\baselineskip] \end{center} % \end{macrocode} % The number of pages is automatically calculated, as described earlier. All we % need to do is reference the |num.pages| label that we put into the |.aux| % file: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{This examination paper comprises \pageref{num.pages} pages.} \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out the instructions for answering questions: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Candidates should answer questions as follows:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@instructions\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out any provided material: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{The following material is provided:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@material\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out use of calculators section: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Use of calculators:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm} Electronic calculators \@calculators\ be used in this examination. \\[\baselineskip] Please note: where the use of calculators is permitted, these must be non-pro\-gram\-ma\-ble, hand-held calculators without alphabetic key pads. \end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] \mbox{}\hfill(Subject to inspection by the examiners.) \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out anything that candidates are allowed to bring: % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Candidates are permitted copies of:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@copiesof\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] \mbox{}\hfill(Subject to inspection by the examiners.) \\[\baselineskip] % \end{macrocode} % Print out other instructions, and finish. % \begin{macrocode} \underline{Other Instructions:} \\[\baselineskip] \hspace*{1cm}\begin{minipage}{13.5cm}\@otherinst\end{minipage} \\[\baselineskip] \newpage } % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % % % \subsection{Obsolete macros and environments} % % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS All \textsf{multichoice} macros and environments % made obsolete.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS \cs{markingschedule}, \cs{marks}, \cs{totalmarks} % macros made obsolete.} % \changes{2.0}{2002/01/09}{NJS \textsf{questions}, \textsf{subquestions}, % \textsf{subsubquestions} environments made obsolete.} % The following macros and environments are no longer supported as of version % 2.0. Documents that use these macros can be processed using ouexam v1.2 or % earlier. The obsolete multiple-choice examination support is dealt with % during option processing, so we can ignore the obsolete multiple-choice % macros. % % \begin{environment}{questions} % \begin{environment}{subquestions} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Now disabled when \textsf{multichoice} is % active.} % \begin{environment}{subsubquestions} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Now disabled when \textsf{multichoice} is % active.} % \begin{macro}{markingschedule} % \changes{1.2}{1999/10/26}{NJS New macro to turn marking information on and % off.} % The \textsf{questions}, \textsf{subquestions} and \textsf{subsubquestions} % environments have been replaced by the \textsf{question}, % \textsf{subquestion} and \textsf{subsubquestion} environments respectively. % \begin{macrocode} \newenvironment{questions}{% \def\item{\@unsupported{questions environment}}}{} \newenvironment{subquestions}{% \def\item{\@unsupported{subquestions environment}}}{} \newenvironment{subsubquestions}{% \def\item{\@unsupported{subsubquestions environment}}}{} % \end{macrocode} % The \cs{markingschedule} macro has been replaced by the % \textsf{markingschedule} class option. We can't map this to the % \cs{@unsupported} macro because \cs{markingschedule} occurs in the document % preamble. Mapping it to \cs{@unsupported} causes \TeX\ to blow up for some % reason. It's safe enough to ignore it. % \begin{macrocode} \let\markingschedule\@empty % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{environment} % \end{environment} % \end{environment} % % \begin{macro}{\marks} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS This macro now increments the \texttt{marks} % counter.} % \begin{macro}{\totalmarks} % \changes{1.1}{1999/04/20}{NJS Removed the parameter for the number of marks; % Both these macros have been replaced by automatic calculations within the % question-building environments.} % The \cs{marks} macro has been replaced by the argument to the various % question-building environments. The \cs{totalmarks} macro has been replaced % by automatic calculations within these environments. % \begin{macrocode} \newcommand{\marks}[1]{\@unsupported{marks macro}} \newcommand{\totalmarks}{\@unsupported{totalmarks macro}} % \end{macrocode} % \end{macro} % \end{macro} % % % % \Finale % % \PrintChanges
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