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  5.     <title>UTas ePrints - Syn-eruptive chaotic breccia on Kos, Greece, associated with an energetic pyroclastic flow</title>
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  13.     <meta content="Allen, S.R." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  14. <meta content="McPhie, J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
  15. <meta content="Sharon.Allen@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
  16. <meta content="J.McPhie@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
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  21. <meta content="Syn-eruptive chaotic breccia on Kos, Greece, associated with an energetic pyroclastic flow" name="eprints.title" />
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  25. <meta content="Kos Plateau Tuff · Caldera-forming eruption ·
  26. Pyroclastic flow · Syn-eruptive chaotic breccia, · Shear
  27. liquification · Debris avalanche" name="eprints.keywords" />
  28. <meta content="The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com" name="eprints.note" />
  29. <meta content="The climax of the Kos Plateau Tuff (KPT) eruption (eastern Aegean, Greece) generated a highly energetic,
  30. coarse-grained, lithic-rich, pyroclastic flow. In
  31. most places on Kos, the deposit from this event is an ignimbrite (ignimbrite El) that comprises a basal, coarsegrained, lithic breccia and overlying pumiceous part,
  32. above a planar, strongly erosional lower contact. However,
  33. along the northern coast of central Kos, “normal” ignimbrite
  34. El overlies a hummocky, 6-m-thick layer of chaotic breccia comprising mingled-to-pervasively mixed ignimbrite El and unconsolidated sediment. The surface morphology of the chaotic breccia and its internal texture resemble those of a debris-avalanche deposit, but the breccia is neither proximal nor downcurrent of steep topography. The lower part of the chaotic breccia comprises distinct domains of unconsolidated sediment or lower KPT units that are deformed and/or mingled with pumiceous ignimbrite. The upper part is dominated by a matrix of mingled-to-pervasively mixed ignimbrite and sediment that contains sediment domains as large as 2–10 m in diameter. Such large intact allochthonous domains are best preserved at the top of the chaotic breccia and form the hummocks. The chaotic breccia formed synchronously with the passage of a highly energetic pyroclastic flow where it traversed wet, unconsolidated sediment. Shear-induced liquification, together with possible ground shaking associated with the eruption, probably caused failure. Part of the unconsolidated substrate and basal part of ignimbrite El were dislodged and resedimented a short distance (tens to hundreds of metres)downcurrent. The lower part records deformation and disintegration of the substrate induced by the overriding, shearing flow. Mingling and deformation of the poorly consolidated material occurred as a result of within-flow lateral shear. Attenuated worm burrows within the sediment domains, and pinch-and-swell and flame structures within the mingled domains, preserve evidence of shear in the lower part. The upper part was transported downcurrent above a zone of shear failure. Internal heterogeneities in physical properties resulted in variable strain rates causing some domains to be pervasively mixed
  35. while others remained intact. Intact large unconsolidated
  36. domains at the top were transported mostly above the
  37. zone of shearing." name="eprints.abstract" />
  38. <meta content="2001-10" name="eprints.date" />
  39. <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
  40. <meta content="Bulletin of Volcanology" name="eprints.publication" />
  41. <meta content="63" name="eprints.volume" />
  42. <meta content="6" name="eprints.number" />
  43. <meta content="421-432" name="eprints.pagerange" />
  44. <meta content="10.1007/s004450100162" name="eprints.id_number" />
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  47. <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450100162" name="eprints.official_url" />
  48. <meta content="Allen SR (2001) Reconstruction of a major caldera-forming eruption
  49. from pyroclastic deposit characteristics: Kos Plateau Tuff,
  50. eastern Aegean Sea. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 105:141–162
  51. Allen SR, Cas RAF (1998) Lateral variations within coarse co-ignimbrite
  52. lithic breccias of the Kos Plateau Tuff, Greece. Bull
  53. Volcanol 59:356–377
  54. Allen SR, Cas RAF (2001) Transport of pyroclastic flows across
  55. the sea during the explosive, rhyolitic eruption of the Kos Plateau
  56. Tuff, Greece. Bull Volcanol 62:441–456
  57. Allen SR, Stadlbauer E, Keller J (1999) Stratigraphy of the Kos
  58. Plateau Tuff: product of a major Quaternary explosive rhyolitic
  59. eruption in the eastern Aegean, Greece. Int J Earth Sci
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  130. Kos (Ägäis, Grienchenland). Geol Rundsch 72:815–860
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  132. I. General aspects. Phil Trans R Soc Lond A314:199–
  133. 228" name="eprints.referencetext" />
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  139. <meta content="McPhie, J." name="DC.creator" />
  140. <meta content="260100 Geology" name="DC.subject" />
  141. <meta content="The climax of the Kos Plateau Tuff (KPT) eruption (eastern Aegean, Greece) generated a highly energetic,
  142. coarse-grained, lithic-rich, pyroclastic flow. In
  143. most places on Kos, the deposit from this event is an ignimbrite (ignimbrite El) that comprises a basal, coarsegrained, lithic breccia and overlying pumiceous part,
  144. above a planar, strongly erosional lower contact. However,
  145. along the northern coast of central Kos, “normal” ignimbrite
  146. El overlies a hummocky, 6-m-thick layer of chaotic breccia comprising mingled-to-pervasively mixed ignimbrite El and unconsolidated sediment. The surface morphology of the chaotic breccia and its internal texture resemble those of a debris-avalanche deposit, but the breccia is neither proximal nor downcurrent of steep topography. The lower part of the chaotic breccia comprises distinct domains of unconsolidated sediment or lower KPT units that are deformed and/or mingled with pumiceous ignimbrite. The upper part is dominated by a matrix of mingled-to-pervasively mixed ignimbrite and sediment that contains sediment domains as large as 2–10 m in diameter. Such large intact allochthonous domains are best preserved at the top of the chaotic breccia and form the hummocks. The chaotic breccia formed synchronously with the passage of a highly energetic pyroclastic flow where it traversed wet, unconsolidated sediment. Shear-induced liquification, together with possible ground shaking associated with the eruption, probably caused failure. Part of the unconsolidated substrate and basal part of ignimbrite El were dislodged and resedimented a short distance (tens to hundreds of metres)downcurrent. The lower part records deformation and disintegration of the substrate induced by the overriding, shearing flow. Mingling and deformation of the poorly consolidated material occurred as a result of within-flow lateral shear. Attenuated worm burrows within the sediment domains, and pinch-and-swell and flame structures within the mingled domains, preserve evidence of shear in the lower part. The upper part was transported downcurrent above a zone of shear failure. Internal heterogeneities in physical properties resulted in variable strain rates causing some domains to be pervasively mixed
  147. while others remained intact. Intact large unconsolidated
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  263.     <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Syn-eruptive chaotic breccia on Kos, Greece, associated with an energetic pyroclastic flow</h1>
  264.     <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Allen, S.R.</span> and <span class="person_name">McPhie, J.</span> (2001) <xhtml:em>Syn-eruptive chaotic breccia on Kos, Greece, associated with an energetic pyroclastic flow.</xhtml:em> Bulletin of Volcanology, 63 (6). pp. 421-432. ISSN 0258-8900</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2082/1/Allen.McPhie.BV.2001.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2082/1/Allen.McPhie.BV.2001.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />584Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="2617" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450100162">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450100162</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">The climax of the Kos Plateau Tuff (KPT) eruption (eastern Aegean, Greece) generated a highly energetic,&#13;
  265. coarse-grained, lithic-rich, pyroclastic flow. In&#13;
  266. most places on Kos, the deposit from this event is an ignimbrite (ignimbrite El) that comprises a basal, coarsegrained, lithic breccia and overlying pumiceous part,&#13;
  267. above a planar, strongly erosional lower contact. However,&#13;
  268. along the northern coast of central Kos, “normal” ignimbrite&#13;
  269. El overlies a hummocky, 6-m-thick layer of chaotic breccia comprising mingled-to-pervasively mixed ignimbrite El and unconsolidated sediment. The surface morphology of the chaotic breccia and its internal texture resemble those of a debris-avalanche deposit, but the breccia is neither proximal nor downcurrent of steep topography. The lower part of the chaotic breccia comprises distinct domains of unconsolidated sediment or lower KPT units that are deformed and/or mingled with pumiceous ignimbrite. The upper part is dominated by a matrix of mingled-to-pervasively mixed ignimbrite and sediment that contains sediment domains as large as 2–10 m in diameter. Such large intact allochthonous domains are best preserved at the top of the chaotic breccia and form the hummocks. The chaotic breccia formed synchronously with the passage of a highly energetic pyroclastic flow where it traversed wet, unconsolidated sediment. Shear-induced liquification, together with possible ground shaking associated with the eruption, probably caused failure. Part of the unconsolidated substrate and basal part of ignimbrite El were dislodged and resedimented a short distance (tens to hundreds of metres)downcurrent. The lower part records deformation and disintegration of the substrate induced by the overriding, shearing flow. Mingling and deformation of the poorly consolidated material occurred as a result of within-flow lateral shear. Attenuated worm burrows within the sediment domains, and pinch-and-swell and flame structures within the mingled domains, preserve evidence of shear in the lower part. The upper part was transported downcurrent above a zone of shear failure. Internal heterogeneities in physical properties resulted in variable strain rates causing some domains to be pervasively mixed&#13;
  270. while others remained intact. Intact large unconsolidated&#13;
  271. domains at the top were transported mostly above the&#13;
  272. zone of shearing.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Kos Plateau Tuff · Caldera-forming eruption ·&#13;
  273. Pyroclastic flow · Syn-eruptive chaotic breccia, · Shear&#13;
  274. liquification · Debris avalanche</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260100.html">260000 Earth Sciences &gt; 260100 Geology</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2082</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mrs Katrina Keep</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">11 Oct 2007 12:16</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2082;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2082">item control page</a></p>
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