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<meta content="Barrett, N.S." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Edgar, Graham J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
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<meta content="Lynch, T." name="eprints.creators_name" />
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<meta content="Ecosystem monitoring of subtidal reefs in the Jervis Bay Marine Park 1996-2005.
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<meta content="Surveys of subtidal rocky reefs were conducted in the Jervis Bay Marine Park (JBMP) as part of a broader study into the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs) in Australian temperate waters. The study used the same standardised methodology used in baseline and long-term monitoring programs in Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria. Surveys assessed fish size, diversity and abundance, as well as macro invertebrate and algae abundance. Baseline surveys were conducted in 1996 (18 replicate sites), 2000 (24 replicates) and 2001 (25 replicates). Since establishment of the JBMP zoning plan in October 2002 three surveys in 2003, 2004 and 2005 have been completed at 27 sites. Sites were chosen to allow an approximately balanced design between treatments with 14 sites in sanctuary "no-take" zones and 13 reference sites where fishing is still permitted. Sites were also stratified by wave exposure between sheltered and exposed locations.
A diverse fish fauna totalling 216 species has been recorded. Site attached species such as wrasse, damselfishes, red morwong Cheilodatylus fuscus and rock cale Crinodus lophodon, provided the most temporally and spatially stable components of the fish assemblage. More mobile and schooling species such as the snapper Acanthopagrus australis, and the bream Chrysophyrs auratus were highly variable between sites and between years. Newly-recruited juveniles of tropical species, which presumedly die each winter, also added considerable variation between years.
The invertebrate fauna was dominated by the long-spined urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii, while other species such as Turbo snails and red-throated ascidians (Herdmania momus) were locally abundant. Commercially and recreationally important abalone and rock lobster species were extremely rare. Algal diversity was relatively low compared to other temperate Australian study locations, with the kelp Ecklonia radiata the most common species.
Results from surveys showed little divergence between "no take" sanctuary zones established in October 2002 and fished reference sites. Two exploited fish species, the red morwong and bream, and one threatened species, the grey nurse shark, exhibited trends for population increase in sanctuary zones; however, longer-term trends will be required before the significance of these observations can be reliably assessed. While numbers were low, the re-establishment of grey nurse sharks within a sanctuary zone in Jervis Bay was certainly an encouraging sign that general protection from fishing may help protect this threatened species. Other patterns observed over the monitoring period included divergence between fished and unfished zones for the abundance of invertebrate gastropod Astralium tentoriformis and the total cover of the common kelp Ecklonia radiata. As for the fish results, more time is required to properly determine the biological significance of these trends.
As the JBMP has only been protected on paper for 2.5 years, and due to a one year advisory phrase strongly enforced for only 1.5 years, it is not surprising that few changes have been detected as yet. A more realistic and biologically meaningful timeframe to detect change will be 5-10 years, hence it is recommended that annual surveys continue over this period.
Due to the broad scale of the survey the current design should be able to detect changes at all levels of species interaction. Ideally surveys will continue to be repeated at the same time each year. This will produce a time-series of data documenting changes in the abundance and size distribution of species of interest, allowing clear trends through time in sanctuary zones to be differentiated from chance divergence and natural levels of inter-annual variability.
" name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2006-04" name="eprints.date" />
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<meta content="Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute" name="eprints.publisher" />
<meta content="Tasmania, Australia" name="eprints.place_of_pub" />
<meta content="55" name="eprints.pages" />
<meta content="University of Tasmania" name="eprints.institution" />
<meta content="Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute" name="eprints.department" />
<meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" />
<meta content="Andrew, N.L. (1991). Changes in subtidal habitat following mass mortality of sea urchins in Botany Bay, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Ecology 16, 353-62.
Andrew NL, & O'Neil AL (2000) Large-scale patterns in habitat structure on subtidal rocky reefs in New South Wales. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 51, 255-263.
Andrew NL, & Underwood AJ (1993) Density-dependent foraging in the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii on shallow subtidal reefs in New South Wales, Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 99, 89-98.
ANZECC. (1999). Strategic plan of action for the national representative system of marine protected areas. A guide for action by Australian Governments. ANZECC task force on marine protected areas, Environment Australia, Canberra, 80p.
Babcock, R.C., S. Kelly, S. Shears, N.T., Walker, J.W., and Willis, T.J. (1999). Changes in community structure in temperate marine reserves. Marine Ecology Progress Series 189: 125-134.
Barrett, N.S. (1995). Biology and Ecology of six temperate reef fishes. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Tasmania, 192p.
Barrett, N.S. (1997). Short and long-term movement patterns of six temperate reef fishes (families: Labridae and Monacanthidae). Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 46, 853-860.
Barrett, N.S. & Buxton C. (2002). Examining underwater visual census techniques for the assessment of population structure and biodiversity in temperate coastal marine protected areas – Workshop proceedings. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute Technical Report Series 11, 114p.
Barrett, N.S, Edgar, G.J.. & Morton A. (2002) A Baseline Survey for Ecosystem Monitoring in the Jervis Bay Marine Park. Tasmanian Aquculture and Fisheries Institute Internal Report, 39p.
Cappo M (1995) The population biology of the temperate reef fish Cheilodactylus nigripes in an artificial reef environment. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 119, 113-122.
Clarke, K.R., 1993. Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Aust. J. Ecol. 18, 117-143.
DeMartini EE, & Roberts DA (1990) Effects of giant kelp (Macrocystis) on the density and abundance of fishes in a cobble-bottom kelp forest. Bulletin of Marine Science 46, 289-300.
Edgar, G.J. & Barrett, N.S. (1997). Short term monitoring of biotic change in Tasmanian marine reserves. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 213, 261-79.
Edgar, G.J. & Barrett, N.S. (1999). Effects of the declaration of marine reserves on Tasmanian reef fishes, invertebrates and plants. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 242, 107-144.
Edgar G.J., Barrett N.S., & Morton A.J. (2004) Biases associated with the use of underwater visual census techniques to quantify fish density and size-structure. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 308, 269-290.
Green, R. H., 1979. Sampling design and statistical methods for environmental biologists. Wiley, Chichester, UK. Green, R. H., 1979.
Interim Marine and Coastal Regionalisation for Australia Technical Group (1998) 'Interim Marine and Coastal Regionalisation for Australia:an ecosystem-based classification for marine and coastal environments Version3.3 .' (Environment Australia: Canberra)
Kulbicki M, & Sarramega S (1999) Comparison of density estimates derived from strip transect and distance sampling for underwater visual censuses: a case study of Chaetodontidae and Pomacanthidae. Aquatic Living Resources 12, 315-325.
Lynch, T.P., Wilkinson, E. Melling, L., Hamilton, R., Macready, A. & Feary, S. Conflict and Impacts of divers and anglers in a marine park. Environmental Management 33 (2), 196-211.
McCormick, M.I. (1989). Spatio-temporal patterns in the abundance and population structure of a large temperate reef fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 53, 215-25.
Murphy, R.J. & Lyle, J.M. (1999). Impact of gillnet fishing on inshore temperate reef fishes, with particular reference to banded morwong. FRDC Final Report to FRDC (Project No. 85/145) from the Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania. 136p.
Roberts CM, Bohnsack JA, Gell F, Hawkins JP, & Goodridge R (2001) Effects of marine reserves on adjacent fisheries. Science 294, 1920-1923.
Russ GR (2002) Marine reserves as reef fisheries management tools: yet another review. In 'Coral reef fishes. Dynamics and diversity in a complex ecosystem' pp. 421-444. (Academic Press: Ontario)
Schroeder, A. Lowry, M., & Suthers, I (1994). Sexual dimorphism in red morwong, Cheilodactylus fuscus. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 45, 1173-80.
Thompson AA, & Mapstone BD (1997) Observer effects and training in underwater visual surveys of reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 154, 53-63.
Thresher, R.E. (1984). Reproduction in reef fishes. TFH Publications, Hong Kong, 398p.
Walters CJ, & Holling CS (1990) Large-scale management experiments and learning by doing. Ecology 71, 2060-2068.
Ward, T.J., Heinemann, D. & Evans, N. (2001) The role of Marine reserves as fisheries management tools: a review of concepts, evidence and international experience. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 192p.
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<meta content="Barrett, N.S. and Edgar, Graham J. and Polacheck, A.S. and Lynch, T. and Clements, F. (2006) Ecosystem monitoring of subtidal reefs in the Jervis Bay Marine Park 1996-2005. Project Report. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, Tasmania, Australia. (Unpublished)" name="eprints.citation" />
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<meta content="Surveys of subtidal rocky reefs were conducted in the Jervis Bay Marine Park (JBMP) as part of a broader study into the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs) in Australian temperate waters. The study used the same standardised methodology used in baseline and long-term monitoring programs in Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria. Surveys assessed fish size, diversity and abundance, as well as macro invertebrate and algae abundance. Baseline surveys were conducted in 1996 (18 replicate sites), 2000 (24 replicates) and 2001 (25 replicates). Since establishment of the JBMP zoning plan in October 2002 three surveys in 2003, 2004 and 2005 have been completed at 27 sites. Sites were chosen to allow an approximately balanced design between treatments with 14 sites in sanctuary "no-take" zones and 13 reference sites where fishing is still permitted. Sites were also stratified by wave exposure between sheltered and exposed locations.
A diverse fish fauna totalling 216 species has been recorded. Site attached species such as wrasse, damselfishes, red morwong Cheilodatylus fuscus and rock cale Crinodus lophodon, provided the most temporally and spatially stable components of the fish assemblage. More mobile and schooling species such as the snapper Acanthopagrus australis, and the bream Chrysophyrs auratus were highly variable between sites and between years. Newly-recruited juveniles of tropical species, which presumedly die each winter, also added considerable variation between years.
The invertebrate fauna was dominated by the long-spined urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii, while other species such as Turbo snails and red-throated ascidians (Herdmania momus) were locally abundant. Commercially and recreationally important abalone and rock lobster species were extremely rare. Algal diversity was relatively low compared to other temperate Australian study locations, with the kelp Ecklonia radiata the most common species.
Results from surveys showed little divergence between "no take" sanctuary zones established in October 2002 and fished reference sites. Two exploited fish species, the red morwong and bream, and one threatened species, the grey nurse shark, exhibited trends for population increase in sanctuary zones; however, longer-term trends will be required before the significance of these observations can be reliably assessed. While numbers were low, the re-establishment of grey nurse sharks within a sanctuary zone in Jervis Bay was certainly an encouraging sign that general protection from fishing may help protect this threatened species. Other patterns observed over the monitoring period included divergence between fished and unfished zones for the abundance of invertebrate gastropod Astralium tentoriformis and the total cover of the common kelp Ecklonia radiata. As for the fish results, more time is required to properly determine the biological significance of these trends.
As the JBMP has only been protected on paper for 2.5 years, and due to a one year advisory phrase strongly enforced for only 1.5 years, it is not surprising that few changes have been detected as yet. A more realistic and biologically meaningful timeframe to detect change will be 5-10 years, hence it is recommended that annual surveys continue over this period.
Due to the broad scale of the survey the current design should be able to detect changes at all levels of species interaction. Ideally surveys will continue to be repeated at the same time each year. This will produce a time-series of data documenting changes in the abundance and size distribution of species of interest, allowing clear trends through time in sanctuary zones to be differentiated from chance divergence and natural levels of inter-annual variability.
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<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Ecosystem monitoring of subtidal reefs in the Jervis Bay Marine Park 1996-2005.</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Barrett, N.S.</span> and <span class="person_name">Edgar, Graham J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Polacheck, A.S.</span> and <span class="person_name">Lynch, T.</span> and <span class="person_name">Clements, F.</span> (2006) <xhtml:em>Ecosystem monitoring of subtidal reefs in the Jervis Bay Marine Park 1996-2005.</xhtml:em> Project Report. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, Tasmania, Australia. (Unpublished)</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1642/1/Jervis_Bay_2005_Report.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1642/1/Jervis_Bay_2005_Report.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />500Kb</td></tr></table><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Surveys of subtidal rocky reefs were conducted in the Jervis Bay Marine Park (JBMP) as part of a broader study into the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs) in Australian temperate waters. The study used the same standardised methodology used in baseline and long-term monitoring programs in Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria. Surveys assessed fish size, diversity and abundance, as well as macro invertebrate and algae abundance. Baseline surveys were conducted in 1996 (18 replicate sites), 2000 (24 replicates) and 2001 (25 replicates). Since establishment of the JBMP zoning plan in October 2002 three surveys in 2003, 2004 and 2005 have been completed at 27 sites. Sites were chosen to allow an approximately balanced design between treatments with 14 sites in sanctuary "no-take" zones and 13 reference sites where fishing is still permitted. Sites were also stratified by wave exposure between sheltered and exposed locations.
A diverse fish fauna totalling 216 species has been recorded. Site attached species such as wrasse, damselfishes, red morwong Cheilodatylus fuscus and rock cale Crinodus lophodon, provided the most temporally and spatially stable components of the fish assemblage. More mobile and schooling species such as the snapper Acanthopagrus australis, and the bream Chrysophyrs auratus were highly variable between sites and between years. Newly-recruited juveniles of tropical species, which presumedly die each winter, also added considerable variation between years.
The invertebrate fauna was dominated by the long-spined urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii, while other species such as Turbo snails and red-throated ascidians (Herdmania momus) were locally abundant. Commercially and recreationally important abalone and rock lobster species were extremely rare. Algal diversity was relatively low compared to other temperate Australian study locations, with the kelp Ecklonia radiata the most common species.
Results from surveys showed little divergence between "no take" sanctuary zones established in October 2002 and fished reference sites. Two exploited fish species, the red morwong and bream, and one threatened species, the grey nurse shark, exhibited trends for population increase in sanctuary zones; however, longer-term trends will be required before the significance of these observations can be reliably assessed. While numbers were low, the re-establishment of grey nurse sharks within a sanctuary zone in Jervis Bay was certainly an encouraging sign that general protection from fishing may help protect this threatened species. Other patterns observed over the monitoring period included divergence between fished and unfished zones for the abundance of invertebrate gastropod Astralium tentoriformis and the total cover of the common kelp Ecklonia radiata. As for the fish results, more time is required to properly determine the biological significance of these trends.
As the JBMP has only been protected on paper for 2.5 years, and due to a one year advisory phrase strongly enforced for only 1.5 years, it is not surprising that few changes have been detected as yet. A more realistic and biologically meaningful timeframe to detect change will be 5-10 years, hence it is recommended that annual surveys continue over this period.
Due to the broad scale of the survey the current design should be able to detect changes at all levels of species interaction. Ideally surveys will continue to be repeated at the same time each year. This will produce a time-series of data documenting changes in the abundance and size distribution of species of interest, allowing clear trends through time in sanctuary zones to be differentiated from chance divergence and natural levels of inter-annual variability.
</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Report (Project Report)</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Marine Protected Areas, benthic surveys, Jervis Bay</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270708.html">270000 Biological Sciences > 270700 Ecology and Evolution > 270708 Conservation and Biodiversity</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270702.html">270000 Biological Sciences > 270700 Ecology and Evolution > 270702 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1642</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Miss Arianna Polacheck</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">22 Aug 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1642;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1642">item control page</a></p>
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