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  5.     <title>UTas ePrints - Increases in Water Potential Gradient Reduce Xylem Conductivity in Whole Plants. Evidence from a Low-Pressure Conductivity Method1</title>
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  13.     <meta content="Brodribb, Tim J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="Hill, Robert S." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  15. <meta content="Timothy.Brodribb@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
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  18. <meta content="2007-12-09 23:20:23" name="eprints.datestamp" />
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  21. <meta content="Increases in Water Potential Gradient Reduce Xylem
  22. Conductivity in Whole Plants. Evidence from a
  23. Low-Pressure Conductivity Method1" name="eprints.title" />
  24. <meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
  25. <meta content="270402" name="eprints.subjects" />
  26. <meta content="270400" name="eprints.subjects" />
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  28. <meta content="A new method using hydrostatic suctions (less than 0.02 MPa) was used to measure whole-root conductivity (Kr) in saplings
  29. of two angiosperm pioneer trees (Eucalyptus regnans and Toona australis) and two rainforest conifers (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
  30. and Nageia fleurii). The resultant Kr was combined with measurements of stem and leaf hydraulic conductivity to calculate
  31. whole-plant conductivity and to predict leaf water potential (Cl) during transpiration. At normal soil temperatures there was
  32. good agreement between measured and predicted Cl during transpiration in all species. Changes in the soil-to-leaf water
  33. potential gradient were produced by root chilling, and in three of the four species, changes in Cl corresponded to those
  34. expected by the effect of increased water viscosity on Kr. In one species, however, root chilling produced severe plant wilting
  35. and a decline in Cl significantly below the predicted value. In this species Cl decreased to a value close to, or below, the Cl
  36. at 50% xylem cavitation. It is concluded that decreased whole-plant conductivity in T. australis resulted from a decrease in
  37. xylem conductivity due to stress-induced cavitation." name="eprints.abstract" />
  38. <meta content="2000" name="eprints.date" />
  39. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  40. <meta content="Plant Physiology" name="eprints.publication" />
  41. <meta content="123" name="eprints.volume" />
  42. <meta content="1021-1028" name="eprints.pagerange" />
  43. <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
  44. <meta content="0032-0889" name="eprints.issn" />
  45. <meta content="http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/content/abstract/123/3/1021" name="eprints.official_url" />
  46. <meta content="Alder MN, Sperry JS, Pockman WT (1996) Root and stem
  47. xylem embolism, stomatal conductance, and leaf turgor
  48. in Acer grandidentatum populations along a soil moisture
  49. gradient. Oecologia 105: 293–301
  50. Becker P, Tyree MT, Tsuda M (1999) Hydraulic conductances
  51. of angiosperms versus conifers: similar transport
  52. sufficiency at the whole-plant level. Tree Physiol 19:
  53. 445–452
  54. Brodribb T, Hill RS (1999) The importance of xylem constraints
  55. on the distribution of conifer species. New Phytol
  56. 143: 356–372
  57. Brouwer R (1954) The regulating influence of transpiration
  58. and suction tension on the water and salt uptake by the
  59. roots of intact Vica faba plants. Acta Bot Neerl 3: 264–312
  60. Fiscus E (1975) The interaction between osmotic- and
  61. pressure-induced flow in plant roots. Plant Physiol 55:
  62. 917–922
  63. Frensch J, Stuedle E (1989) Axial and radial hydraulic
  64. resistance to roots of maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Physiol
  65. 91: 719–726
  66. Hacke U, Sauter JJ (1996) Drought-induced xylem dysfunction
  67. in petioles, branches, and roots of Poplus balsamifera
  68. L. and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Plant Physiol 111:
  69. 413–417
  70. Hargrave KR, Kolb KJ, Ewers FW, Davis SD (1994) Conduit
  71. diameter and drought-induced embolism in Salvia
  72. mellifera Greene (Labiatae). New Phytol 126: 695–705
  73. Hertel A, Steudle E (1997) The function of water channels
  74. in Chara: the temperature dependence of water and solute
  75. flows provides evidence for composite membrane
  76. transport and for slippage of small organic solutes across
  77. water channels. Planta 202: 324–335
  78. Herwitz SR (1993) Growth rates of selected Australian
  79. tropical rainforest tree species under controlled conditions.
  80. Oecologia 96: 232–238
  81. Huxman KA, Smith SD, Neuman DS (1999) Root conductivity
  82. of Larrea tridentata and Helianthus annuus under
  83. elevated CO2. Plant Cell Environ 22: 325–330
  84. Jackson GE, Irvine J, Grace J (1995) Xylem cavitation in
  85. Scots pine and Sitka spruce saplings during water stress.
  86. Tree Physiol 15: 783–790
  87. Kolb K, Davis SD (1994) Drought tolerance and xylem
  88. embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and
  89. chaparral. Ecology 75: 648–659
  90. Kramer PJ (1938) Root resistance as a cause of the absorption
  91. lag. Am J Bot 25: 110–113
  92. Kramer PJ (1940) Root resistance as a cause of decreased
  93. water absorption by plants at low temperatures. Plant
  94. Physiol 15: 63–79
  95. Lo Gullo MA, Nardini A, Salleo S, Tyree MT (1998)
  96. Changes in root hydraulic conductance (Kr) of Olea
  97. oleaster seedlings following drought stress and irrigation.
  98. New Phytol 140: 25–31
  99. Mees GC, Weatherley PE (1957) The mechanism of water
  100. absorption by roots: II. The role of hydrostatic pressure
  101. gradients across the cortex. Proc R Soc London Ser B 147:
  102. 381–391
  103. Melcher PJ, Meinzer FC, Yount DE, Goldstein G, Zimmermann
  104. U (1998) Comparative measurements of xylem
  105. pressure in transpiring and non-transpiring leaves by
  106. means of the pressure chamber and the xylem pressure
  107. probe. J Exp Bot 49: 1757–1760
  108. Pammenter NW, Vander Willigen C (1998) A mathematical
  109. and statistical analysis of the curves illustrating
  110. vulnerability of xylem to cavitation. Tree Physiol 18:
  111. 589–593
  112. Passioura JB (1984) Hydraulic resistance of plants: I. Constant
  113. or variable? Aust J Plant Physiol 11: 333–339
  114. Rudinger M, Hallgren SW, Stuedle E, Schulze ED (1994)
  115. Hydraulic and osmotic properties of spruce roots. J Exp
  116. Bot 45: 1413–1425
  117. Sands R, Fiscus E, Reid CPP (1982) Hydraulic properties
  118. of bean and pine roots with varying degrees of suberisation,
  119. vascular differentiation and mycorrhizal infection.
  120. Aust J Plant Physiol 9: 559–569
  121. Schultz HR, Matthews MA (1997) High vapour pressure
  122. deficit exacerbates xylem cavitation and photoinhibition
  123. in shade-gown Piper auritum during prolonged sunflecks:
  124. I. Dynamics of plant water relations. Oecologia
  125. 110: 312–319
  126. Sperry JS, Donnelly JR, Tyree MT (1988) A method for
  127. measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem.
  128. Plant Cell Environ 11: 35–40
  129. Sperry JS, Saliendra NZ (1994) Intra- and inter-plant variation
  130. in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis. Plant Cell
  131. Environ 17: 1233–1241
  132. Sperry JS, Tyree MT (1990). Water-stress-induced xylem
  133. embolism in three species of conifers. Plant Cell Environ
  134. 13: 427–436
  135. Steudle E, Peterson CA (1998) How does water get
  136. through roots? J Exp Bot 49: 775–788
  137. Tsuda M, Tyree MT (1997) Whole-plant hydraulic and
  138. vulnerability segmentation in Acer saccharinum. Tree
  139. Physiol 17: 351–357
  140. Tyree MT, Ewers FW (1991) The hydraulic architecture of
  141. trees and other woody plants. New Phytol 119: 345–360
  142. Tyree MT, Patino S, Becker P (1998a) Variability to
  143. drought-induced embolism of Bornean heath and dipterocarp
  144. forest trees. Tree Physiol 18: 583–588
  145. Tyree MT, Sperry JS (1988) Do woody plants operate near
  146. the point of catastrophic xylem dysfunction caused by
  147. dynamic water stress? Answers from a model. Plant
  148. Physiol 88: 574–580
  149. Tyree MT, Velez V, Dalling JW (1998b) Growth dynamics
  150. of root and shoot hydraulic conductance in seedlings of
  151. five neotropical tree species: scaling to show possible
  152. adaptation to differing light regimes. Oecologia 114:
  153. 293–298
  154. Van Der Meer PJ, Dignan P, Saveneh AG (1999) Effect of
  155. gap size on seedling establishment, growth and survival
  156. at three years in mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans F.
  157. Muell.) forest in Victoria, Australia. For Ecol Manag 117:
  158. 33–42
  159. Walters MB, Reich PB (1999) Low-light carbon balance
  160. and shade tolerance in the seedlings of woody plants: do
  161. winter deciduous and broad-leaved evergreen species
  162. differ? New Phytol 143: 143–154
  163. Wei C, Steudle E, Tyree MT (1999) Water ascent in plants:
  164. do ongoing controversies have a sound basis? Trends
  165. Plant Sci 4: 335–380
  166. Xylem Cavitation in Whole Plants" name="eprints.referencetext" />
  167. <meta content="Brodribb, Tim J. and Hill, Robert S. (2000) Increases in Water Potential Gradient Reduce Xylem Conductivity in Whole Plants. Evidence from a Low-Pressure Conductivity Method1. Plant Physiology, 123 . pp. 1021-1028. ISSN 0032-0889" name="eprints.citation" />
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  170. <meta content="Increases in Water Potential Gradient Reduce Xylem
  171. Conductivity in Whole Plants. Evidence from a
  172. Low-Pressure Conductivity Method1" name="DC.title" />
  173. <meta content="Brodribb, Tim J." name="DC.creator" />
  174. <meta content="Hill, Robert S." name="DC.creator" />
  175. <meta content="270402 Plant Physiology" name="DC.subject" />
  176. <meta content="270400 Botany" name="DC.subject" />
  177. <meta content="A new method using hydrostatic suctions (less than 0.02 MPa) was used to measure whole-root conductivity (Kr) in saplings
  178. of two angiosperm pioneer trees (Eucalyptus regnans and Toona australis) and two rainforest conifers (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
  179. and Nageia fleurii). The resultant Kr was combined with measurements of stem and leaf hydraulic conductivity to calculate
  180. whole-plant conductivity and to predict leaf water potential (Cl) during transpiration. At normal soil temperatures there was
  181. good agreement between measured and predicted Cl during transpiration in all species. Changes in the soil-to-leaf water
  182. potential gradient were produced by root chilling, and in three of the four species, changes in Cl corresponded to those
  183. expected by the effect of increased water viscosity on Kr. In one species, however, root chilling produced severe plant wilting
  184. and a decline in Cl significantly below the predicted value. In this species Cl decreased to a value close to, or below, the Cl
  185. at 50% xylem cavitation. It is concluded that decreased whole-plant conductivity in T. australis resulted from a decrease in
  186. xylem conductivity due to stress-induced cavitation." name="DC.description" />
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  300.     <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Increases in Water Potential Gradient Reduce Xylem Conductivity in Whole Plants. Evidence from a Low-Pressure Conductivity Method1</h1>
  301.     <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Brodribb, Tim J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Hill, Robert S.</span> (2000) <xhtml:em>Increases in Water Potential Gradient Reduce Xylem Conductivity in Whole Plants. Evidence from a Low-Pressure Conductivity Method1.</xhtml:em> Plant Physiology, 123 . pp. 1021-1028. ISSN 0032-0889</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2638/1/Root_chilling.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2638/1/Root_chilling.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />178Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="3458" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/content/abstract/123/3/1021">http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/content/abstract/123/3/1021</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">A new method using hydrostatic suctions (less than 0.02 MPa) was used to measure whole-root conductivity (Kr) in saplings&#13;
  302. of two angiosperm pioneer trees (Eucalyptus regnans and Toona australis) and two rainforest conifers (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides&#13;
  303. and Nageia fleurii). The resultant Kr was combined with measurements of stem and leaf hydraulic conductivity to calculate&#13;
  304. whole-plant conductivity and to predict leaf water potential (Cl) during transpiration. At normal soil temperatures there was&#13;
  305. good agreement between measured and predicted Cl during transpiration in all species. Changes in the soil-to-leaf water&#13;
  306. potential gradient were produced by root chilling, and in three of the four species, changes in Cl corresponded to those&#13;
  307. expected by the effect of increased water viscosity on Kr. In one species, however, root chilling produced severe plant wilting&#13;
  308. and a decline in Cl significantly below the predicted value. In this species Cl decreased to a value close to, or below, the Cl&#13;
  309. at 50% xylem cavitation. It is concluded that decreased whole-plant conductivity in T. australis resulted from a decrease in&#13;
  310. xylem conductivity due to stress-induced cavitation.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270402.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270400 Botany &gt; 270402 Plant Physiology</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270400.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270400 Botany</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2638</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Scholarly Publications Librarian</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">10 Dec 2007 10:20</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2638;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2638">item control page</a></p>
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