<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>UTas ePrints - The Evitability of Software Patents</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/javascript/auto.js"><!-- padder --></script> <style type="text/css" media="screen">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/auto.css);</style> <style type="text/css" media="print">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/print.css);</style> <link rel="icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/eprints/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="Top" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/" /> <link rel="Search" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" /> <meta content="Holmes, Neville" name="eprints.creators_name" /> <meta content="neville.holmes@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" /> <meta content="article" name="eprints.type" /> <meta content="2007-09-26" name="eprints.datestamp" /> <meta content="2008-01-08 15:30:00" name="eprints.lastmod" /> <meta content="show" name="eprints.metadata_visibility" /> <meta content="The Evitability of Software Patents" name="eprints.title" /> <meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" /> <meta content="280300" name="eprints.subjects" /> <meta content="360203" name="eprints.subjects" /> <meta content="390114" name="eprints.subjects" /> <meta content="public" name="eprints.full_text_status" /> <meta content="intellectual property, patent law, software patents, WIPO" name="eprints.keywords" /> <meta content="This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. Copyright 2001 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE." name="eprints.note" /> <meta content="Responding to Kenneth Nichols' recent article in Computer ("The Age of Software Patents," April 1999, pp. 25-31), the author disputes the two claims: "software patents are neither inherently good nor bad" and "software patents are here to stay." The author thinks software patents are not impersonal technology, but rather a part of an intellectual patent system that is a social artifact. Because all social artifacts are fair game for judgments, software patents fall into that category. Not only does the author think it reasonable that an interested party examine the ethics and morality of any branch of the legal system (of which software patents and copyrights are a part), but he feels professionals in relevant areas have a social duty to do so. After exploring several arguments for software patents and copyrights, the author settles on the evitability of software patents, though he points out this does not ensure they will be avoided. However, he thinks there are good arguments for avoiding software patents for other more practical and just forms of monopoly for software." name="eprints.abstract" /> <meta content="2000-03" name="eprints.date" /> <meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" /> <meta content="Computer" name="eprints.publication" /> <meta content="33" name="eprints.volume" /> <meta content="3" name="eprints.number" /> <meta content="30-34" name="eprints.pagerange" /> <meta content="10.1109/2.825692" name="eprints.id_number" /> <meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" /> <meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" /> <meta content="0018-9162" name="eprints.issn" /> <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.825692" name="eprints.official_url" /> <meta content="[1] K. Nichols, "The Age of Software Patents," Computer, Apr. 1999, pp. 25-31. [2] L. Lockhard, "That Professional Look," Astounding Science Fiction, Jan. 1954, pp. 96-110. [3] G. Gimlan, "Relax, Not Everyone Is Out to Sue You," Letters, Computer, May 1999, p. 4. [4] US Patent and Trademark Office, "Examination Guidelines for Computer-Related Inventions," http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/hearings/ software/analysiscomputer.html. [5] B.E. Hayden, "The Claims Hold the Key," Letters, Computer, May 1999, pp. 4, 6. [6] J. Geringer, "Are Software Patents Really Different?" Letters, Computer, June 1999, pp. 7-8. [7] J.P. Barlow, "Selling Wine Without Bottles," http://www.eff.org/pub/Intellectual_property ideaeconomy.article. [8] B. Kahin, "The Software Patent Crisis," Technology Rev., Apr. 1990, pp. 52-58. [9] "The Standard Question," The Economist, 15 Jan. 2000, p. 91." name="eprints.referencetext" /> <meta content="Holmes, Neville (2000) The Evitability of Software Patents. Computer, 33 (3). pp. 30-34. ISSN 0018-9162" name="eprints.citation" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2001/1/Cm0Mr.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" /> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /> <meta content="The Evitability of Software Patents" name="DC.title" /> <meta content="Holmes, Neville" name="DC.creator" /> <meta content="280300 Computer Software" name="DC.subject" /> <meta content="360203 Research, Science and Technology Policy" name="DC.subject" /> <meta content="390114 Intellectual Property" name="DC.subject" /> <meta content="Responding to Kenneth Nichols' recent article in Computer ("The Age of Software Patents," April 1999, pp. 25-31), the author disputes the two claims: "software patents are neither inherently good nor bad" and "software patents are here to stay." The author thinks software patents are not impersonal technology, but rather a part of an intellectual patent system that is a social artifact. Because all social artifacts are fair game for judgments, software patents fall into that category. Not only does the author think it reasonable that an interested party examine the ethics and morality of any branch of the legal system (of which software patents and copyrights are a part), but he feels professionals in relevant areas have a social duty to do so. After exploring several arguments for software patents and copyrights, the author settles on the evitability of software patents, though he points out this does not ensure they will be avoided. However, he thinks there are good arguments for avoiding software patents for other more practical and just forms of monopoly for software." name="DC.description" /> <meta content="2000-03" name="DC.date" /> <meta content="Article" name="DC.type" /> <meta content="PeerReviewed" name="DC.type" /> <meta content="application/pdf" name="DC.format" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2001/1/Cm0Mr.pdf" name="DC.identifier" /> <meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.825692" name="DC.relation" /> <meta content="Holmes, Neville (2000) The Evitability of Software Patents. Computer, 33 (3). pp. 30-34. ISSN 0018-9162" name="DC.identifier" /> <meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2001/" name="DC.relation" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/BibTeX/epprod-eprint-2001.bib" title="BibTeX" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/ContextObject/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="OpenURL ContextObject" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/ContextObject::Dissertation/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="OpenURL Dissertation" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/ContextObject::Journal/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="OpenURL Journal" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/DC/epprod-eprint-2001.txt" title="Dublin Core" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/DIDL/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="DIDL" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/EndNote/epprod-eprint-2001.enw" title="EndNote" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/HTML/epprod-eprint-2001.html" title="HTML Citation" type="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/METS/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="METS" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/MODS/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="MODS" type="text/xml" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/RIS/epprod-eprint-2001.ris" title="Reference Manager" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/Refer/epprod-eprint-2001.refer" title="Refer" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/Simple/epprod-eprint-2001text" title="Simple Metadata" type="text/plain" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/Text/epprod-eprint-2001.txt" title="ASCII Citation" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="alternate" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/export/2001/XML/epprod-eprint-2001.xml" title="EP3 XML" type="text/xml" /> </head> <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" onLoad="loadRoutine(); MM_preloadImages('images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif','images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif')"> <div class="ep_noprint"><noscript><style type="text/css">@import url(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/nojs.css);</style></noscript></div> <table width="795" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td><script language="JavaScript1.2">mmLoadMenus();</script> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="795"> <!-- fwtable fwsrc="eprints_banner_final2.png" fwbase="ePrints_banner.gif" fwstyle="Dreamweaver" fwdocid = "1249563342" fwnested="0" --> <tr> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="104" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="44" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="105" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="41" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="16" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="68" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="82" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="69" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="98" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="12"><img name="ePrints_banner_r1_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r1_c1.gif" width="795" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="10" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c1" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c1.gif" width="32" height="118" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c2.gif" width="104" height="103" border="0" alt="" /></a></td> <td colspan="10"><img name="ePrints_banner_r2_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r2_c3.gif" width="659" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="41" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c3.gif" width="190" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2" colspan="7"><img name="ePrints_banner_r3_c6" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r3_c6.gif" width="469" height="37" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="31" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><img name="ePrints_banner_r4_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r4_c3.gif" width="190" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="6" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c3.gif" width="149" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/information.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821132634_0,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c5');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c5','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c5" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c5.gif" width="57" height="25" border="0" alt="About" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/view/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133021_1,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c7');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c7','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c7" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c7.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Browse" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/search/simple" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133201_2,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c8');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c8','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c8" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c8.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="Search" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/register" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout();" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_1018171924_3,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c9');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c9','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c9" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c9.gif" width="68" height="25" border="0" alt="register" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/perl/users/home" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133422_4,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c10');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c10','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c10" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c10.gif" width="82" height="25" border="0" alt="user area" /></a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/help/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_startTimeout()" onMouseOver="MM_showMenu(window.mm_menu_0821133514_5,0,25,null,'ePrints_banner_r5_c11');MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r5_c11','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c11" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c11.gif" width="69" height="25" border="0" alt="Help" /></a></td> <td rowspan="3" colspan="4"><img name="ePrints_banner_r5_c12" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r5_c12.gif" width="98" height="40" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c3" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c3.gif" width="44" height="39" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></td> <td><a href="/" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('ePrints_banner_r6_c4','','/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4_f2.gif',1);"><img name="ePrints_banner_r6_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r6_c4.gif" width="105" height="24" border="0" alt="ePrints home" /></a></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="24" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c2" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c2.gif" width="104" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td colspan="8"><img name="ePrints_banner_r7_c4" src="/images/eprints/ePrints_banner_r7_c4.gif" width="517" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td> <td><img src="/images/eprints/spacer.gif" width="1" height="15" border="0" alt="" /></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr><td><table width="100%" style="font-size: 90%; border: solid 1px #ccc; padding: 3px"><tr> <td align="left"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home">Login</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/register">Create Account</a></td> <td align="right" style="white-space: nowrap"> <form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/search" style="display:inline"> <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbox" size="20" type="text" name="q" /> <input class="ep_tm_searchbarbutton" value="Search" type="submit" name="_action_search" /> <input type="hidden" name="_order" value="bytitle" /> <input type="hidden" name="basic_srchtype" value="ALL" /> <input type="hidden" name="_satisfyall" value="ALL" /> </form> </td> </tr></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="toplinks"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" --> <div align="center"> <table width="720" class="ep_tm_main"><tr><td align="left"> <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">The Evitability of Software Patents</h1> <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Holmes, Neville</span> (2000) <xhtml:em>The Evitability of Software Patents.</xhtml:em> Computer, 33 (3). pp. 30-34. ISSN 0018-9162</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a onmouseover="EPJS_ShowPreview( event, 'doc_preview_2477' );" href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2001/1/Cm0Mr.pdf" onmouseout="EPJS_HidePreview( event, 'doc_preview_2477' );"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a><div class="ep_preview" id="doc_preview_2477"><table><tr><td><img alt="" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2001/thumbnails/1/preview.png" class="ep_preview_image" border="0" /><div class="ep_preview_title">Preview</div></td></tr></table></div></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2001/1/Cm0Mr.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Requires a PDF viewer<br />280Kb</td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.825692">http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.825692</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">Responding to Kenneth Nichols' recent article in Computer ("The Age of Software Patents," April 1999, pp. 25-31), the author disputes the two claims: "software patents are neither inherently good nor bad" and "software patents are here to stay." The author thinks software patents are not impersonal technology, but rather a part of an intellectual patent system that is a social artifact. Because all social artifacts are fair game for judgments, software patents fall into that category. Not only does the author think it reasonable that an interested party examine the ethics and morality of any branch of the legal system (of which software patents and copyrights are a part), but he feels professionals in relevant areas have a social duty to do so. After exploring several arguments for software patents and copyrights, the author settles on the evitability of software patents, though he points out this does not ensure they will be avoided. However, he thinks there are good arguments for avoiding software patents for other more practical and just forms of monopoly for software.</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. Copyright 2001 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE.</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">intellectual property, patent law, software patents, WIPO</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/280300.html">280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280300 Computer Software</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/360203.html">360000 Policy and Political Science > 360200 Policy and Administration > 360203 Research, Science and Technology Policy</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/390114.html">390000 Law, Justice and Law Enforcement > 390100 Law > 390114 Intellectual Property</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2001</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Mr Neville Holmes</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">26 Sep 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2001;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=2001">item control page</a></p> </td></tr></table> </div> <!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td> </tr> <tr> <td><!-- #BeginLibraryItem "/Library/footer_eprints.lbi" --> <table width="795" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" class="footer"> <tr valign="top"> <td colspan="2"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au">UTAS home</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/">Library home</a> | <a href="/">ePrints home</a> | <a href="/contact.html">contact</a> | <a href="/information.html">about</a> | <a href="/view/">browse</a> | <a href="/perl/search/simple">search</a> | <a href="/perl/register">register</a> | <a href="/perl/users/home">user area</a> | <a href="/help/">help</a></div><br /></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2"><p><img src="/images/eprints/footerline.gif" width="100%" height="4" /></p></td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="68%" class="footer">Authorised by the University Librarian<br /> © University of Tasmania ABN 30 764 374 782<br /> <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/cricos/">CRICOS Provider Code 00586B</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright/copyright_disclaimers.html">Copyright & Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a> | <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/feedback/">Site Feedback</a> </td> <td width="32%"><div align="right"> <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><img src="http://www.utas.edu.au/shared/logos/unioftasstrip.gif" alt="University of Tasmania Home Page" width="260" height="16" border="0" align="right" /></a></p> <p align="right" class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.utas.edu.au/"><br /> </a></p> </div></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><p> </p></td> <td><div align="right"><span class="NoPrint"><a href="http://www.eprints.org/software/"><img src="/images/eprintslogo.gif" alt="ePrints logo" width="77" height="29" border="0" align="bottom" /></a></span></div></td> </tr> </table> <!-- #EndLibraryItem --> <div align="center"></div></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>