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<title>UTas ePrints - A toothed Lauraceae leaf from the early Eocene of Tasmania, Australia</title>
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<meta content="Carpenter, Raymond J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Jordan, Gregory J." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="Hill, Robert S." name="eprints.creators_name" />
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<meta content="Early Eocene, Lauraceae, Laurales; leaf fossils, leaf teeth, leaf cuticle, paleoclimate, stomata" name="eprints.keywords" />
<meta content="Bandulskaia aestuaria gen. et sp. nov. is described from Early Eocene estuarine sediments in Tasmania. It is represented by a single, incomplete leaf, which displays a toothed margin and well-preserved cuticle. Despite the absence of teeth in over 2500 known species of fossil and extant Lauraceae, the fossil cuticle has a combination of traits that are lauraceous. These include the synapomorphy of stomata confined to small areoles, and also paracytic stomata with apparently embedded guard cells, simple, uniseriate trichomes with thickened, poral bases, slit-like stomatal apertures on the outer abaxial surface and persistent resin bodies. Leaf teeth could be a plesiomorphic trait in Lauraceae, as monimioid teeth occur throughout other lauralean families. However, the fossil teeth were evidently not glandular as in monimioid teeth, and thus are unlikely to be homologous with the teeth of other Laurales. Rather, the teeth are likely to have been apomorphic, having evolved in response to the physiological demands of the warm, wet, high latitude 'Greenhouse' environment." name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2007" name="eprints.date" />
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<meta content="International Journal of Plant Sciences" name="eprints.publication" />
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<meta content="8" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="1191-1198" name="eprints.pagerange" />
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<meta content="Bailey IW, E Sinnott 1916 The climatic distribution of certain types of angiosperm leaves. Am J Bot 3:24-39.
Bandulska H 1926 On the cuticles of some fossil and recent Lauraceae. Bot J Linn Soc 47:383-425.
Bandulska H 1929 Secretory cells in a fossil leaf. Ann Bot 43:203-204.
Berner RA 1990 Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over Phanerozoic times. Science 249:1382-1386.
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Bigwood AJ, RS Hill 1985 Tertiary araucarian macrofossils from Tasmania. Aust J Bot 33:645-656.
Carpenter RJ, RS Hill, DR Greenwood, AD Partridge, MA Banks 2004 No snow in the mountains: Early Eocene plant fossils from Hotham Heights, Victoria, Australia. Aust J Bot 52:685-718.
Chanderbali AS, H van der Werff, SS Renner 2001 Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Lauraceae: evidence from the chloroplast and nuclear genomes. Ann Mo Bot Gard 88:104-134.
Christophel DC, AI Rowett 1996 Leaf and cuticle atlas of Australian leafy Lauraceae. Flora of Australia Supplementary Series Number 6. ABRS Canberra
Christophel DC, R Kerrigan, AI Rowett 1996 The use of cuticular features in the taxonomy of the Lauraceae. Ann Mo Bot Gard 83:419-432.
Conran JG, DC Christophel 1998 A new species of triplinerved Laurophyllum from the Eocene of Nerriga, New South Wales. Alcheringa 22:343-348.
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Doyle JA, PK Endress 2000 Morphological phylogenetic analysis of basal angiosperms: comparison and combination with molecular data. Int J Plant Sci 161 (suppl):S121-S153.
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Edwards HH 1990 The stomatal complex of Persea borbonia. Can J Bot 68:2543-2547.
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Faggetter CD 1987 Leaf cuticles (phytoglyphs) of selected Lauraceae. Pages 157-160 in CR Metcalfe. Anatomy of the dicotyledons. 2nd ed. Vol III. Magnoliales, Illiciales, and Laurales. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Feild TS, TL Sage, C Czerniak, WJD Iles 2005 Hydathodal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus (Chloranthaceae) prevent guttation-induced flooding of the mesophyll. Plant Cell Env 28:1179-1190.
Frumin S, H Eklund, AM Friis 2004 Mauldinia hirsuta sp. nov., a new member of the extinct genus Mauldinia (Lauraceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Kazakhstan. Int J Plant Sci 165:883-895.
Greenwood DR, P Wilf, SL Wing, DC Christophel 2004 Paleotemperature estimation using leaf-margin analysis: is Australia different? Palaios19:129-142.
Hardenbol J, J Thierry, MB Farley, T Jacquin, P-C de Graciansky, PR Vail 1998 Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence chronostratigraphic framework of European basins. Pages 3-14 in P-C de Graciansky, J Hardenbol, T Jacquin, PR Vail, eds. Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence stratigraphy of European basins. SEPM Spec. Publn. 60.
Hickey LJ 1979 A revised classification of the architecture of dicotyledonous leaves. Pages 25-39 in CR Metcalfe, L Chalk, eds. Anatomy of the dicotyledons. 2nd ed. Vol I. Systematic anatomy of leaf and stem, with a brief history of the subject. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Hickey LJ, JA Wolfe 1975 The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: vegetative morphology. Ann Mo Bot Gard 62:538-589.
Hill RS 1986 Lauraceous leaves from the Eocene of Nerriga, New South Wales. Alcheringa 10:327-351.
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Hyland BPM 1989 A revision of Lauraceae in Australia (excluding Cassytha). Aust Syst Bot 2:135-367.
Jordan GJ 1997 Uncertainty in palaeoclimatic reconstructions based on leaf physiognomy. Aust J Bot 45:527-547.
Jordan GJ, RS Hill 2002 Cenozoic macrofossil sites of Tasmania. Pap Proc Roy Soc Tas 136:127-139.
Kovach WL, DL Dilcher 1984 Dispersed cuticles from the Eocene of North America. Bot J Linn Soc 88:63-104.
Kowalski EA, DL Dilcher 2003 Warmer paleotemperatures for terrestrial ecosystems. PNAS 100:167-170.
Leaf Architecture Working Group 1999 Manual of Leaf Architecture - morphological description and categorization of dicotyledonous and net-veined monocotyledonous angiosperms. Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC. 65 pp.
Li J, DC Christophel 2000 Systematic relationships within the Litsea complex (Lauraceae): a cladistic analysis based on morphological and leaf cuticle data. Aust Syst Bot 13:1-13.
Macphail MK 2005 Palynostratigraphic analysis of plant microfossils preserved in Early Eocene mudstones at Lowana Road, Strahan, west coast of Tasmania. Consultant Palynological Services (unpublished report).
Macphail MK, NF Alley, EM Truswell, IRK Sluiter 1994 Early Tertiary vegetation: evidence from spores and pollen. Pages 189-261 in RS Hill, ed. History of the Australian vegetation: Cretaceous to recent. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Metcalfe CR 1987 Anatomy of the dicotyledons. 2nd ed. Vol. III. Magnoliales, Illiciales, and Laurales. Clarendon, Oxford. 224 pp.
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Renner SS 1999 Circumscription and phylogeny of the Laurales: evidence from molecular and morphological data. Am J Bot 86:1301-1315.
Renner SS 2004 Variation in diversity among Laurales, Early Cretaceous to present. Biol Skr 55:441-458.
Renner SS, AS Chanderbali 2000 What is the relationship among Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, and Monimiaceae, and why is the question so difficult to answer? Int J Plant Sci 161(6 Suppl.):S109-S119.
Rohwer JG 2000 Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Lauraceae: evidence from matK sequences. Syst Bot 25:60-71.
Rohwer JG, B Rudolph 2005 Jumping genera: the phylogenetic positions of Cassytha, Hypodaphnis and Neocinnamomum (Lauraceae) based on different analyses of trnK intron sequences. Ann Mo Bot Gard 92:153-178.
Royer DL, P Wilf, DA Janesko, EA Kowalski, DL Dilcher 2005 Correlations of climate and plant ecology to leaf size and shape: potential proxies for the fossil record. Am J Bot 92:1141-1151.
Sauquet H, JA Doyle, T Scharaschkin, T Borsch, KW Hilu, LW Chatrou, A le Thomas 2003 Phylogenetic analysis of Magnoliales and Myristicaceae based on multiple data sets: implications for character evolution. Bot J Linn Soc 142:125-186.
Schuepp PH 1993 Leaf boundary layers. New Phytol 125:477-507.
Stover LE, AD Partridge 1973 Tertiary and Late Cretaceous spores and pollen from the Gippsland Basin, southeastern Australia. Proc Roy Soc Vic 85:237-286.
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Vadala AJ, DR Greenwood 2001 Australian Paleogene vegetation and environments: evidence for paleo-Gondwanic elements in the fossil records of Lauraceae and Proteaceae. Pages 196-221 in I Metcalfe, JMB Smith, I Davidson, eds. Faunal and floral migrations and evolution in SE Asia-Australasia. Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers, Lisse.
Wing SL, DR Greenwood 1993 Fossils and fossil climates: the case for equable continental interiors in the Eocene. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond Ser B 341:243-252.
Wolfe JA 1977 Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region. US Geol Surv Prof Pap 997. 108 pp.
Zachos JC, M Pagani, L Sloan, E Thomas, K Billups 2001 Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science 292:686-693.
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<meta content="Carpenter, Raymond J. and Jordan, Gregory J. and Hill, Robert S. (2007) A toothed Lauraceae leaf from the early Eocene of Tasmania, Australia. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168 (8). pp. 1191-1198. (In Press)" name="eprints.citation" />
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<meta content="Bandulskaia aestuaria gen. et sp. nov. is described from Early Eocene estuarine sediments in Tasmania. It is represented by a single, incomplete leaf, which displays a toothed margin and well-preserved cuticle. Despite the absence of teeth in over 2500 known species of fossil and extant Lauraceae, the fossil cuticle has a combination of traits that are lauraceous. These include the synapomorphy of stomata confined to small areoles, and also paracytic stomata with apparently embedded guard cells, simple, uniseriate trichomes with thickened, poral bases, slit-like stomatal apertures on the outer abaxial surface and persistent resin bodies. Leaf teeth could be a plesiomorphic trait in Lauraceae, as monimioid teeth occur throughout other lauralean families. However, the fossil teeth were evidently not glandular as in monimioid teeth, and thus are unlikely to be homologous with the teeth of other Laurales. Rather, the teeth are likely to have been apomorphic, having evolved in response to the physiological demands of the warm, wet, high latitude 'Greenhouse' environment." name="DC.description" />
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<h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">A toothed Lauraceae leaf from the early Eocene of Tasmania, Australia</h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Carpenter, Raymond J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Jordan, Gregory J.</span> and <span class="person_name">Hill, Robert S.</span> (2007) <xhtml:em>A toothed Lauraceae leaf from the early Eocene of Tasmania, Australia.</xhtml:em> International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168 (8). pp. 1191-1198. (In Press)</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a onmouseover="EPJS_ShowPreview( event, 'doc_preview_2237' );" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1745/1/Lauraceae_preprint.pdf" onmouseout="EPJS_HidePreview( event, 'doc_preview_2237' );"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a><div class="ep_preview" id="doc_preview_2237"><table><tr><td><img alt="" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1745/thumbnails/1/preview.png" class="ep_preview_image" border="0" /><div class="ep_preview_title">Preview</div></td></tr></table></div></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1745/1/Lauraceae_preprint.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF (Author Version)</span></a> - Requires a PDF viewer<br />6Mb</td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/520721">http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/520721</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Bandulskaia aestuaria gen. et sp. nov. is described from Early Eocene estuarine sediments in Tasmania. It is represented by a single, incomplete leaf, which displays a toothed margin and well-preserved cuticle. Despite the absence of teeth in over 2500 known species of fossil and extant Lauraceae, the fossil cuticle has a combination of traits that are lauraceous. These include the synapomorphy of stomata confined to small areoles, and also paracytic stomata with apparently embedded guard cells, simple, uniseriate trichomes with thickened, poral bases, slit-like stomatal apertures on the outer abaxial surface and persistent resin bodies. Leaf teeth could be a plesiomorphic trait in Lauraceae, as monimioid teeth occur throughout other lauralean families. However, the fossil teeth were evidently not glandular as in monimioid teeth, and thus are unlikely to be homologous with the teeth of other Laurales. Rather, the teeth are likely to have been apomorphic, having evolved in response to the physiological demands of the warm, wet, high latitude 'Greenhouse' environment.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Early Eocene, Lauraceae, Laurales; leaf fossils, leaf teeth, leaf cuticle, paleoclimate, stomata</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/260112.html">260000 Earth Sciences > 260100 Geology > 260112 Palaeontology</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270401.html">270000 Biological Sciences > 270400 Botany > 270401 Plant Systematics, Taxonomy and Phylogeny</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270709.html">270000 Biological Sciences > 270700 Ecology and Evolution > 270709 Biogeography</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1745</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">dr gregory j jordan</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">02 Sep 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1745;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=1745">item control page</a></p>
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