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<title>UTas ePrints - An integrated multi-scale 3D seismic model of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia</title>
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<meta content="The collection of a range of different seismic data types has greatly improved our understanding of the crustal architecture of Australia's Archaean Yilgarn Craton over the last few years. These seismic data include broadband seismic studies, seismic receiver functions, wide-angle recordings and mine-scale to deep seismic reflection transects. Each data set provides information on
the three-dimensional (3D) tectonic model of the Yilgarn Craton from the craton scale through to the mine scale. This paper demonstrates that the integration and rationalisation of these different seismic data sets into a multi-scale 3D geological/seismic model, that can be visualised at once in a single software package, and incorporating all available data sets, significantly enhances this understanding. This enhanced understanding occurred because the integrated 3D model allowed easy and accurate comparison of one result against another, and facilitated the integrated questioning and interrogation across scales and seismic method. As a result, there are feedback questions regarding understanding of the individual seismic data sets themselves, as well as the Yilgarn Craton as a whole.
The methodology used, including all the data sets in the model range, had to allow for the wide range of data sets, frequencies and seismic modes. At the craton scale, P-wave, S-wave and surface wave variations constrained the 3D lithospheric velocity model, revealing noticeable large-scale velocity variations within and across the craton. An interesting feature of the data, easily identified in 3D, is the presence of a fast S-wave velocity anomaly (>4.8 km s-1) within the upper mantle. This velocity anomaly
dips east and has a series of step-down offsets that coincide approximately with province and terrane boundaries of the Yilgarn Craton.
One-dimensional receiver function profiles show variations in their crustal velocity across the craton. These crustal velocity variations are consistent with the larger-scale geological subdivision of the craton, and provide characteristic profiles for provinces and terranes. The receiver function results and the deep seismic reflection data both agree on the depth to the Moho, and both
indicate an increase in Moho depth to the east. The 2D seismic refraction results in the south-west of the craton provide crustal thickness information, an indication of middle and lower crustal compositions, and information regarding the broad-scale architectural framework.
At the province- and terrane-scale, the deep seismic reflection data and the mine-scale seismic data provide geometric constraints on crustal architecture, in particular the orientation of the region's fault systems as well as variations in the thickness ofthe granite-greenstone succession. Integration of the results from wide-angle seismic refraction data coincident with the deep
seismic reflection data provided additional constraints on likely upper crustal lithologies.
The integrated 3D seismic model implies the dominant geodynamic process involved the development of an orogenic belt that developed with a series of contractional (folding and thrusting) events, separated by equally important extensional events. The seismic reflection data in particular suggests that extensional movement on many shear zones was more common than previously thought.
The seismic reflection data suggest that the dominant mineral systems involved deeply sourced fluid flowing up crustalpenetrating shear zones. These deeply sourced fluids were further focussed into sites located above fault-breached domal regions in the upper crust." name="eprints.abstract" />
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<meta content="Barley, M.E., Brown, S.J.A., Cas, R.A.F., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Gardoll, S.J., Krape, B., 2003. An integrated geological and metallogenic framework for the eastern Yilgarn Craton: Developing geodynamic models of highly mineralised Archaean granite-greenstone terranes. AMIRA Project P624, Final Report.
Beeson, J., Neilson, I.E., Standing, J.G., Willson, M.J., Coward, M.P.,2004. Towards a 3-dimensional common earth model for the Laverton Greenstone Belt, Western Australia. Continental Tectonics:Discussion meeting in memory of the life and work of Mike Coward, Conference proceedings. Special Publication of the Geological Society. Unpublished.
Blewett, R.S., 2005. The 5Q's synthesis and predictive mineral discovery. In: Blewett, R.S., Hitchman, A.P. (Eds.). Final report-3D Geological Models of the Eastern Yilgarn Craton. Predictive Mineral Discovery Cooperative Research Centre, Unpublished Report.
Blewett, R.S., Champion, D.C., Cassidy, K.F., Goleby, B.R., Bell, B.,Groenewald, P.B., Nicoll, M., Whitaker, A., 2003. Implications of the northeastern Yilgarn Seismic to Leonora-Laverton 3D map. In: Goleby, B.R., Blewett, R.S., Groenewald, P.B., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Jones, L.E.A., Korsch, R.J., Shevchenko, S., Apak, S.N. (Eds.), The 2001 Northeastern Yilgarn Deep Seismic Reflection Survey, Geoscience. Australia, Record 2003/28,
pp. 127-143.
Blewett, R.S., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Henson, P.A., Goleby, B.R., Jones, L., Groenewald, P.B., 2004a. The Wangkathaa Orogeny: an example of episodic regional D2 in the late Archaean Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia. Precambrian Research 130, 139-159.
Blewett, R.S., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Henson, P.A.,
Goleby, B.R., Kalinowski, A.A., 2004b. An orogenic surge
model for the eastern Yilgarn Craton: implications for gold
mineralising systems. In: Muhling, J., et al. (Ed.), SEG 2004,Predictive Mineral Discovery Under Cover, vol. 33. Centre for Global Metallogeny, The University of Western Australia,Publication, pp. 321-324.
Campbell, I.H., Hill, R.I., 1988. A two-stage model for the formation of the granite-greenstone terrains of the Kalgoorlie-Norseman area, Western Australia. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 90, 11-25.
Champion, D.C., 1997. Granitoids in the Eastern Goldfields. In: Cassidy, K.F., Whitaker, A.J., Lui, S.F. (Eds.), Kalgoorlie '97. An International Conference on Crustal Evolution, Metallogeny and Exploration of the Yilgarn Craton-An Update. Australian Geological Survey Organisation, Record 1997/41, pp. 71-76.
Champion, D.C., Sheraton, J.W., 1997. Geochemistry and Nd isotope systematics of Archaean granites of the Eastern Goldfields, Yilgarn Craton, Australia; implications for crustal growth processes. Precambrian Research 83, 109-132.
Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., 2004. Crustal evolution of the Yilgarn Craton from Nd isotopes and granite geochronology: implications for metallogeny. In: Muhling, J., et al. (Ed.), SEG 2004, Predictive Mineral Discovery Under Cover. Centre for Global Metallogeny, vol. 33. The University of Western Australia, Publication,
pp. 317-320.
Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., McNaughton, N.J., Fletcher, I.R., Whitaker, A.J., Bastrakova, I.V., Budd, A.R., 2002. Characterisation and metallogenic significance of Archaean granitoids of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. Minerals and Energy Research Institute of Western Australia, Report, vol. 222. 514 pp.
Cassidy, K.F., Blewett, R.S., Champion, D.C., Goleby, B.R., 2003. Northeastern Yilgarn Seismic Reflection Survey: implications for orogenic Au systems. In: Goleby, B.R., Blewett, R.S., Groenewald, P.B., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Jones, L.E.A., Korsch, R.J., Shevchenko, S., Apak, S.N. (Eds.), The 2001 Northeastern Yilgarn Deep Seismic Reflection Survey, Geoscience. Australia, Record 2003/28, pp. 127-143.
Dentith, M.C., Dent, V.F., Drummond, B.J., 2000. Deep crustal structure in the southwestern Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. Tectonophysics 325, 227-255.
Drummond, B.J., 1998. A review of crust/upper mantle structure in the Precambrian areas of Australia and implications for Precambrian crustal evolution. Precambrian Research 40/41, 101-116.
Drummond, B.J., Goleby, B.R., Swager, C.P., Williams, P.R., 1993. Constraints on Archaean crustal composition and structure provided by deep seismic sounding in the Yilgarn Block. Ore Geology Reviews 8, 117-124.
Drummond, B.J., Goleby, B.R., Swager, C.P., 2000. Crustal signature of Late Archaean tectonic episodes in the Yilgarn craton, Western Australia: evidence from deep seismic sounding. Tectonophysics 329, 193-221.
Fishwick, S., Kennett, B.L.N., Reading, A.M., 2005. Contrasts in lithospheric structure within the Australian craton-insights from surface wave tomography. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 231, 163-176.
Fomin, T., Goleby, B.R., 2005. Lessons from combined interpretations of wide-angle and conventional reflection data in the northeastern Yilgarn, Western Australia. Tectonophysics, this volume.
Fomin, T., Crawford, A., Johnstone, D., 2003. Awide-angle reflection experiment with Vibroseis sources as part of a multidisciplinary seismic study of the Leonora-Laverton Tectonic Zone, Northeastern Yilgarn Craton. Exploration Geophysics 34, 147-150.
Fomin, T., Goleby, B.R., Nicoll, M., 2004. Some lessons from
combined interpretations of wide-angle and conventional reflection data in the northern Yilgarn, Western Australia. 11th International Symposium on Deep Seismic profiling of the Continents and their Margins, Programme and Abstracts. Centre des congres, Mount-Tremblant, Quebec.
Goleby, B.R., Drummond, B.J., 2000. The 1991 Deep seismic survey, Eastern Goldfields, W.A. In: Goleby, B.R., Bell, B., Korsch, R.J., Sorjonen-Ward, P., Groenewald, P.B., Wyche, S., Bateman, R., Fomin, T., Witt, W., Walshe, J., Drummond, B.J., Owen, A.J.(Eds.), Crustal Structure and Fluid Flow in the Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia. Australian Geological Survey Organisation,
Record 2000/34, pp. 46-52.
Goleby, B.R., Rattenbury, M.S., Swager, C.P., Drummond, B.J., Williams, P.R., Sheraton, J.W., Heinrich, C.A., 1993. Archaean crustal structure from seismic reflection profiling, Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia. Australian Geological Survey Organisation, Record, 1993/15.
Goleby, B.R., Bell, B., Korsch, R.J., Sorjonen-Ward, P., Groenewald, P.B., Wyche, S., Bateman, R., Fomin, T., Witt, W., Walshe, J., Drummond, B.J., Owen, A.J., 2000. Crustal
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Goleby, B.R., Korsch, R.J., Fomin, T., Bell, B., Nicoll, M.G., Drummond, B.J., Owen, A.J., 2002. Preliminary 3-D geological model of the Kalgoorlie region, Yilgarn Craton,Western Australia, based on deep seismic-reflection and potential-field data. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 49, 917-933.
Goleby, B.R., Blewett, R.S., Groenewald, P.B., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Korsch, R.J., Whitaker, A., Jones, L.E.A., Bell, B., Carlson, G., 2003. Seismic interpretation of the northeastern Yilgarn Craton seismic data. In: Goleby, B.R., Blewett, R.S., Groenewald, P.B., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Jones, L.E.A., Korsch, R.J., Shevchenko, S., Apak, S.N. (Eds.), The 2001
Northeastern Yilgarn Deep Seismic Reflection Survey. Geoscience Australia, Record 2003/28. 143 pp.
Goleby, B.R., Blewett, R.S., Korsch, R.J., Champion, D.C., Cassidy, K.F., Jones, L.E.A., Groenewald, P.B., Henson, P., 2004. Deep seismic reflection profiling in the Archaean northeastern Yilgarn Craton,Western Australia: implications for crustal architecture and mineral potential. Tectonophysics 388, 119-133.
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Drummond, B.J., Korsch, R.J., Brennan, T., Nicoll, M., 2005.
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Hill, R.I., Chappell, B.W., Campbell, I.H., 1992. Late Archaean granites of the southeastern Yilgarn block, Western Australia: age, geochemistry and origin. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Earth Sciences 83, 211-226.
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Myers, J.S., 1995. The generation and assembly of an Archaean supercontinent-evidence from the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. In: Coward, M.P., Ries, A.C. (Eds.), Early Precambrian Processes. Geological Society London, Special Publication, vol. 95, pp. 143-154.
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and Extension Service, University of Western Australia, Publication, pp. 107-122.
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van derVelden, A.J., Cook, F.A., Drummond, B.J., Goleby, B.R., 2006. Reflections of the Neoarchean: a global perspective. In: Benn, K., Mareschal, J.-C., Condie, K. (Eds.), Archean Geodynamics and Environments. Geophysical Monograph Series, vol. 164." name="eprints.referencetext" />
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<meta content="The collection of a range of different seismic data types has greatly improved our understanding of the crustal architecture of Australia's Archaean Yilgarn Craton over the last few years. These seismic data include broadband seismic studies, seismic receiver functions, wide-angle recordings and mine-scale to deep seismic reflection transects. Each data set provides information on
the three-dimensional (3D) tectonic model of the Yilgarn Craton from the craton scale through to the mine scale. This paper demonstrates that the integration and rationalisation of these different seismic data sets into a multi-scale 3D geological/seismic model, that can be visualised at once in a single software package, and incorporating all available data sets, significantly enhances this understanding. This enhanced understanding occurred because the integrated 3D model allowed easy and accurate comparison of one result against another, and facilitated the integrated questioning and interrogation across scales and seismic method. As a result, there are feedback questions regarding understanding of the individual seismic data sets themselves, as well as the Yilgarn Craton as a whole.
The methodology used, including all the data sets in the model range, had to allow for the wide range of data sets, frequencies and seismic modes. At the craton scale, P-wave, S-wave and surface wave variations constrained the 3D lithospheric velocity model, revealing noticeable large-scale velocity variations within and across the craton. An interesting feature of the data, easily identified in 3D, is the presence of a fast S-wave velocity anomaly (>4.8 km s-1) within the upper mantle. This velocity anomaly
dips east and has a series of step-down offsets that coincide approximately with province and terrane boundaries of the Yilgarn Craton.
One-dimensional receiver function profiles show variations in their crustal velocity across the craton. These crustal velocity variations are consistent with the larger-scale geological subdivision of the craton, and provide characteristic profiles for provinces and terranes. The receiver function results and the deep seismic reflection data both agree on the depth to the Moho, and both
indicate an increase in Moho depth to the east. The 2D seismic refraction results in the south-west of the craton provide crustal thickness information, an indication of middle and lower crustal compositions, and information regarding the broad-scale architectural framework.
At the province- and terrane-scale, the deep seismic reflection data and the mine-scale seismic data provide geometric constraints on crustal architecture, in particular the orientation of the region's fault systems as well as variations in the thickness ofthe granite-greenstone succession. Integration of the results from wide-angle seismic refraction data coincident with the deep
seismic reflection data provided additional constraints on likely upper crustal lithologies.
The integrated 3D seismic model implies the dominant geodynamic process involved the development of an orogenic belt that developed with a series of contractional (folding and thrusting) events, separated by equally important extensional events. The seismic reflection data in particular suggests that extensional movement on many shear zones was more common than previously thought.
The seismic reflection data suggest that the dominant mineral systems involved deeply sourced fluid flowing up crustalpenetrating shear zones. These deeply sourced fluids were further focussed into sites located above fault-breached domal regions in the upper crust." name="DC.description" />
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<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">An integrated multi-scale 3D seismic model of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Goleby, B.</span> and <span class="person_name">Blewett, R.S.</span> and <span class="person_name">Fomin, T.</span> and <span class="person_name">Fishwick, S.</span> and <span class="person_name">Reading, A.M.</span> and <span class="person_name">Henson, P.A.</span> and <span class="person_name">Kennett, B.L.N.</span> and <span class="person_name">Champion, D.C.</span> and <span class="person_name">Jones, L.</span> and <span class="person_name">Drummond, B.J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Nicoll, M.</span> (2006) <xhtml:em>An integrated multi-scale 3D seismic model of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia.</xhtml:em> Tectonophysics, 420 (1-2). pp. 75-90. ISSN 0040-1951</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1604/1/Goleby_Reading_et_al_2006.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" border="0" class="ep_doc_icon" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1604/1/Goleby_Reading_et_al_2006.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />1123Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input value="2068" name="docid" accept-charset="utf-8" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.01.028">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.01.028</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">The collection of a range of different seismic data types has greatly improved our understanding of the crustal architecture of Australia's Archaean Yilgarn Craton over the last few years. These seismic data include broadband seismic studies, seismic receiver functions, wide-angle recordings and mine-scale to deep seismic reflection transects. Each data set provides information on
the three-dimensional (3D) tectonic model of the Yilgarn Craton from the craton scale through to the mine scale. This paper demonstrates that the integration and rationalisation of these different seismic data sets into a multi-scale 3D geological/seismic model, that can be visualised at once in a single software package, and incorporating all available data sets, significantly enhances this understanding. This enhanced understanding occurred because the integrated 3D model allowed easy and accurate comparison of one result against another, and facilitated the integrated questioning and interrogation across scales and seismic method. As a result, there are feedback questions regarding understanding of the individual seismic data sets themselves, as well as the Yilgarn Craton as a whole.
The methodology used, including all the data sets in the model range, had to allow for the wide range of data sets, frequencies and seismic modes. At the craton scale, P-wave, S-wave and surface wave variations constrained the 3D lithospheric velocity model, revealing noticeable large-scale velocity variations within and across the craton. An interesting feature of the data, easily identified in 3D, is the presence of a fast S-wave velocity anomaly (>4.8 km s-1) within the upper mantle. This velocity anomaly
dips east and has a series of step-down offsets that coincide approximately with province and terrane boundaries of the Yilgarn Craton.
One-dimensional receiver function profiles show variations in their crustal velocity across the craton. These crustal velocity variations are consistent with the larger-scale geological subdivision of the craton, and provide characteristic profiles for provinces and terranes. The receiver function results and the deep seismic reflection data both agree on the depth to the Moho, and both
indicate an increase in Moho depth to the east. The 2D seismic refraction results in the south-west of the craton provide crustal thickness information, an indication of middle and lower crustal compositions, and information regarding the broad-scale architectural framework.
At the province- and terrane-scale, the deep seismic reflection data and the mine-scale seismic data provide geometric constraints on crustal architecture, in particular the orientation of the region's fault systems as well as variations in the thickness ofthe granite-greenstone succession. Integration of the results from wide-angle seismic refraction data coincident with the deep
seismic reflection data provided additional constraints on likely upper crustal lithologies.
The integrated 3D seismic model implies the dominant geodynamic process involved the development of an orogenic belt that developed with a series of contractional (folding and thrusting) events, separated by equally important extensional events. The seismic reflection data in particular suggests that extensional movement on many shear zones was more common than previously thought.
The seismic reflection data suggest that the dominant mineral systems involved deeply sourced fluid flowing up crustalpenetrating shear zones. These deeply sourced fluids were further focussed into sites located above fault-breached domal regions in the upper crust.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" border="0" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">3D seismic model; Seismic reflection studies; Tomography data; Receiver function data; Yilgarn Craton; Crustal architecture; Archaean</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260200.html">260000 Earth Sciences > 260200 Geophysics</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260100.html">260000 Earth Sciences > 260100 Geology</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Collections:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">UNSPECIFIED</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1604</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mrs Katrina Keep</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">15 Aug 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">30 Jan 2008 15:29</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1604;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1604">item control page</a></p>
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