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<title>UTas ePrints - Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1</title>
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<meta content="Vincent, A.J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="West, A.K." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn" name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="awest@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="Inn.Chuah@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
<meta content="article" name="eprints.type" />
<meta content="2007-10-17 02:05:20" name="eprints.datestamp" />
<meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" />
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<meta content="Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1" name="eprints.title" />
<meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
<meta content="270000" name="eprints.subjects" />
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<meta content="transplantation; neurotrophin; regeneration; RhoA; myelin; glial" name="eprints.keywords" />
<meta content="see individual journal copyright transfer agreements" name="eprints.note" />
<meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) are a promising tool for the repair of
injury in the adult central nervous system. However, important aspects of the cell
biology of ECs remain unclear, such as whether ECs exist as a single population or as
two subpopulations with Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The morphologies
of these subpopulations are used as defining characteristics, yet ECs are
known to be morphologically plastic. To elucidate this apparent inconsistency, we
investigated the morphological plasticity of ECs in culture. We defined purified ECs as
immunopositive for both p75 neurotrophin receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In
MEM D-valine modification 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum, 87%–90% of ECs displayed
a flat morphology. In three different serum-free media (N2 medium, neurobasal medium
B27 supplement, and DMEM/F-12 medium G5 supplement), 78%–84% of ECs
displayed process-bearing morphology. Ensheathing cells switched reversibly between
these morphologies within a day of the serum conditions being changed. Exposure to 1
nM endothelin-1 in serum-free medium prevented the switch from flat to processbearing
morphology, while 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP accelerated this change. The effects of
both agents were completely reversible and similar to that reported for astrocytes. Both
flat and process-bearing ECs were immunopositive for brain-derived neurotrophic factor,
nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and TrkB but not TrkA. Together, these results
suggest that ECs exist as a single morphologically plastic population." name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2003" name="eprints.date" />
<meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
<meta content="Glia" name="eprints.publication" />
<meta content="41" name="eprints.volume" />
<meta content="393-403" name="eprints.pagerange" />
<meta content="10.1002/glia.10171" name="eprints.id_number" />
<meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
<meta content="0894-1491" name="eprints.issn" />
<meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.10171" name="eprints.official_url" />
<meta content="Alexander CL, Fitzgerald UF, Barnett SC. 2002. Identification of
growth factors that promote long-term proliferation of olfactory
ensheathing cells and modulate their antigenic phenotype. Glia
37:349–364.
Au WW, Treloar HB, Greer CA. 2002. Sublaminar organization of the
mouse olfactory bulb nerve layer. J Comp Neurol 446:68–80.
Barnett SC, Alexander CL, Iwashita Y, Gilson JM, Crowther J, Clark
L, Dunn LT, Papanastassiou V, Kennedy PGE, Franklin RJM.
2000. Identification of a human olfactory ensheathing cell that can
effect transplant-mediated remyelination of demyelinated CNS axons.
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Chuah MI, Teague R. 1999. Basic fibroblast growth factor in the
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Chuah MI, West AK. 2002. Cellular and molecular biology of ensheathing
cells. Microsc Res Tech 58:216–227.
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Doucette R. 1990. Glial influences on axonal outgrowth in the primary
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Franceschini IA, Barnett SC. 1996. Low-affinity NGF-receptor and
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cell-like myelination following transplantation of an olfactory bulbensheathing
cell line into areas of demyelination in the adult CNS.
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of astrocytes are accompanied by rapid depolymerization of actin.
Brain Res 528:189–196.
Graziadei PP, Monti Graziadei GA. 1980. Neurogenesis and neuron
regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals: III, deafferentation
and reinnervation of the olfactory bulb following section of the
fila olfactoria in rat. J Neurocytol 9:145–162.
Gudin˜ o-Cabrera G, Nieto-Sampedro M. 1996. Ensheathing cells: large
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migration of transplanted cells in adult brain. Rest Neurol Neurosci
10:25–34.
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509–514.
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Action of endothelin-1 on rat astrocytes through the ETB receptor.
Biochem Biophys Res Comm 186:355–362.
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Endothelin-1 protects astrocytes from hypoxic/ischemic injury.
FASEB J 15:618–626.
Imaizumi T, Lankford KL, Waxman SG, Greer CA, Kocsis JD. 1998.
Transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells remyelinate and enhance
axonal conduction in the demyelinated dorsal columns of the rat
spinal cord. J Neurosci 18:6176–6185.
Imaizumi T, Lankford KL, Kocsis JD. 2000. Transplantation of olfactory
ensheathing cells or Schwann cells restores rapid and secure
conduction across the transected spinal cord. Brain Res 854:70–78.
Kato T, Honmou O, Uede T, Hashi K, Kocsis JD. 2000. Transplantation
of human olfactory ensheathing cells elicits remyelination of
demyelinated rat spinal cord. Glia 30:209–218.
Koyama Y, Ishibashi T, Hayata K, Baba A. 1993. Endothelins modulate
dibutyryl cAMP-induced stellation of cultured astrocytes. Brain
Res 600:81–88.
Koyama Y, Baba A. 1994. Endothelins are extracellular signals modulating
cytoskeletal actin organization in rat cultured astrocytes.
Neuroscience 61:1007–1016.
Li Y, Field PM, Raisman G. 1998. Regeneration of adult rat corticospinal
axons induced by transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells.
J Neurosci 18:10514–10524.
Lu J, Ashwell K. 2002. Olfactory ensheathing cells: their potential use
for repairing the injured spinal cord. Spine 27:887–892.
Lu J, Fe´ron F, Mackay-Sim A, Waite PM. 2002. Olfactory ensheathing
cells promote locomotor recovery after delayed transplantation into
transected spinal cord. Brain 125:14–21.
Moonen G, Cam Y, Sensenbrenner M, Mandel P. 1975. Variability of
the effects of serum-free medium, dibutyryl-cyclic AMP or theophylline
on the morphology of cultured new-born rat astroblasts. Cell
Tiss Res 163:365–372.
Nash HH, Borke RC, Anders JJ. 2001. New method of purification for
establishing primary cultures of ensheathing cells from the adult" name="eprints.referencetext" />
<meta content="Vincent, A.J. and West, A.K. and Chuah, Meng Inn (2003) Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1. Glia, 41 . pp. 393-403. ISSN 0894-1491" name="eprints.citation" />
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<meta content="Chuah, Meng Inn" name="DC.creator" />
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<meta content="Olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) are a promising tool for the repair of
injury in the adult central nervous system. However, important aspects of the cell
biology of ECs remain unclear, such as whether ECs exist as a single population or as
two subpopulations with Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The morphologies
of these subpopulations are used as defining characteristics, yet ECs are
known to be morphologically plastic. To elucidate this apparent inconsistency, we
investigated the morphological plasticity of ECs in culture. We defined purified ECs as
immunopositive for both p75 neurotrophin receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In
MEM D-valine modification 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum, 87%–90% of ECs displayed
a flat morphology. In three different serum-free media (N2 medium, neurobasal medium
B27 supplement, and DMEM/F-12 medium G5 supplement), 78%–84% of ECs
displayed process-bearing morphology. Ensheathing cells switched reversibly between
these morphologies within a day of the serum conditions being changed. Exposure to 1
nM endothelin-1 in serum-free medium prevented the switch from flat to processbearing
morphology, while 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP accelerated this change. The effects of
both agents were completely reversible and similar to that reported for astrocytes. Both
flat and process-bearing ECs were immunopositive for brain-derived neurotrophic factor,
nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and TrkB but not TrkA. Together, these results
suggest that ECs exist as a single morphologically plastic population." name="DC.description" />
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<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Vincent, A.J.</span> and <span class="person_name">West, A.K.</span> and <span class="person_name">Chuah, Meng Inn</span> (2003) <xhtml:em>Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelin-1.</xhtml:em> Glia, 41 . pp. 393-403. ISSN 0894-1491</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2222/1/Vincent_et_al_2003.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2222/1/Vincent_et_al_2003.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />1970Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="2791" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.10171">http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.10171</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Olfactory ensheathing cells (ECs) are a promising tool for the repair of
injury in the adult central nervous system. However, important aspects of the cell
biology of ECs remain unclear, such as whether ECs exist as a single population or as
two subpopulations with Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The morphologies
of these subpopulations are used as defining characteristics, yet ECs are
known to be morphologically plastic. To elucidate this apparent inconsistency, we
investigated the morphological plasticity of ECs in culture. We defined purified ECs as
immunopositive for both p75 neurotrophin receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In
MEM D-valine modification 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum, 87%–90% of ECs displayed
a flat morphology. In three different serum-free media (N2 medium, neurobasal medium
B27 supplement, and DMEM/F-12 medium G5 supplement), 78%–84% of ECs
displayed process-bearing morphology. Ensheathing cells switched reversibly between
these morphologies within a day of the serum conditions being changed. Exposure to 1
nM endothelin-1 in serum-free medium prevented the switch from flat to processbearing
morphology, while 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP accelerated this change. The effects of
both agents were completely reversible and similar to that reported for astrocytes. Both
flat and process-bearing ECs were immunopositive for brain-derived neurotrophic factor,
nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-4, and TrkB but not TrkA. Together, these results
suggest that ECs exist as a single morphologically plastic population.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">see individual journal copyright transfer agreements</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">transplantation; neurotrophin; regeneration; RhoA; myelin; glial</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270000.html">270000 Biological Sciences</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2222</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">A/Prof MI Chuah</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">17 Oct 2007 13:05</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2222;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=2222">item control page</a></p>
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