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    <title>UTas ePrints - Maternal basking opportunity affects juvenile phenotype in a viviparous lizard</title>
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<meta content="1. The effects of external conditions on embryonic development have been repeatedly
examined in oviparous reptile species, but the effect of gestation conditions on offspring
traits in viviparous species has rarely been examined.
2. The influence of maternal basking opportunities on gestation length and juvenile
phenotype was investigated in a viviparous scincid lizard,
Niveoscincus ocellatus. Females were housed under one of two experimental regimes (10 or 4 h access to basking) which
reflected the natural variation in temperature, potentially one of the most important
proximate sources of life-history variation.
3. Females with longer access to basking gave birth significantly earlier than those
with reduced basking opportunities. Maternal access to basking significantly affected
the phenotype and growth rate of her offspring.
4. Offspring born after relatively rapid development were longer, heavier and in better
condition than offspring born after slower development.
5. In standard laboratory conditions, offspring born after rapid development grew
more rapidly than those born after slower development, thus amplifying the difference in
body size between these two groups postpartum.
6. These results suggest the existence of a strong selective pressure on female basking
behaviour through the effect of the maternal environment on embryo development
and offspring phenotype and highlight the role of temperature as a proximate source
of variation in both the timing of reproductive events and in key life-history traits of
neonates.
" name="eprints.abstract" />
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<meta content="Functional Ecology" name="eprints.publication" />
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<meta content="Adolph, S.C. &amp; Porter, W.P. (1993) Temperature, activity,
and lizard life histories. The American Naturalist 142,
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Andrews, R.M. (1982) Patterns of growth in reptiles. Biology
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Beuchat, C.A. (1986) Reproductive influences on the thermoregulatory
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Blackburn, D.G. (1992) Convergent evolution of viviparity,
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Burger, J. (1989) Incubation temperature has long-term
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<meta content="1. The effects of external conditions on embryonic development have been repeatedly
examined in oviparous reptile species, but the effect of gestation conditions on offspring
traits in viviparous species has rarely been examined.
2. The influence of maternal basking opportunities on gestation length and juvenile
phenotype was investigated in a viviparous scincid lizard,
Niveoscincus ocellatus. Females were housed under one of two experimental regimes (10 or 4 h access to basking) which
reflected the natural variation in temperature, potentially one of the most important
proximate sources of life-history variation.
3. Females with longer access to basking gave birth significantly earlier than those
with reduced basking opportunities. Maternal access to basking significantly affected
the phenotype and growth rate of her offspring.
4. Offspring born after relatively rapid development were longer, heavier and in better
condition than offspring born after slower development.
5. In standard laboratory conditions, offspring born after rapid development grew
more rapidly than those born after slower development, thus amplifying the difference in
body size between these two groups postpartum.
6. These results suggest the existence of a strong selective pressure on female basking
behaviour through the effect of the maternal environment on embryo development
and offspring phenotype and highlight the role of temperature as a proximate source
of variation in both the timing of reproductive events and in key life-history traits of
neonates.
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    <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">Maternal basking opportunity affects juvenile phenotype in a viviparous lizard</h1>
    <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Wapstra, Erik</span> (2000) <xhtml:em>Maternal basking opportunity affects juvenile phenotype in a viviparous lizard.</xhtml:em> Functional Ecology, 14 (3). pp. 345-352. ISSN 0269-8463</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2420/1/Wapstra2000maternalbasking.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" class="ep_doc_icon" border="0" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2420/1/Wapstra2000maternalbasking.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />303Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input accept-charset="utf-8" value="3127" name="docid" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2435.2000.00428.x">http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2435.2000.00428.x</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">1. The effects of external conditions on embryonic development have been repeatedly&#13;
examined in oviparous reptile species, but the effect of gestation conditions on offspring&#13;
traits in viviparous species has rarely been examined.&#13;
2. The influence of maternal basking opportunities on gestation length and juvenile&#13;
phenotype was investigated in a viviparous scincid lizard,&#13;
Niveoscincus ocellatus. Females were housed under one of two experimental regimes (10 or 4 h access to basking) which&#13;
reflected the natural variation in temperature, potentially one of the most important&#13;
proximate sources of life-history variation.&#13;
3. Females with longer access to basking gave birth significantly earlier than those&#13;
with reduced basking opportunities. Maternal access to basking significantly affected&#13;
the phenotype and growth rate of her offspring.&#13;
4. Offspring born after relatively rapid development were longer, heavier and in better&#13;
condition than offspring born after slower development.&#13;
5. In standard laboratory conditions, offspring born after rapid development grew&#13;
more rapidly than those born after slower development, thus amplifying the difference in&#13;
body size between these two groups postpartum.&#13;
6. These results suggest the existence of a strong selective pressure on female basking&#13;
behaviour through the effect of the maternal environment on embryo development&#13;
and offspring phenotype and highlight the role of temperature as a proximate source&#13;
of variation in both the timing of reproductive events and in key life-history traits of&#13;
neonates.&#13;
</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block" border="0"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Gestation conditions, growth rate, life-history variation, maternal effects, phenotypic plasticity&#13;
</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270706.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270700 Ecology and Evolution &gt; 270706 Life Histories (incl. Population Ecology)</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">2420</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Dr Erik Wapstra</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">15 Nov 2007 14:57</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">09 Jan 2008 02:30</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=2420;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=2420">item control page</a></p>
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