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  5.     <title>UTas ePrints - Costly parasite resistance: a genotype-dependent handicap in sand lizards?</title>
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  13.     <meta content="Olsson, Mats" name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="Wapstra, Erik" name="eprints.creators_name" />
  15. <meta content="Madsen, Thomas" name="eprints.creators_name" />
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  27. <meta content="Costly parasite resistance: a genotype-dependent handicap in sand lizards?" name="eprints.title" />
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  31. <meta content="MHC; costly parasite resistance;
  32. handicap; sand lizard" name="eprints.keywords" />
  33. <meta content="Male sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) with a specific
  34. restriction fragment length polymorphism fragment
  35. in their major histocompatibility complex
  36. (MHC) genotype (‘O-males’) are more resistant
  37. to ectoparasites (a tick, Ixodes ricinus) than are
  38. males that lack this fragment (‘NO-males’).
  39. However, emerging evidence suggests that
  40. such adaptive immune responses are costly,
  41. here manifested by reduced body condition and
  42. a compromised defence against secondary infections
  43. by haemoprotid parasites that use the
  44. ticks as vectors. Subsequent to tick encounter,
  45. O-males suffer from a higher leucocyte–erythrocyte
  46. ratio, and higher haemoprotid parasitaemia,
  47. in particular in relation to vector encounter
  48. rate. Furthermore, O-males (i.e. successful tick
  49. defenders) with more haemoprotid parasites
  50. remaining in their blood stream were in better
  51. body condition, whereas this did not apply
  52. in NO-males, demonstrating that the adaptive
  53. immunoreaction can—in the short term—be
  54. energetically even more costly than being moderately
  55. parasitized. In agreement with Zahavian
  56. handicap theory, O-males had a (marginally)
  57. higher reproductive success than males that
  58. lacked this fragment." name="eprints.abstract" />
  59. <meta content="2005" name="eprints.date" />
  60. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  61. <meta content="Biology Letters" name="eprints.publication" />
  62. <meta content="1" name="eprints.volume" />
  63. <meta content="375-377" name="eprints.pagerange" />
  64. <meta content="10.1098/rsbl.2005.0339" name="eprints.id_number" />
  65. <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
  66. <meta content="1744-9561" name="eprints.issn" />
  67. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0339" name="eprints.official_url" />
  68. <meta content="Folstad, I. &amp; Karter, A. J. 1992 Parasites, bright males, and
  69. the immunocompetence handicap. Am. Nat. 139,
  70. 603–622.
  71. Hamilton, W. &amp; Zuk, M. 1982 Heritable true fitness and
  72. bright birds A role for parasites?. Science 218, 384–387.
  73. Jacot, A., Scheueber, H. &amp; Brinkhof, M. 2004 Costs of an
  74. induced immune response on sexual display and longevity
  75. in field crickets. Evolution 58, 2280–2286.
  76. Madsen, T., Olsson, M., Wittzell, H., Stille, B., Gullebrg,
  77. A., Shine, R., Andersson, S. &amp; Tegelstro¨m, H. 2000
  78. Population size and genetic diversity in sand lizard
  79. (Lacerta agilis) and adders (Vipera berus). Biol. Cons. 94,
  80. 257–262.
  81. Moret, Y. &amp; Schmid-Haempel, P. 2000 Survival for immunity:
  82. the price of immune system activation for bumblebee
  83. workers. Science 290, 1166–1168.
  84. Olsson, M., Madsen, T., Wapstra, E., Silverin, B., Ujvari,
  85. B. &amp; Wittsell, H. In press. MHC, health, colour, and
  86. reproductive success in sand lizards. Behav. Ecol.
  87. Sociobiol.
  88. Olsson, M., Wapstra, E., Madsen, T. &amp; Silverin, B. 2000
  89. Testosterone, ticks, and travels: a test of the immunocompetence-
  90. handicap hypothesis in free-ranging sand
  91. lizards. Proc. R. Soc. B 267, 2339–2343. (doi:10.1098/
  92. rspb.2000.1289.)
  93. Ra°berg, L., Grahn, M., Hasselqvist, D. &amp; Svensson, E.
  94. 1998 On the adaptive significance of stress-induced
  95. immunosuppression. Proc. R. Soc. B 265, 1637–1641.
  96. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0482.)
  97. Ra°berg, L., Nilsson, J.-A° ., Ilmonen, P., Stjernman, M. &amp;
  98. Hasselqvist, D. 2000 The cost of an immune response:
  99. vaccination reduces parental effort. Ecol. Lett. 3,
  100. 382–386.
  101. Rheichenbach-Klinke, H. &amp; Elkan, E. 1965 Diseases of
  102. reptiles. Hong Kong: T.F.H. Publications.
  103. Sheldon, B. &amp; Verhulst, S. 1996 Ecological immunology:
  104. costly parasite defences and trade-offs in evolutionary
  105. ecology. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11, 317–321.
  106. Svensson, E., Ra°berg, L., Koch, C. &amp; Hasselquist, D. 1998
  107. Energetic stress, immunosuppression and the costs of an
  108. antibody response. Funct. Ecol. 12, 912–919.
  109. Zahavi, A. 1975 Mate selection—a selection for a handicap.
  110. J. Theor. Biol. 53, 205–214." name="eprints.referencetext" />
  111. <meta content="Olsson, Mats and Wapstra, Erik and Madsen, Thomas and Ujvari, Beata and Rugfelt, Carl (2005) Costly parasite resistance: a genotype-dependent handicap in sand lizards? Biology Letters, 1 . pp. 375-377. ISSN 1744-9561" name="eprints.citation" />
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  116. <meta content="Wapstra, Erik" name="DC.creator" />
  117. <meta content="Madsen, Thomas" name="DC.creator" />
  118. <meta content="Ujvari, Beata" name="DC.creator" />
  119. <meta content="Rugfelt, Carl" name="DC.creator" />
  120. <meta content="270203 Population and Ecological Genetics" name="DC.subject" />
  121. <meta content="Male sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) with a specific
  122. restriction fragment length polymorphism fragment
  123. in their major histocompatibility complex
  124. (MHC) genotype (‘O-males’) are more resistant
  125. to ectoparasites (a tick, Ixodes ricinus) than are
  126. males that lack this fragment (‘NO-males’).
  127. However, emerging evidence suggests that
  128. such adaptive immune responses are costly,
  129. here manifested by reduced body condition and
  130. a compromised defence against secondary infections
  131. by haemoprotid parasites that use the
  132. ticks as vectors. Subsequent to tick encounter,
  133. O-males suffer from a higher leucocyte–erythrocyte
  134. ratio, and higher haemoprotid parasitaemia,
  135. in particular in relation to vector encounter
  136. rate. Furthermore, O-males (i.e. successful tick
  137. defenders) with more haemoprotid parasites
  138. remaining in their blood stream were in better
  139. body condition, whereas this did not apply
  140. in NO-males, demonstrating that the adaptive
  141. immunoreaction can—in the short term—be
  142. energetically even more costly than being moderately
  143. parasitized. In agreement with Zahavian
  144. handicap theory, O-males had a (marginally)
  145. higher reproductive success than males that
  146. lacked this fragment." name="DC.description" />
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  260.     <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Costly parasite resistance: a genotype-dependent handicap in sand lizards?</h1>
  261.     <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Olsson, Mats</span> and <span class="person_name">Wapstra, Erik</span> and <span class="person_name">Madsen, Thomas</span> and <span class="person_name">Ujvari, Beata</span> and <span class="person_name">Rugfelt, Carl</span> (2005) <xhtml:em>Costly parasite resistance: a genotype-dependent handicap in sand lizards?</xhtml:em> Biology Letters, 1 . pp. 375-377. ISSN 1744-9561</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2194/1/CostlyParasite.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2194/1/CostlyParasite.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />81Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="2783" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0339">http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0339</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Male sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) with a specific&#13;
  262. restriction fragment length polymorphism fragment&#13;
  263. in their major histocompatibility complex&#13;
  264. (MHC) genotype (‘O-males’) are more resistant&#13;
  265. to ectoparasites (a tick, Ixodes ricinus) than are&#13;
  266. males that lack this fragment (‘NO-males’).&#13;
  267. However, emerging evidence suggests that&#13;
  268. such adaptive immune responses are costly,&#13;
  269. here manifested by reduced body condition and&#13;
  270. a compromised defence against secondary infections&#13;
  271. by haemoprotid parasites that use the&#13;
  272. ticks as vectors. Subsequent to tick encounter,&#13;
  273. O-males suffer from a higher leucocyte–erythrocyte&#13;
  274. ratio, and higher haemoprotid parasitaemia,&#13;
  275. in particular in relation to vector encounter&#13;
  276. rate. Furthermore, O-males (i.e. successful tick&#13;
  277. defenders) with more haemoprotid parasites&#13;
  278. remaining in their blood stream were in better&#13;
  279. body condition, whereas this did not apply&#13;
  280. in NO-males, demonstrating that the adaptive&#13;
  281. immunoreaction can—in the short term—be&#13;
  282. energetically even more costly than being moderately&#13;
  283. parasitized. In agreement with Zahavian&#13;
  284. handicap theory, O-males had a (marginally)&#13;
  285. higher reproductive success than males that&#13;
  286. lacked this fragment.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">MHC; costly parasite resistance;&#13;
  287. handicap; sand lizard</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270203.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270200 Genetics &gt; 270203 Population and Ecological Genetics</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2194</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Dr Erik Wapstra</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">15 Oct 2007 14:19</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2194;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2194">item control page</a></p>
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