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  5. <title>UTas ePrints - Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1</title>
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  13. <meta content="Vincent, A.J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="West, A.K." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  15. <meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn" name="eprints.creators_name" />
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  23. <meta content="Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1" name="eprints.title" />
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  25. <meta content="270000" name="eprints.subjects" />
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  27. <meta content="transplantation; neurotrophin; regeneration; RhoA; myelin; glial" name="eprints.keywords" />
  28. <meta content="see individual journal copyright transfer agreements" name="eprints.note" />
  29. <meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) are a promising tool for the repair of
  30. injury in the adult central nervous system. However, important aspects of the cell
  31. biology of ECs remain unclear, such as whether ECs exist as a single population or as
  32. two subpopulations with Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The morphologies
  33. of these subpopulations are used as defining characteristics, yet ECs are
  34. known to be morphologically plastic. To elucidate this apparent inconsistency, we
  35. investigated the morphological plasticity of ECs in culture. We defined purified ECs as
  36. immunopositive for both p75 neurotrophin receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In
  37. MEM D-valine modification 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum, 87%–90% of ECs displayed
  38. a flat morphology. In three different serum-free media (N2 medium, neurobasal medium
  39. B27 supplement, and DMEM/F-12 medium G5 supplement), 78%–84% of ECs
  40. displayed process-bearing morphology. Ensheathing cells switched reversibly between
  41. these morphologies within a day of the serum conditions being changed. Exposure to 1
  42. nM endothelin-1 in serum-free medium prevented the switch from flat to processbearing
  43. morphology, while 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP accelerated this change. The effects of
  44. both agents were completely reversible and similar to that reported for astrocytes. Both
  45. flat and process-bearing ECs were immunopositive for brain-derived neurotrophic factor,
  46. nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and TrkB but not TrkA. Together, these results
  47. suggest that ECs exist as a single morphologically plastic population." name="eprints.abstract" />
  48. <meta content="2003" name="eprints.date" />
  49. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  50. <meta content="Glia" name="eprints.publication" />
  51. <meta content="41" name="eprints.volume" />
  52. <meta content="393-403" name="eprints.pagerange" />
  53. <meta content="10.1002/glia.10171" name="eprints.id_number" />
  54. <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
  55. <meta content="0894-1491" name="eprints.issn" />
  56. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.10171" name="eprints.official_url" />
  57. <meta content="Alexander CL, Fitzgerald UF, Barnett SC. 2002. Identification of
  58. growth factors that promote long-term proliferation of olfactory
  59. ensheathing cells and modulate their antigenic phenotype. Glia
  60. 37:349–364.
  61. Au WW, Treloar HB, Greer CA. 2002. Sublaminar organization of the
  62. mouse olfactory bulb nerve layer. J Comp Neurol 446:68–80.
  63. Barnett SC, Alexander CL, Iwashita Y, Gilson JM, Crowther J, Clark
  64. L, Dunn LT, Papanastassiou V, Kennedy PGE, Franklin RJM.
  65. 2000. Identification of a human olfactory ensheathing cell that can
  66. effect transplant-mediated remyelination of demyelinated CNS axons.
  67. Brain 123:1581–1588.
  68. Barber PC, Lindsay RM. 1982. Schwann cells of the olfactory nerves
  69. contain glial fibrillary acidic protein and resemble astrocytes. Neuroscience
  70. 7:3077–3090.
  71. Bignami A, Eng LF, Dahl D, Uyeda CT. 1972. Localisation of the glial
  72. fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes by immunofluorescence. Brain
  73. Res 43:429–435.
  74. Bottenstein JE, Sato GH. 1979. Growth of a rat neuroblastoma cell
  75. line in serum-free supplemented medium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
  76. 76:514–517.
  77. Chuah MI, Au C. 1993. Cultures of ensheathing cells from neonatal
  78. rat olfactory bulbs. Brain Res 601:213–220.
  79. Chuah MI, Teague R. 1999. Basic fibroblast growth factor in the
  80. primary olfactory pathway: mitogenic effect on ensheathing cells.
  81. Neuroscience 88:1043–1050.
  82. Chuah MI, West AK. 2002. Cellular and molecular biology of ensheathing
  83. cells. Microsc Res Tech 58:216–227.
  84. Devon R, Doucette R. 1992. Olfactory ensheathing cells myelinate
  85. dorsal root ganglion neurites. Brain Res 589:175–179.
  86. Doucette R. 1989. Development of the nerve fiber layer in the olfactory
  87. bulb of mouse embryos. J Comp Neurol 285:514–527.
  88. Doucette R. 1990. Glial influences on axonal outgrowth in the primary
  89. olfactory system. Glia 3:433–449.
  90. Doucette R. 1993. Glial cells in the nerve fiber layer of the main
  91. olfactory bulb of embryonic and adult mammals. Mic Res Tech
  92. 24:113–130.
  93. Franceschini IA, Barnett SC. 1996. Low-affinity NGF-receptor and
  94. E-N-CAM expression define two types of olfactory nerve ensheathing
  95. cells that share a common lineage. Devl Biol 173:327–343.
  96. Franklin RJ, Gilson JM, Franceschini IA, Barnett SC. 1996. Schwann
  97. cell-like myelination following transplantation of an olfactory bulbensheathing
  98. cell line into areas of demyelination in the adult CNS.
  99. Glia 17:217–224.
  100. Goldman JE, Abramson B. 1990. Cyclic AMP-induced shape changes
  101. of astrocytes are accompanied by rapid depolymerization of actin.
  102. Brain Res 528:189–196.
  103. Graziadei PP, Monti Graziadei GA. 1980. Neurogenesis and neuron
  104. regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals: III, deafferentation
  105. and reinnervation of the olfactory bulb following section of the
  106. fila olfactoria in rat. J Neurocytol 9:145–162.
  107. Gudin˜ o-Cabrera G, Nieto-Sampedro M. 1996. Ensheathing cells: large
  108. scale purification from adult olfactory bulb, freeze-preservation and
  109. migration of transplanted cells in adult brain. Rest Neurol Neurosci
  110. 10:25–34.
  111. Hall A. 1998. Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Science 279:
  112. 509–514.
  113. Hama H, Sakurai T, Kasuya Y, Fujiki M, Masaki T, Goto K. 1992.
  114. Action of endothelin-1 on rat astrocytes through the ETB receptor.
  115. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 186:355–362.
  116. Ho MC, Lo AC, Kurihara H, Yu ACH, Chung SS, Chung SK. 2001.
  117. Endothelin-1 protects astrocytes from hypoxic/ischemic injury.
  118. FASEB J 15:618–626.
  119. Imaizumi T, Lankford KL, Waxman SG, Greer CA, Kocsis JD. 1998.
  120. Transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells remyelinate and enhance
  121. axonal conduction in the demyelinated dorsal columns of the rat
  122. spinal cord. J Neurosci 18:6176–6185.
  123. Imaizumi T, Lankford KL, Kocsis JD. 2000. Transplantation of olfactory
  124. ensheathing cells or Schwann cells restores rapid and secure
  125. conduction across the transected spinal cord. Brain Res 854:70–78.
  126. Kato T, Honmou O, Uede T, Hashi K, Kocsis JD. 2000. Transplantation
  127. of human olfactory ensheathing cells elicits remyelination of
  128. demyelinated rat spinal cord. Glia 30:209–218.
  129. Koyama Y, Ishibashi T, Hayata K, Baba A. 1993. Endothelins modulate
  130. dibutyryl cAMP-induced stellation of cultured astrocytes. Brain
  131. Res 600:81–88.
  132. Koyama Y, Baba A. 1994. Endothelins are extracellular signals modulating
  133. cytoskeletal actin organization in rat cultured astrocytes.
  134. Neuroscience 61:1007–1016.
  135. Li Y, Field PM, Raisman G. 1998. Regeneration of adult rat corticospinal
  136. axons induced by transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells.
  137. J Neurosci 18:10514–10524.
  138. Lu J, Ashwell K. 2002. Olfactory ensheathing cells: their potential use
  139. for repairing the injured spinal cord. Spine 27:887–892.
  140. Lu J, Fe´ron F, Mackay-Sim A, Waite PM. 2002. Olfactory ensheathing
  141. cells promote locomotor recovery after delayed transplantation into
  142. transected spinal cord. Brain 125:14–21.
  143. Moonen G, Cam Y, Sensenbrenner M, Mandel P. 1975. Variability of
  144. the effects of serum-free medium, dibutyryl-cyclic AMP or theophylline
  145. on the morphology of cultured new-born rat astroblasts. Cell
  146. Tiss Res 163:365–372.
  147. Nash HH, Borke RC, Anders JJ. 2001. New method of purification for
  148. establishing primary cultures of ensheathing cells from the adult" name="eprints.referencetext" />
  149. <meta content="Vincent, A.J. and West, A.K. and Chuah, Meng Inn (2003) Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1. Glia, 41 . pp. 393-403. ISSN 0894-1491" name="eprints.citation" />
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  152. <meta content="Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1" name="DC.title" />
  153. <meta content="Vincent, A.J." name="DC.creator" />
  154. <meta content="West, A.K." name="DC.creator" />
  155. <meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn" name="DC.creator" />
  156. <meta content="270000 Biological Sciences" name="DC.subject" />
  157. <meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) are a promising tool for the repair of
  158. injury in the adult central nervous system. However, important aspects of the cell
  159. biology of ECs remain unclear, such as whether ECs exist as a single population or as
  160. two subpopulations with Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The morphologies
  161. of these subpopulations are used as defining characteristics, yet ECs are
  162. known to be morphologically plastic. To elucidate this apparent inconsistency, we
  163. investigated the morphological plasticity of ECs in culture. We defined purified ECs as
  164. immunopositive for both p75 neurotrophin receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In
  165. MEM D-valine modification 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum, 87%–90% of ECs displayed
  166. a flat morphology. In three different serum-free media (N2 medium, neurobasal medium
  167. B27 supplement, and DMEM/F-12 medium G5 supplement), 78%–84% of ECs
  168. displayed process-bearing morphology. Ensheathing cells switched reversibly between
  169. these morphologies within a day of the serum conditions being changed. Exposure to 1
  170. nM endothelin-1 in serum-free medium prevented the switch from flat to processbearing
  171. morphology, while 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP accelerated this change. The effects of
  172. both agents were completely reversible and similar to that reported for astrocytes. Both
  173. flat and process-bearing ECs were immunopositive for brain-derived neurotrophic factor,
  174. nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and TrkB but not TrkA. Together, these results
  175. suggest that ECs exist as a single morphologically plastic population." name="DC.description" />
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  182. <meta content="Vincent, A.J. and West, A.K. and Chuah, Meng Inn (2003) Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1. Glia, 41 . pp. 393-403. ISSN 0894-1491" name="DC.identifier" />
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  287. <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1</h1>
  288. <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Vincent, A.J.</span> and <span class="person_name">West, A.K.</span> and <span class="person_name">Chuah, Meng Inn</span> (2003) <xhtml:em>Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1.</xhtml:em> Glia, 41 . pp. 393-403. ISSN 0894-1491</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2222/1/Vincent_et_al_2003.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2222/1/Vincent_et_al_2003.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />1970Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="2791" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.10171">http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.10171</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) are a promising tool for the repair of&#13;
  289. injury in the adult central nervous system. However, important aspects of the cell&#13;
  290. biology of ECs remain unclear, such as whether ECs exist as a single population or as&#13;
  291. two subpopulations with Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The morphologies&#13;
  292. of these subpopulations are used as defining characteristics, yet ECs are&#13;
  293. known to be morphologically plastic. To elucidate this apparent inconsistency, we&#13;
  294. investigated the morphological plasticity of ECs in culture. We defined purified ECs as&#13;
  295. immunopositive for both p75 neurotrophin receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In&#13;
  296. MEM D-valine modification 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum, 87%–90% of ECs displayed&#13;
  297. a flat morphology. In three different serum-free media (N2 medium, neurobasal medium&#13;
  298. B27 supplement, and DMEM/F-12 medium G5 supplement), 78%–84% of ECs&#13;
  299. displayed process-bearing morphology. Ensheathing cells switched reversibly between&#13;
  300. these morphologies within a day of the serum conditions being changed. Exposure to 1&#13;
  301. nM endothelin-1 in serum-free medium prevented the switch from flat to processbearing&#13;
  302. morphology, while 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP accelerated this change. The effects of&#13;
  303. both agents were completely reversible and similar to that reported for astrocytes. Both&#13;
  304. flat and process-bearing ECs were immunopositive for brain-derived neurotrophic factor,&#13;
  305. nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and TrkB but not TrkA. Together, these results&#13;
  306. suggest that ECs exist as a single morphologically plastic population.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">see individual journal copyright transfer agreements</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">transplantation; neurotrophin; regeneration; RhoA; myelin; glial</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270000.html">270000 Biological Sciences</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2222</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">A/Prof MI Chuah</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">17 Oct 2007 13:05</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2222;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2222">item control page</a></p>
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